記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY  

OBJECTIVES: Weakening of lip-closing strength (LCS) associated with an incompetent lip seal (ILS) may affect the oral balance between the lip and tongue pressures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of lip-closing training in children with lower LCS and/or abnormal habits across different age groups and to compare its effects on increasing LCS in children with malocclusion and/or oral habits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Lip-closing training was performed by 154 Japanese children aged 3-12 years using a specialized training device at home for 3 months. Children with oral habits and/or exhibiting less than standard LCS were included. LCS was measured using a digital strain force gauge at a dental clinic at the beginning (T0) and after each month (after 3 months: T3). RESULTS: Children had higher LCS responses after lip-closing training. The first month of lip-closing training was more effective than the subsequent months. With lip-closing training, the LCS increased from an average of 6.2 N (T0) to 11.4 N (T3) in Group I, 7.9 N (T0) to 12.8 N (T3) in Group II, and 6.8 N to 11.4 N in Group III. Anterior cross bite, including reverse bite, open bite, and tongue thrusting, significantly reduced training effects. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that lower LCS in children with ILS resulted in greater responses to lip-closing training in a short period, but oral dysfunction, such as abnormal habits, inhibited the positive effects of training. Our results suggest that less detrimental effects of malocclusion and abnormal oral habits lip-closing training enhances LCS in younger children.

DOI： 10.1002/cre2.490

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PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

教育問題検討委員会では、全国29歯科大学・大学歯学部の小児歯科学の講義を担当する講座を対象に、平成30年度版歯科医師国家試験出題基準の小児歯科学分野における必修の基本事項、歯科医学総論および各論の大・中・小項目の内容に関してのアンケート調査を行った。調査の結果、現状の必修および歯科医学総論の出題基準には、少なからず問題のあることがわかった。歯科医学各論に関しては、必修や総論に比べ、より具体性の高い出題基準になっていることが窺われた。必修・歯科医学総論および各論において、各々の小項目の記載がない中項目(以下、中項目とする)および小項目が小児歯科学分野の国家試験出題基準に該当するかの問いに対しては、「該当する」との回答が50%未満の中項目あるいは小項目が50%以上を占める大項目が多数認められた。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J00647&link_issn=&doc_id=20210628260005&doc_link_id=%2Fdu8shoni%2F2021%2F005902%2F005%2F0080-0094%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fdu8shoni%2F2021%2F005902%2F005%2F0080-0094%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本歯科衛生学会  

歯みがきは口腔の健康を維持するための日常的な健康習慣であり、歯科衛生士は効果的な歯みがきを目指し日々刷掃指導を行っているが、指導前後における刷掃運動の三次元的変化を明らかにした報告はない。そこで本研究では、歯ブラシの三次元的運動を簡便に計測する新システムを用いて、歯科衛生士による指導前後の運動と歯垢除去効果の変化について検討した。対象者は専門的な刷掃指導を受けていない右利きの女子大学生17名とし、初回は上顎右側第一・第二大臼歯頬側面10秒間の自由刷掃を計測するとともに、刷掃後の歯垢残存量を評価した。計測後同日に、歯科衛生士1名による刷掃指導を行い、2週間後に再度初回と同様に自由刷掃運動の計測と歯垢残存量を評価し、比較検討を行った。結果、指導前後で1ストローク時間および平均荷重には統計学的有意差は認められなかったが、歯ブラシの近遠心変位量は指導後に3.8mm減少し、有意に小さい動きに変化していた。歯垢残存量は第二大臼歯頬側面において有意に減少したが、近遠心面に近接した部位では有意差は認められなかった。すなわち、歯ブラシの運動幅が小さくなることで、最後臼歯頬側の歯垢除去量が増加するということが確認されたが、それだけでは隣接面に近接した部位の歯垢は有意に除去できないことも明らかとなり、清掃用具の選択も含め、同部の歯垢除去に特化した刷掃指導の必要性が再確認された。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本障害者歯科学会  

