Language：Japanese   Publisher：国立感染症研究所  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：国立感染症研究所  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Genotyping evidence that supports the interruption of endemic measles virus (MV) transmission is one of the essential criteria to be verified in achieving measles elimination. In Japan since 2014, MV genotype analyses have been performed for most of the measles cases in prefectural public health institutes nationwide. With this strong molecular epidemiological data, Japan was verified to have eliminated measles in March, 2015. However, even in the postelimination era, sporadic cases and small outbreaks of measles have been detected repeatedly in Japan. This study investigated the nationwide molecular epidemiology of MV between 2008 and 2017. The 891 strains in the total period between 2008 and 2017 belonged to seven genotypes (D5, D4, D9, H1, G3, B3, and D8) and 124 different MV sequence variants, based on the 450-nucleotide sequence region of the N gene (N450). The 311 MV strains in the postelimination era between 2015 and 2017 were classified into 1, 7, 8, and 32 different N450 sequence variants in D9, H1, B3, and D8 genotypes, respectively. Analysis of the detection period of the individual N450 sequence variants showed that the majority of MV strains were detected only for a short period. However, MV strains, MVs/Osaka.JPN/29.15/ [D8] and MVi/Hulu Langat.MYS/26.11/ [D8], which are named strains designated by World Health Organization (WHO), have been detected in many cases over 2 or 3 years between 2015 and 2017. The WHO-named strains have circulated worldwide, causing outbreaks in many countries. Epidemiological investigation revealed repeated importation of these WHO-named strains into Japan. To demonstrate the elimination status (interruption of endemic transmission) in situations with repeated importation of the same strains is challenging. Nevertheless, the detailed sequence analysis of individual MV strains and chronological analysis of these strains provided sufficient evidence to show that Japan has still maintained its measles elimination status in 2017.

DOI： 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01470

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Human parechovirus (HPeV) and human non-polio enterovirus (EV) are important causes of fever without source (FWS) in young infants. Their prevalence and clinical characteristics are largely unknown in Asian countries. This study was conducted to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of HPeV and EV infection in febrile young infants in Japan. METHODS: During February 2010-August 2015, we obtained 53 stool, 44 throat swab, and 20 cerebrospinal fluid samples from 56 infants (<3 months) with FWS at a single hospital. To each sample, we applied reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for HPeV and EV. We compared the clinical characteristics of HPeV and EV patients. RESULTS: HPeV was detected in 11 and EV in 17 patients. HPeV was detected during July-September. HPeV patients, compared with EV patients, had lower age (32 vs 47 days; P = n.s.), higher prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding (81.8 vs 29.4%; P = 0.024), and lower prevalence of sick contacts (36.4 vs 88.2%; P = 0.010). More HPeV than EV patients met the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (90.9 vs 52.9%; P = 0.049). In the HPeV group, leukopenia, thrombopenia, and elevated deviation enzyme were observed, although the prevalence of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid was significantly lower than in the EV group. HPeV patients had longer hospital stay (7 vs 5 days; P = 0.025). CONCLUSION: HPeV and EV are important causal viruses of FWS. Characteristic clinical pictures exist in these virus infections, but further research is needed to accumulate more cases to produce a comprehensive picture of these virus infections.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.13467

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Infantile aseptic meningitis is a rare infection of the central nervous system. Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) is an enterovirus that is sometimes associated with aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. CASE PRESENTATION: We report on three isolated infants with aseptic meningitis caused by CVB5 in the spring and summer of 2016 with nearly identical 404-bp CVB5 Viral Capsid Protein 1 (VP1) sequences. In addition, viral analysis of sewage samples from Chiba Prefecture in 2016 showed similar 404-bp CVB5 VP1 sequences from May to September 2016. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that viral screening of sewage water may help detect occult outbreaks of viral infection, particularly for enterovirus strains.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2018_85-28

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in tropical and subtropical regions are a cause of worldwide concern and represent a public health emergency. ZIKV was isolated from a 17-year-old patient with fever and maculopapular rash. The patient returned to Japan from the Republic of Fiji in late April 2016. The complete genome sequence of the ZIKV isolate (ZIKV/Hu/S36/Chiba/2016), which might be the first strain to be isolated in Japan, was identified and reported.

DOI： 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2017.042

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author  

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Publisher：Infectious Agents Surveillance Report  

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：千葉県衛生研究所  

2018年7月、県内A保健所に、管内の飲食店で食事をした後に下痢や腹痛を呈し医療機関を受診した人が複数いるとの情報が寄せられ、A保健所は有症者と飲食店に聞き取り調査等を行った。有症者はマグロの漬け丼を喫食した人に限られており、漬け丼のマグロは、提供されるまで冷凍工程を経ておらず、提供の30分前から醤油・みりん・わさびが含まれる調味液に漬け込まれていた。漬け丼の喫食者55名中11名が胃腸症状を呈しており、喫食から発症までの時間は最短40分、最長19時間30分、中央値6時間48分であった。症状は頻度の高い順に下痢11名(100%)、腹痛5名(45%)、嘔吐4名(36%)であり、下痢は全員が水様便で、1日以内に回復した人が多く、数時間で回復した人もいた。有症者から食中毒起因細菌・ウイルスは検出されず、K.neothunniが検出された。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Society of Tokyo Women's Medical University  

