Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in the development of objective methods for assessing lip-closing function in children. OBJECTIVE: To obtain normative data for healthy children in the developmental stages of lip closure function, we quantitatively evaluated oral movements associated with lip closure in children and adults using a composite sensor (CS). METHODS: Twenty-five normal children (11 boys, 14 girls) aged 8.8 ± 1.6 years and 25 young adults (13 men, 12 women) aged 27.4 ± 3.9 years were asked to perform test movements, maximal lip closure and swallowing of 3 mL of water. Lip-closing pressure (LP), intraoral baro-pressure (IP) and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the upper orbicularis oris muscle were simultaneously recorded using the CS. RESULTS: EMG activity of the upper orbicularis oris muscle during closure was significantly greater in adults than in children. There were significant positive correlations between integral values of LP and EMG for closure in adults (r = .527, p = .008) but not in children, and significant positive correlations between integral values of LP and IP for swallowing in children (r = .508, p = .010) but not in adults. CONCLUSIONS: The CS may provide an effective tool for evaluating lip function in children acquiring oral function. For the combination of maxillary orbicularis oculus contraction and formation of intraoral negative pressure, EMG activity of the upper orbicularis oris muscle involvement in LP and IP involvement in LP may differ between children and adults.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13705

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本障害者歯科学会  

被虐待児童はう蝕が多いとされているが,これまでの報告の多くは,う蝕有病者率やう蝕経験歯数に限られていた.本研究では,被虐待児童におけるう蝕罹患状況の特徴を探索するため,歯種別に解析を行った.歯種別解析の対象は,2～19歳の一時保護所への入所理由が「虐待」の児童(虐待群)323名とした.年齢に応じて,乳歯の解析では2区分(2～5歳,6～9歳),永久歯では3区分(5～9歳,10～14歳,15～19歳)とし,歯科疾患実態調査(対照群)と比較を行った.乳歯,永久歯ともに一人平均未処置歯数は虐待群において有意に高く,永久歯においては一人平均う歯数がすべての年齢区分で虐待群が有意に高かった.歯種別に解析した結果,乳歯では上顎左側乳中切歯と上顎右側乳犬歯,永久歯では第一大臼歯と第二大臼歯において,虐待群が有意にう歯保有者率が高かったが,虐待群の歯種別う蝕罹患状況として明確な特徴と判断できるものはなく,一般にう蝕が発生しやすい部位において虐待群ではさらに高い割合でう蝕を有し,永久歯萠出直後早い段階で罹患していると考えられた.一人平均う歯数のパーセンタイル値では,いずれの年齢区分においても虐待群の25%は対照群と同様にう歯を有していなかった一方で,虐待群の一部の者のう歯数が非常に多く,虐待群の全体的なう蝕歯数の数値を引き上げていると推察された.(著者抄録)

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2023&ichushi_jid=J02489&link_issn=&doc_id=20230403180002&doc_link_id=10.14958%2Fjjsdh.44.10&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.14958%2Fjjsdh.44.10&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_3.gif

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Understanding the refinement of self-feeding skills is useful for the assessment of oral functional development in children. OBJECTIVES: To determine normative data on lip closing during food intake in the development of independent spoon-feeding in normal children, we tested the hypothesis that lip-closing pressure and spoon operation differ depending on food type. METHODS: Fifteen normal children (eight boys, seven girls; mean age: 6.5 years) were asked to eat test foods (2, 3 and 5 g of yogurt and cream cheese) freely with a spoon. Lip-closing pressures and kinematic data on spoon operation were recorded simultaneously with a strain gauge transducer embedded in the spoon and Vicon motion analysis, respectively. RESULTS: In the most common lip-pressure pattern, only positive pressure was generated. In the second most common pattern, negative pressure occurred first, followed by positive pressure; this pattern was seen infrequently. Positive pressure (P < .001), pressure duration (P < .001) and spoon intra-oral time (P < .05) during intake of cream cheese (an adhesive food) were significantly greater than those during intake of yogurt (a non-adhesive food). Pressure onset occurred at the beginning of the spoon withdrawal period or at the turning point from spoon insertion to withdrawal, depending on the food. CONCLUSIONS: Lip-closing force and spoon operation varied depending on food type in preschool and early elementary school children. Our findings suggest the need to consider the importance of food diversity and to pay attention to the spoon withdrawal period when assessing the development and maturation of lip function.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13155

PubMed

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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