小児や障害児・者および要介護者の口腔衛生には、保護者または介助者による介助磨きが重要である。しかし、その発達や障害の種類・程度・体格や年齢および環境により、介助磨き時の姿勢はさまざまである。今回、日常的に介助磨きを行っている女性歯科衛生士20名を被験者とし、介助磨き時の姿勢と歯磨き運動および歯垢除去効果の関連について検討した。永久歯列模型を装着したマネキンを仰臥位と対面位の2種類に設定し、一口腔を上下顎前歯部臼歯部頬舌側の12ブロックに分割したうえで、各ブロック10秒間の介助磨き運動を計測した。計測には歯ブラシに装着した三次元加速度計およびストレインゲージを用いた。また、模型にはあらかじめ人工歯垢を塗布し、介助磨き後の歯垢残存面積を計測した。その結果、刷掃法は両姿勢ともに、前歯部舌口蓋側のみ縦磨き、他の部位はスクラッピング法であった。前歯部では両姿勢で1ストローク時間に有意差はなかったが、上顎前歯部口蓋側の三次元変位量は対面位のほうが小さかった。臼歯部では、対面位のほうが仰臥位より1ストローク時間が長く、逆に三次元変位量が小さい、すなわちリズムの遅い運動であった。また、対面位では上顎中切歯口蓋側の歯垢残存量が多かった。介助磨き時の姿勢は、環境や個人の全身および口腔内状況により制限を受けるため統一は困難である。各姿勢の特徴を理解し、より効率的な介助磨きを検討していくことが重要と考えられた。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.14958/jjsdh.39.110

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/cap.10013

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

© 2018 Japanese Association for Oral Biology Objectives: Limited biological evidence exists regarding donor–host interaction in the periodontal tissue during allogenic tooth germ transplantation. This study aimed to clarify donor–host tissue interactions during periodontal tissue healing following tooth germ transplantation. Methods: This study compared the localization of putative stem cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), Gli1, and periostin immunoreactions using pulse-chase paradigm (BrdU prenatal labeling: peritoneal pulse injections at embryonic days [E] 15–17) in TetOP–H2B–GFP mice (doxycycline administration at E14.5). The current study characterized periodontal tissue healing following allogenic tooth grafts in GFP-labeled donor or host and wild-type mice by pulse-chase paradigm and GFP, BrdU, Gli1, and periostin immunohistochemistry. Results: BrdU prenatal labeling demonstrated that dense label-retaining cells (BrdU–LRCs) disappeared from the PDL by postnatal week 2 (P2W). However, H2B–GFP–LRCs were localized in the PDL of TetOP–H2B–GFP mice during P3–8W, and Gli1-positive cells in the PDL increased at P2–3W, showing that H2B–GFP–LRCs in the PDL are derived from non-proliferating cells during E15–17. Transplanted molars formed cusps and roots and erupted into occlusion by two weeks postoperatively. The junctional epithelium and tooth-related zone of PDL were exclusively composed of donor cells, whereas the PDL alveolar-related zone was a hybrid structure of donor and host cells. Conclusions: The current tooth germ transplantation suggests that the PDL contains putative stem cells, which never proliferate during E15–17, and is composed of resident dental follicle-derived cells and other cell population.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2018.02.002

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Scopus

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

2015年度に某小児医療センター歯科診療室を受診した患者を対象に歯科治療の実態調査を行い、初診時年齢、調査時年齢、障害の種類、受診状況、受診時の歯科診療内容等について調査を行い以下の結果を得た。1.2015年度に来院した患者数(実人数)は449名、うち男性271人、女性178人であった。2.初診時年齢0〜24歳のうち、1歳が30.0%と最も多く、0〜5歳で全体の78.2%を占めていた。調査時年齢は、0〜59歳の範囲に分布し、平均年齢が16.4±8.3歳であった。3.継続受診期間は、5年以内が23.8%と最も多く、次いで10〜15年20.9%、5〜10年19.8%であった。4.患者の障害およびその原因疾患は、脳性麻痺が28.1%と最も多く、次いで広汎性発達障害が20.9%、精神発達遅滞が10.9%、ダウン症候群9.8%、その他神経系疾患9.6%、てんかん8.0%等であった。5.調査した全患者の初診時から最新受診時までにおける総受診回数は17,033回、調査対象とした処置の総回数は20,934回、うち予防填塞が33.7%と最も多く、次いで歯石除去が29.8%、修復処置が23.7%であった。6.障害によって処置内容の割合に有意差を認めたが、いずれの障害においても予防填塞、歯石除去、歯冠修復が上位3位を占めていた。7.処置内容によって、処置を受けた年齢に有意差を認めた。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2017&ichushi_jid=J00647&link_issn=&doc_id=20171201260004&doc_link_id=%2Fdu8shoni%2F2017%2F005504%2F004%2F0442-0450%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fdu8shoni%2F2017%2F005504%2F004%2F0442-0450%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本障害者歯科学会  

