記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and obesity and dietary intake in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to compare the findings with those obtained using the modified Japanese Diet Index (mJDI). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1565 adults with T2DM in Japan between 2014 and 2019. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The DII calculation was based on 25 nutrients. Participants were categorized into DII tertiles, and obesity was defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between the DII and obesity with sequential adjustment for demographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and correlations between the DII and food group intakes were examined. RESULTS: Participants in higher DII tertiles were younger, more often male, and had higher BMI, lower energy intake, lower protein intake per kg of body weight, and lower physical activity. Higher DII scores were associated with greater odds of obesity (OR 2.412, 95% CI 1.751-3.323; P trend <0.001). The association was consistent across sex, age, energy intake, and physical activity categories. The DII was inversely correlated with intakes of vegetables, fruits, fish/seafood, soy products, and other nutrient-dense foods. Sensitivity analyses using BMI ≥30 kg/m2 showed similar but weaker associations. CONCLUSION: Higher DII scores were associated with obesity and lower intake of nutrient-dense foods in Japanese adults with T2DM, whereas higher mJDI scores were inversely associated with obesity. Associations appeared stronger for the DII.

DOI： 10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103460

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIMS: To evaluate and compare the association of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) with the Health Practice Index (HPI) reflecting only lifestyle habits and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics (ICVHMs) consisting of lifestyle habits and factors targeted for control in the same population according to glucose status. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 1,28,162 participants aged 18-72 years with no history of CVD followed for ≥ 3 years between 2008 and 2016. Participants were classified according to normal glucose tolerance (86,174), prediabetes (36,096), or diabetes (5892). HPI and ICVHMs scores were classified into three groups (high/medium/low). Multivariate Cox regression hazard analysis examined CVD risk. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, 1057 CVD events occurred. In prediabetes, CVD risk was significantly higher in groups with both medium and low HPI scores and ICVHMs scores compared to high scores for normal glucose tolerance (hazard ratios [HRs] for high/medium/low HPI scores were 0.95 [0.78-1.17], 1.56 [1.29-1.89], and 2.41 [1.74-3.34] and for ICVHMs scores were 0.74 [0.50-1.11], 1.58 [1.26-1.98], and 2.63 [2.10-3.31], respectively). Regarding diabetes, compared with high HPI/ICVHMs scores in the normal glucose tolerance group, a significantly increased CVD risk was observed in the high-score HPI group, but not in the high-score ICVHMs group (HPI high/medium/low HR, 1.63 [1.22-2.18], 2.19 [1.69-2.83], and 2.26 [1.34 -3.83]; ICVHMs high/medium/low HR, 1.14 [0.47-2.81], 2.38 [1.75-3.23], and 3.31 [2.50-4.38], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetes, ideal lifestyle practices alone were insufficient for primary prevention of CVD but had a greater impact on primary prevention of CVD in prediabetes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-024-00708-7.

DOI： 10.1007/s13340-024-00708-7

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2337/db24-435-P

Web of Science

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIMS: To determine the association between the magnitude of weight loss and incidence of remission according to baseline characteristics in patients with diabetes in clinical settings. METHODS: In total, 39 676 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥18 years with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% and/or glucose-lowering drug prescription were identified from databases of specialists' clinics from 1989 and followed until September 2022. Remission was diagnosed as maintaining HbA1c <6.5% at least 3 months after cessation of a glucose-lowering drug. Factors associated with remission were evaluated by logistic regression analysis according to weight change in 1 year (i.e. ≥10%, 7.0-9.9%, 3.0-6.9% reduction, <3% change and ≥3.0% increase). RESULTS: During the study period, 3454 remissions occurred. The rates of remission were higher in the group with the greatest reduction of body mass index (BMI) in any category examined (i.e. baseline BMI, HbA1c, duration of diabetes and treatment). The incidences of remission per 1000 person-years were about 25 and 50, respectively, for those with BMI ≥22.5 and reductions in BMI of 7.0-9.9% and ≥10% in 1 year. Remissions per 1000 person-years were 99.2 and 91.8, respectively, for those with baseline HbA1c of 6.5-6.9 and a 10% BMI reduction and those not taking glucose-lowering drugs accompanied by a 10% BMI reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Modest weight losses of 3.0-7.9% were significantly associated with remission, but a minimum of 10% weight loss would be required in addition to an early diagnosis to achieve a 10% remission rate in clinical settings. Our results implied that remission may be expected with a relatively lower BMI in an Asian population compared with that was reported in Western populations if accompanied by weight loss.

DOI： 10.1111/dom.15206

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIMS: To determine the incidence of remission and 1-year relapse from remission and associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 48 320 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥18 years, with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and/or glucose-lowering drug prescription, were identified from databases of specialist clinics from 1989 and followed until September 2022. Remission was defined as HbA1c <48 mmol/mol at least 3 months after cessation of a glucose-lowering drug. Relapse was defined as failure to maintain remission for 1 year. Factors associated with remission and relapse were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The overall incidence of remissions per 1000 person-years was 10.5, and for those with HbA1c levels of 48 to 53 mmol/mol (6.5% to 6.9%), those taking no glucose-lowering drugs at baseline, and those with a ≥10% body mass index (BMI) reduction in 1 year, it was 27.8, 21.7 and 48.2, respectively. Shorter duration, lower baseline HbA1c, higher baseline BMI, higher BMI reduction at 1 year, and no glucose-lowering drugs at baseline were significantly associated with remission. Among 3677 persons with remission, approximately two-thirds (2490) relapsed within 1 year. Longer duration, lower BMI at baseline, and lower BMI reduction at 1 year were significantly associated with relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the incidence of remission and predictors of relapse, especially baseline BMI, might differ greatly between East Asian and Western populations. Furthermore, the relationships of BMI reduction with remission and relapse may be greater in East Asian than in Western populations, implying ethnic differences in returning from overt hyperglycaemia to nearly normal glucose levels.

DOI： 10.1111/dom.15100

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本内分泌学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本糖尿病合併症学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本糖尿病学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本動脈硬化学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本糖尿病学会  

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