Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1007/s12311-026-01974-8

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12311-026-01974-8

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Patients with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) can present with encephalitis‐like symptoms such as recurrent paroxysmal fever and unconsciousness. To date, no specific triggers for these symptoms have been reported. In our case, an 78‐year‐old woman became unconscious and developed fever after cerebral angiography. The patient had experienced four episodes of unconsciousness and fever in the past 7 years. Postangiography, she immediately became unconscious and developed fever. No vascular abnormalities were found and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed expanding white matter lesions and hyperintense lesions along the corticomedullary junction. Genetic analysis revealed an abnormal GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC. Thus, we diagnosed the patient with NIID. We suggest that cerebral angiography is a possible trigger for encephalitis‐like symptoms in NIID.

DOI： 10.1111/ncn3.12839

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Age-related microangiopathy, also known as small vessel disease (SVD), causes damage to the brain, retina, liver, and kidney. Based on the DNA damage theory of aging, we reasoned that genomic instability may underlie an SVD caused by dominant C-terminal variants in TREX1, the most abundant 3′−5′ DNA exonuclease in mammals. C-terminal TREX1 variants cause an adult-onset SVD known as retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy (RVCL or RVCL-S). In RVCL, an aberrant, C-terminally truncated TREX1 mislocalizes to the nucleus due to deletion of its ER-anchoring domain. Since RVCL pathology mimics that of radiation injury, we reasoned that nuclear TREX1 would cause DNA damage. Here, we show that RVCL-associated TREX1 variants trigger DNA damage in humans, mice, and Drosophila, and that cells expressing RVCL mutant TREX1 are more vulnerable to DNA damage induced by chemotherapy and cytokines that up-regulate TREX1, leading to depletion of TREX1-high cells in RVCL mice. RVCL-associated TREX1 mutants inhibit homology-directed repair (HDR), causing DNA deletions and vulnerablility to PARP inhibitors. In women with RVCL, we observe early-onset breast cancer, similar to patients with BRCA1/2 variants. Our results provide a mechanistic basis linking aberrant TREX1 activity to the DNA damage theory of aging, premature senescence, and microvascular disease.

DOI： 10.1038/s41467-024-49066-7

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-49066-7

Language：English  

DOI： 10.1186/s40478-023-01692-w

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

<jats:p>Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by the abnormal expansion of non-coding trinucleotide GGC repeats in NOTCH2NLC. NIID is clinically characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. To date, the relationship between expanded repeat lengths and clinical phenotype in patients with NIID remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to clarify the genetic and clinical spectrum and their association in patients with NIID. For this purpose, we genetically analyzed Japanese patients with adult-onset NIID with characteristic clinical and neuroimaging findings. Trinucleotide repeat expansions of NOTCH2NLC were examined by repeat-primed and amplicon-length PCR. In addition, long-read sequencing was performed to determine repeat size and sequence. The expanded GGC repeats ranging from 94 to 361 in NOTCH2NLC were found in all 15 patients. Two patients carried biallelic repeat expansions. There were marked heterogenous clinical and imaging features in NIID patients. Patients presenting with cerebellar ataxia or urinary dysfunction had a significantly larger GGC repeat size than those without. This significant association disappeared when these parameters were compared with the total trinucleotide repeat number. ARWMC score was significantly higher in patients who had a non-glycine-type trinucleotide interruption within expanded poly-glycine motifs than in those with a pure poly-glycine expansion. These results suggested that the repeat length and sequence in NOTCH2NLC may partly modify some clinical and imaging features of NIID.</jats:p>

DOI： 10.3390/brainsci13060955

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

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J-GLOBAL

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本神経学会  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本神経学会  

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Event date： 2026.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Event date： 2026.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 2025.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Event date： 2025.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Event date： 2025.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

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