要旨：知的障害を伴う自閉スペクトラム症（以下，ASD）のブラッシング行動の発達過程と介助磨き時の協力状況を知る目的で，暦年齢に対するブラッシング行動の関係を通過率で調査した．加えて対象児者を療育手帳のA判定者（以下，A群），B判定者（以下，B群）に分類し同様に調査した．方法：調査の方法は面接法を用い，療育手帳の区分，保護者による介助磨きの有無，介助磨き時の協力状況，ブラッシングの自立状況について直接保護者へ口頭で質問し，「はい」と回答した者の割合をその年齢群の通過率とし年齢群間で比較した．結果：1．「介助磨きを受けている者」の割合は，全対象児者群では12～14歳群74.1％で6～11歳群94.1％より有意な減少を認めた（p＜0.05）．また，B群では12～14歳群で6～11歳群より有意に減少していた（p＜0.001）．2．「介助磨き時に協力的な者」は全対象児者群では6～11歳群で3～5歳群より有意に通過率が高く（p＜0.05），一方，A・B群での通過率は年齢群間に著しい差を認めなかった．3．「1人磨き」の通過率は，全対象児者およびB群で6～11歳群は前年齢群より有意な通過率の増加がみられた（p＜0.001，p＜0.01）．結論：知的障害を伴うASDの介助磨き時の協力状況やブラッシング行動の発達過程は，ある特定の年代で通過率が高くなっていた．一方できわめて徐々に獲得される性質をもっていた．

DOI： 10.14958/jjsdh.37.8

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016222802

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：国際組織細胞学会  

光学・電子顕微鏡を用いて、蛋白質遺伝子産物(PGP)9.5とクラスII主要組織適合遺伝子複合体分子の免疫染色より、感染歯髄の治癒過程での抗生物質に対する神経系細胞と免疫細胞の応答を検討した。ラットモデルを用いた実験では、歯髄-象牙質境界に沿って多数の樹状細胞が集積し、次いで3Mix(シプロフロキサシン・メトロニダゾール・セファクロール)含有α-リン酸三カルシウム(αTCP)の適用後に象牙芽細胞様細胞の分化とマトリックス沈着が認められた。PGP9.5活性神経線維も、3Mix含有αTCPの下の歯髄中間に集積した樹状細胞の周辺に密集して分布していた。以上より、3Mix含有αTCPを感染した歯髄に適用すると、樹状細胞が一時的に誘導されると考えられ、これらの細胞は病的状態下の象牙芽細胞様細胞の分化に際して重要な役割を果たしていると考えられた。

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：日本歯科医学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER HEIDELBERG  

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of an analysis of tooth brushing cycles using a system that measures tooth brushing motion and brushing force with an accelerometer and strain tension gage attached to a toothbrush.
Mechanical plaque removal with a manual toothbrush remains the primary method of maintaining good oral hygiene for the majority of the population. Because toothbrush motion has not been fully understood, it should be clarified by analysis of tooth brushing cycles.
Twenty healthy female dental hygienists participated in this study. Their tooth brushing motions were measured and analyzed using an American Dental Association-approved manual toothbrush to which a three-dimensional (3-D) accelerometer and strain tension gage were attached. 3-D motion and brushing force on the labial surface of the mandibular right central incisor and the lingual surface of the mandibular left first molar were measured, analyzed, and compared. Multilevel linear model analysis was applied to estimate variables and compare motion and forces related to the two tooth surfaces.
The analysis of tooth brushing cycles was feasible, and significant differences were detected for durations and 3-D ranges of toothbrush motion as well as brushing force between the two tooth surfaces.
The analysis used in this study demonstrated an ability to detect characteristics of tooth brushing motion, showing tooth brushing motion to change depending on the brushed location. These results also suggest that more detailed instructions might be required according to patient's oral condition.

DOI： 10.1007/s00784-013-1172-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：日本歯科医学会  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jdsr.2014.04.001

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cephalometric nasal soft tissue and skeletal landmarks in adults. Lateral cephalograms from Japanese adults (30 men: mean age, 24.5 +/- 4.9years; 30 women: mean age, 20.3 +/- 3.3years; overall mean age, 22.4 +/- 2.4years) were used in this study. Twenty-two skeletal points and three soft tissue nasal points were marked on each subject's lateral cephalogram, and the coordinates of all the points were systematically digitised and transformed to a standardised plane. A forward stepwise regression analysis determined how combinations of the skeletal landmarks predict the location of the nasal soft tissue landmarks. Based on the result of our research, the location of the nasal soft tissue cephalometric landmarks in our adult subjects may be predicted based on skeletal landmarks, and different skeletal landmarks predicted the position of each soft tissue landmark in the adult males and females in this study.

