掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1530/REP-25-0132

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Wiley  

Abstract

Lynch syndrome‐associated endometrial cancer patients often present multiple synchronous tumors and this assessment can affect treatment strategies. We present a case of a 27‐year‐old woman with tumors in the uterine corpus, cervix, and ovaries who was diagnosed with endometrial cancer and exhibited cervical invasion and ovarian metastasis. Her family history suggested Lynch syndrome, and genetic testing identified a variant of uncertain significance, MLH1 p.L582H. We conducted immunohistochemical staining, microsatellite instability analysis, and Sanger sequencing for Lynch syndrome‐associated cancers in three generations of the family and identified consistent MLH1 loss. Whole‐exome sequencing for the corpus, cervical, and ovarian tumors of the proband identified a copy‐neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH) occurring at the MLH1 position in all tumors. This indicated that the germline variant and the copy‐neutral LOH led to biallelic loss of MLH1 and was the cause of cancer initiation. All tumors shared a portion of somatic mutations with high mutant allele frequencies, suggesting a common clonal origin. There were no mutations shared only between the cervix and ovary samples. The profiles of mutant allele frequencies shared between the corpus and cervix or ovary indicated that two different subclones originating from the corpus independently metastasized to the cervix or ovary. Additionally, all tumors presented unique mutations in endometrial cancer‐associated genes such as ARID1A and PIK3CA. In conclusion, we demonstrated clonal origin and genomic diversity in a Lynch syndrome‐associated endometrial cancer, suggesting the importance of evaluating multiple sites in Lynch syndrome patients with synchronous tumors.

DOI： 10.1002/gcc.23231

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：MDPI AG  

Endometriosis is known to be associated with an increased risk of endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer. However, the association between endometriosis and endometrial cancer is controversial. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of women with endometrial cancer who had undergone surgery at our institution to evaluate the clinicopathological relationship between endometrial cancer and endometriosis. The study included 720 women pathologically diagnosed with endometrial cancer at our hospital between 2000 and 2020. The participants were allocated to two groups of patients with endometrial cancer: patients with endometriosis (n = 101) and patients without endometriosis (n = 619). Endometrial cancer patients with endometriosis were significantly younger (median age 54.0 vs. 58.0; p = 0.002). In addition, endometrial cancer patients with endometriosis had fewer pregnancies and deliveries (median pregnancy 1.58 vs. 1.99; p = 0.019, median delivery 1.25 vs. 1.56; p = 0.012). The percentage of patients classified as stage IA was significantly higher in those with endometrial cancer with endometriosis (68.3% vs. 56.4%; p = 0.029). In the analysis of synchronous ovarian cancer, the percentage of dual primary cancer was higher in patients with endometriosis (14.9% vs. 1.6%; p < 0.001). The association of young-onset early-stage endometrial cancer with endometriosis is an important finding that cannot be ignored clinically.

DOI： 10.3390/cancers15235635

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/01443615.2023.2283162

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome and efficacy of image-guided interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) for postsurgical vaginal recurrence of cervical and endometrial cancers.

Materials and methods

The study included 11 patients who received CT-based image-guided high-dose-rate ISBT with or without external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Local control, progression-free survival, and treatment-related toxicities were evaluated retrospectively.

Results

Of the 11 patients, 4 underwent ISBT with EBRT and the other 7 ISBT alone; two of the latter patients received previous pelvic radiotherapy. After a median follow-up of 43.9 months (range 3.9–92.7 months), the 2-year local control rate was 100%. The median equivalent doses in 2 Gy fractions received by at least 90% of the clinical target volume for ISBT with versus without EBRT were 82.2 Gy (range 60.4–84.2 Gy) versus 69.0 Gy (range 50.8–98.2 Gy). The 2-year progression-free survival rates after ISBT with versus without EBRT were 75% versus 80%, and the difference was not significant (p = 0.74). Grade 3 late toxicities occurred in two patients.

Conclusion

Our radiotherapy strategy using image-guided ISBT, either with or without EBRT, for postsurgical vaginal recurrence showed effective treatment outcomes.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-021-01229-y

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その他リンク： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11604-021-01229-y/fulltext.html