The role of respiratory viruses in pediatric patients with severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is unclear in Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with LRTI managed at the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a single center in Chiba, Japan. We examined 153 patients with LRTI who needed ventilatory support including high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy between April 2012 and March 2017; 116 by immunochromatography and 37 by PCR. Nasal swab samples were then examined using immunochromatography assay kits for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and influenza virus (flu). For PCR, viral antigen nucleic acids were obtained from nasal swabs. Each sample was examined by (RT-) PCR for RSV, enterovirus (EV), hMPV, human bocavirus (HBoV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and adenovirus (AdV). Clinical characteristics, disease course, and prognosis were investigated. Of 153 patients with a median age of 13 months (0 months-13 years), 73 were male, and 59% had previously had an underlying disease and/or disability. We detected at least 1 virus in 147 patients (96%); 10 patients (6.5%) had co-infection with different viruses. RSV (53%) was the most common, followed by hMPV (20%), EV (5.2%), flu (4.6%), HBoV (4.6%), and PIV (2.6%). Infants were frequently positive for RSV or EV, whereas children over 1 year old were frequently positive for hMPV or HBoV. Seasonal variation was seen in each virus. Over half of the patients positive for RSV or flu were previously heathy children, but many patients positive for other viruses had some other disease or disability. Duration of PICU stay depended on patients' backgrounds rather than the causative virus. After LRTI, 1 patient dead, 2 patients received tracheotomy, and 1 started home oxygen therapy. In conclusion, RSV was the most common in LRTI pediatric patients in the PICU. Except for RSV and flu, patients frequently had some other disease/disability. Duration of PICU stay and prognosis often depends on the patient's background.

DOI： 10.24488/jtwmu.90.1_14

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Other Link： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/031442504

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

2018年第1週から第44週までの届出数から、千葉県内の風疹の流行状況を把握した。検査対象は、風疹初発患者が確認された7月5日〜10月31日までに当研究室に搬入された風疹および麻疹疑い例の血液、咽頭ぬぐい液、尿で、このうち麻疹陽性例を除く415例を解析対象とした。2018年の風疹の届出数は第44週の時点で285例であり、第6、16、17週に届けられた3名を除いて第27週からの一連の患者発生であった。415例のうち、風疹ウイルス陽性者は148名(男性122名、女性26名)で、患者はおもに成人であった。陽性者のうち144名はワクチンを未接種または不明であった。すべての年齢群のうち、0〜10歳年齢群ではワクチン接種者が多く、風疹陽性者はいなかったことから、MRワクチン1期、2期の2回定期接種の効果は高いと考えられた。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：麻布大学  

type:P(論文)
type:会議録・学会報告
type:PROCEEDINGS
identifier:第92回麻布獣医学会 一般学術演題8
identifier:publisher

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2019145463

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

2016年7月末より、千葉県松戸保健所管内において麻疹の集団発生が起こった。麻疹の集団発生において、麻疹PCR検査陽性(陽性例)13例と、陽性例との接触が確実で麻疹疑い例で、麻疹PCR検査陰性(陰性例)であった8例を対象とした。麻疹集団発生は、7月12日発症の初発例から五次感染までを確認し、9月24日をもって「終息」となった。初発例は33歳女性で、発症後診断までに時間がかかり既に家族内感染を起こしていた。海外渡航歴はなく、麻疹患者との接触も確認されておらず、感染経路は不明であった。以後家族間、地域行事、医療機関、薬局での接触で、初例を含め13例の麻疹陽性例を確認した。陽性例の遺伝子型は全てD8であった。13例中、10例は麻しんワクチン未接種、2例はワクチン接種歴あり、1例はワクチン接種歴不明であった。陽性13例中、8例には診断時に麻疹の届出に必要な3主徴を認め、4例は追跡調査で発疹出現を確認し3主徴を満たしたが、1例は発疹出現を確認できなかった。今回の麻疹集団発生はワクチン未接種者間による感染拡大が主体であったと考えられた。ワクチン接種者である2例で麻疹IgM抗体の上昇を確認した。

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：千葉県衛生研究所  

小児科外来においてインフルエンザ様疾患患者からのウイルス検出を試みた。小児科外来2施設を受診しインフルエンザウイルスが検出されなかった呼吸器感染症患者299名(平均年齢5歳6ヵ月)から、書面同意を得て鼻咽頭ぬぐい液を採取した。299名のうち189名の検体から計247のウイルスが検出された。調査期間を通して検出されたウイルスとその患者数は、コクサッキーウイルスA群が41例(11%)、ヒトライノウイルスが36例(10%)、アデノウイルス(AdV)が33例(9%)、ヒトボカウイルス(HBoV)が28例(8%)、RSウイルスが25例(7%)、パラインフルエンザウイルスが24例(7%)、ヒトメタニューモウイルスが19例(5%)、エンテロウイルス(EV)D68が4例(1%)、エコーウイルスが3例(1%)、EV属型未同定が34例(10%)であった。ウイルス検出189名のうち47名からウイルスが重複検出され、2種類検出は36名(平均年齢2歳11ヵ月)、3種類検出は11名(平均年齢1歳10ヵ月)であった。重複したウイルスはHBoVが79%、AdVが64%と多かった。

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DOI： 10.11477/mf.1403113939

DOI： 10.5833/jjgs.2015.0008_references_DOI_RtJ5VVn2wHJizIo2IYF7fmaJmW7

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DOI： 10.11477/mf.1403113852

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟大学医学部保健学科  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2013222178

Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟大学医学部保健学科  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2013222177

J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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Event date： 2018

Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

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Event date： 2017

Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016

Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2016

Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2015

Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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