DOI： 10.1080/00450618.2013.877079

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本障害者歯科学会  

障がい児・者や要介護者において、口腔衛生状態を維持・改善するためには、ブラッシングはきわめて重要である。しかし、ブラッシング運動を計測し、その結果を評価し指導に還元するという試みは限られている。そこで本研究は、ブラッシング運動を簡便に計測する目的で、歯ブラシの三次元的運動と荷重を同時解析するシステムを構築し、歯科衛生士20名によるブラッシング時の歯ブラシの運動および荷重について検討した。本システムは、歯ブラシにストレインゲージおよび三次元加速度計を装着し、パーソナルコンピュータ(Windows)に入力された加速度データを変位データに変換し、荷重データと同時解析を行えるように構築した。被験歯面は上顎左側中切歯と下顎左側第一大臼歯の唇頬側面とし、10秒間の自由刷掃をおのおの2回ずつ計測した。得られた全ストロークから、典型的なストロークを選択して解析したところ、平均ストローク時間は0.23秒、三次元移動距離が15.5mm、荷重範囲が75.1gであった。また、同じ運動のサイクル間または計測間変動は個人間変動より小さく、個人特有のブラッシングサイクルを持っていることが示唆された。さらに、歯種により歯ブラシの移動距離が異なることも明らかとなった。したがって、本システムはブラッシング時の歯ブラシの運動の特徴を明らかにする可能性を有しており、障がい児・者や要介護者のブラッシング運動の評価ツールとして使用しうる可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)デンタルダイヤモンド社  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Human dental pulp contains adult stem cells. Our recent study demonstrated the localization of putative dental pulp stem/progenitor cells in the rat developing molar by chasing 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeling. However, there are no available data on the localization of putative dental pulp stem/progenitor cells in the mouse molar. This study focuses on the mapping of putative dental pulp stem/progenitor cells in addition to the relationship between cell proliferation and differentiation in the developing molar using BrdU-labeling. Numerous proliferating cells appeared in the tooth germ and the most active cell proliferation in the mesenchymal cells occurred in the prenatal stages, especially on embryonic Day 15 (E15). Cell proliferation in the pulp tissue dramatically decreased in number by postnatal Day 3 (P3) when nestin-positive odontoblasts were arranged in the cusped areas and disappeared after postnatal Week 1 (P1W). Root dental papilla included numerous proliferating cells during P5 to P2W. Three to four intraperitoneal injections of BrdU were given to pregnant ICR mice and revealed slow-cycling long-term label-retaining cells (LRCs) in the mature tissues of postnatal animals. Numerous dense LRCs postnatally decreased in number and reached a plateau after P1W when they mainly resided in the center of the dental pulp, associating with blood vessels. Furthermore, numerous dense LRCs co-expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers such as STRO-1 and CD146. Thus, dense LRCs in mature pulp tissues were believed to be dental pulp stem/progenitor cells harboring in the perivascular niche surrounding the endothelium.

DOI： 10.1007/s00441-012-1347-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Head rotation is coordinated with mandibular movement during mouth opening, and the range of head rotation and mouth opening change with food size. However, past research did not include upper body movement, and no reports have related head and mandibular movement during realistic eating. The purpose of this study was to analyse head and mandibular movements with intake of different-sized food pieces during realistic eating.
The test food consisted of apple cut into two different cube sizes (10 mm and 20 mm). Head and mandibular movements of 20 healthy young adults eating the apple pieces were simultaneously recorded in three dimensions by a wireless opto-electronic system. Reflective markers were attached to the upper lip and chin to measure the mouth opening range. Five markers were attached to eyeglasses frames to measure linear motion and rotation of the head. One marker was attached to the jugular notch of the sternum to measure linear motion of the upper body. Linear motion, and the inclination angle of the head and upper body, and mouth opening range were compared during intake of different-sized apple pieces.
Mouth opening, head-neck rotation angle and the amount of upper body forward translation and inclination increased with larger apple pieces. However, isolated relative head motion was stabilized. We conclude that upper body forward motion and head-neck rotation assist mouth opening whilst stabilizing head orientation, and that the range of head-neck rotation angle, upper body translation and range of mouth opening change with food size during realistic eating. (C) 2011. Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.08.023

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Objective: Occlusal contact area (OCA) is most important during the occlusal phase when food particles are being pulverized. OCA is most easily measured statically at the maximum intercuspal position (ICP). However, the assumption of coincidence between dynamic maximum closing position (MCP) and statically determined ICP has not been previously tested. The purpose of this study is to introduce a method of quantifying OCA of all teeth during dynamic mastication to determine whether the OCA at the dynamic MCP during chewing is similar to the statically determined maximum possible OCA.
Design: Thirteen healthy females participated in this study. Morphologic tooth shape data were measured from dental models using an automatic 3D digitizer. Mandibular movement during gum chewing was recorded using an optoelectronic analysis system with 6 degrees of freedom, and ten cycles were selected for analysis. The dynamic OCA was estimated with a measurement system combining 3D tracking of mandibular movements with 3D digitization of tooth shape.
Results: The estimated mean 3D difference between the incisor position at ICP and MCP was 0.129 mm. At the dynamic MCP, the maximum OCA was 98.5% (68.42 mm(2)) of the maximum possible contact area in the static ICP (69.46 mm(2)). Both between-subject and within-subject variation were least at the dynamic MCP.
Conclusion: The maximum OCA during chewing is nearly identical to statically determined maximum possible OCA. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.07.004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH PRESS LTD  

Our recent study has demonstrated the localization of putative dental pulp stem cells in the developing molar by chasing 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeling. However, their differentiation capacity subsequent to the tooth transplantation remains to be elucidated. This study aims to clarify the differentiation capacity of -BrdU label-retaining dental pulp cells and their relationship to cell proliferation and apoptosis during pulpal healing following allogenic transplantation in mice. Following extraction of the mouse molar in BrdU-labeled animals, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allo-grafted into the sublingual region in non-labeled animals, and vice versa. In the labeled transplants, label-retaining cells (L-RCs) were increased in number and committed in nestin-positive newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells, whereas they were not committed in osteoblast-like cells. In the labeled host, on the contrary, LRCs were committed in neither odontoblast- nor osteoblast-like cells, although they were transiently increased in number and finally disappeared in the pulp tissue of the transplants. Interestingly, numerous apoptotic cells appeared in the pulp tissue including LRCs during the experimental period. These results suggest that transplanted LRCs maintain their proliferative and differentiation capacity in spite of extensive apoptosis occurring in the transplant, whereas transiently increased host-derived LRCs finally disappear in the pulp chamber following apoptosis.

DOI： 10.2220/biomedres.32.247

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CHROMA INC  

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that condylar shape varies based upon the condition of anterior disk displacement in young adolescent patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The study design consisted of 96 juvenile female patients (aged 9 to 20; 15.1 +/- 2.3 yrs.) with clinical signs and/or symptoms of TMD. Bilateral high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in frontal and horizontal views with the mandible in the closed position. Disk positions were evaluated to classify the patients into three diagnostic groups. The results of the study, using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests, demonstrated significant differences among the groups. The conclusion drawn from the study was that condylar shape and size vary based on anterior disk position in juvenile females with TMD. The study's results suggest that disk displacement results in a smaller condyle.

DOI： 10.1179/crn.2011.018

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.73.165

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：International Society of Histology & Cytology  

α-tricalcium phosphate (a TCP) with the addition of antimicrobials such as ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and cefaclor (3Mix) has been applied to sterilize the infected dentin and pulp in vivo. Both clinical and animal experiments have shown that 3Mix is effective for sterilizing infected tissues. However, the responses of the infected dental pulp to 3Mix remain to be fully determined at the cellular level. This study aims to clarify the responses of neural elements and immune cells to antimicrobials during the healing process of infected pulp using immunohistochemistry for protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules using both light and electron microscopy. An artificial pulp exposure was prepared on the maxillary molar of 14-week-old rats and maintained without any treatment for 12 - 24 h. Subsequently, the exposed pulp was covered with αTCP or α TCP containing 3Mix, followed with glass ionomer cement. A pulp abscess lacking both dendritic cells and PGP 9.5-reactive nerve fibers was induced after pulp capping with α TCP; in contrast, numerous dendritic cells accumulated along the pulp-dentin border followed by the differentiation of odontoblast - like cells and matrix deposition after the application of α TCP containing 3Mix. PGP 9.5-reactive nerve fibers were also densely distributed and surrounded the accumulated dendritic cells in the medial dental pulp beneath α TCP containing 3Mix. The findings indicate that the application of α TCP containing 3Mix to the infected pulp induces an intense accumulation of dendritic cells, suggesting that these cells play crucial roles in the differentiation of odontoblast like cells under pathological conditions. © 2011, International Society of Histology and Cytology. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.73.165

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Recent studies have demonstrated that human dental pulp contains adult stem cells. A pulse of the thymidine analog BrdU given to young animals at the optimal time could clarify where slow-cycling long-term label-retaining cells (LRCs), putative adult stem cells, reside in the pulp tissue. This study focuses on the mapping of LRCs in growing teeth and their regenerative capacity after tooth injuries. Two to seven peritoneal injections of BrdU into pregnant Wistar rats revealed slow-cycling long-term dense LRCs in the mature tissues of born animals. Numerous dense LRCs were postnatally decreased in number and reached a plateau at 4 weeks after birth when they mainly resided in the center of the dental pulp, associating with blood vessels. Mature dental pulp cells were stained with Hoechst 33342 and sorted into (< 0.76%) side population cells using FACS, which included dense LRCs. Some dense LRCs co-expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers such as STRO-1 or CD146. Tooth injuries caused degeneration of the odontoblast layer, and newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells contained LRCs. Thus, dense LRCs in mature pulp tissues were supposed to be dental pulp stem cells possessing regenerative capacity for forming newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells. The present study proposes the new hypothesis that both granular and dense LRCs are equipped in the dental pulp and that the dense LRCs with proliferative capacity play crucial roles in the pulpal healing process following exogenous stimuli in cooperation with the granular LRCs.

DOI： 10.1007/s00418-010-0727-5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-LISS  

Autogenic tooth transplantation is now a common procedure in dentistry for replacing a missing tooth. However, there are many difficulties in clinical application of allogenic tooth transplantation because of immunological rejection. This study aims to clarify pulpal regeneration following allogenic tooth transplantation into the mouse maxilla by immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and nestin, and by the histochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The upper right first molar (M1) of 2-week-old mice was extracted and allografted in the original socket in both the littermate and non-littermate after the extraction of M1. Tooth transplantation weakened the nestin-positive reactions in the pulp tissue that had shown immunoreactivity for nestin before operation. On postoperative Days 5-7, tertiary dentin formation commenced next to the preexisting dentin where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged in all cases of the littermate group until Day 14, except for one case showing immunological rejection in the pulp chamber. In the non-littermate group, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber in addition to tertiary dentin formation until Day 14. The rate of tertiary dentin was 38%, and the rate of the mixed form of dentin and bone-like tissue formation was 23% (the remainder was immunological rejection). Interestingly, the periodontal tissue recovered even in the case of immunological rejection in which the pulp chamber was replaced by sparse connective tissue. These results suggest that the selection of littermate or non-littermate is decisive for the survival of odontoblast-lineage cells and that the immunological rejection does not influence the periodontal regeneration. Anat Rec, 292:570-579, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ar.20831

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：INT SOC HISTOLOGY & CYTOLOGY  

Continuously growing rodent incisors have a special epithelial structure for maintaining adult stem cells that shows a bulbous epithelial protrusion at the apical end and is referred to as an "apical bud". Guinea pig cheek teeth (premolars and molars), also continuously growing teeth, have a complex crown shape consisting of plural cusps. The present study clarifies the existence of apical buds in guinea pig premolars/molars as it examines the relationship between the crown shape and the orientation of the apical buds by micro-computed tomography (mu-CT) and immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). One premolar and three molar teeth in each side of the maxillae and mandibles assumed characteristic features: each horizontally-sectioned tooth showing a complex zigzag shape was composed of a core of dentin covered by a layer of enamel on all axial surfaces except the buccal of the uppers and the lingual of the lowers. Furthermore, four bulbous epithelial protrusions-including the stellate reticulum were recognized in the apical end of each tooth, where slow-cycling long-term label-retaining cells resided 20 days after a peritoneal injection of BrdU. These data indicate that guinea pig premolars/molars have four apical buds where the epithelial adult stem cells reside. In contrast, rodent incisors, which show a single cone appearance, are covered by enamel on the labial side and possess only one apical bud. The results of this study suggest that plural apical buds, being arranged bucco-lingually and mesio-distally, produce the crown mold in a zigzag fashion.

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.71.317

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC  

Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin under pathological conditions such as tooth replantation/transplantation. This study aims to clarify the capability of dental pulp to elaborate bone tissue in addition to dentin by allogenic tooth transplantation using immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. After extraction of the molars of 3-week-old mice, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allografted into the sublingual region in a littermate. In addition, we studied the contribution of donor and host cells to the regenerated pulp tissue using a combination of allogenic tooth transplantation and lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice. On Days 5-7, tubular dentin formation started next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until Day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where intense tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells appeared. Furthermore, allogenic transplantation using ROSA26 mice clearly showed that both donor and host cells differentiated into osteoblast-like cells with the assistance of osteoclast-lineage cells, whereas newly differentiated odontoblasts were exclusively derived from donor cells. These results suggest that the odontoblast and osteoblast lineage cells reside in the dental pulp and that both donor and host cells contribute to bone-like tissue formation in the regenerated pulp tissue. (J Histochem Cytochem 56:1075-1086, 2008)

DOI： 10.1369/jhc.2008.951558

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Odontoblast-lineage cells acquire heat-shock protein (HSP)-25-immunoreactivity (IR) after they complete their cell division, suggesting that this protein acts as a switch between cell proliferation and differentiation during tooth development. However, there are few available data concerning the relationship between cell proliferation and differentiation following cavity preparation. The present study aims to clarify the expression of HSP-25 in the odontoblast-lineage cells with their proliferative activity after cavity preparation by immunocytochemistry for HSP-25 and cell proliferation assay using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. In untreated control teeth, intense HSP-25-IR was found in odontoblasts and some subodontoblastic mesenchymal cells. Cavity preparation caused the destruction of odontoblasts and the disappearance of HSP-25-IR was conspicuous at the affected site, although some cells retained HSP-25-IR and subsequently most of them disappeared from the pulp-dentin border by postoperative day 1. Contrary, some subodontoblastic mesenchymal cells with weak HSP-25-IR began to take the place of degenerated cells, although no proliferative activity was recognizable in the dental pulp. Interestingly, proliferative cells in the dental pulp significantly increased in number on day 2 when the newly differentiating cells already arranged along the pulp-dentin border, and continued their proliferative activity in the wide range of the pulp tissue until day 5. These findings indicate that progenitor cells equipped in the subodontoblastic layer firstly migrate and differentiate into new odontoblast-like cells to compensate for the loss of the odontoblast layer, and subsequently the reorganization of dental pulp was completed by active proliferation of the mesenchymal cells occurring in a wide range of pulp tissue.

DOI： 10.1007/s00418-008-0438-3

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

症例は7歳9ヵ月の男児で、パノラマX線写真上で両側下顎第二大臼歯近接部に円錐形の放射線不透過性の物質を認め、これらと第二大臼歯の位置関係をCTを用いて検索した。CT像上、2本の過剰歯は未萠出の両側第二大臼歯の頬側上部に位置し、歯尖は舌方向を向いていた。これらの過剰歯が第二大臼歯の萠出を妨害する可能性があるため、診断から2年4ヵ月後、第二大臼歯の歯冠形成の完成を待って、根形成開始後にこれらを外科的に抜去した。その後、第二大臼歯は通常の年齢に萠出し、生歯内に正常な整列が得られた。下顎の過剰歯は稀であり、特に若年者の埋伏過剰歯による両側第二大臼歯萠出妨害に対する萠出誘導の報告は、著者等の知る限り本例が最初である。

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

The dentin-pulp complex is capable of repair after tooth injuries including dental procedures. However, few data are available concerning aged changes in pulpal reactions to such injuries. The present study aimed to clarify the capability of defense in aged pulp by investigating the responses of odontoblasts and cells positive for class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) to cavity preparation in aged rat molars (300-360 days) and by comparing the results with those in young adult rats (100 days). In untreated control teeth, immunoreactivity for intense heat-shock protein (HSP)-25 and nestin was found in odontoblasts, whereas class-II-MHC-positive cells were densely distributed in the periphery of the pulp. Cavity preparation caused two types of pulpal reactions based on the different extent of damage in the aged rats. In the case of severe damage, destruction of the odontoblast layer was conspicuous at the affected site. By 12 h after cavity preparation, numerous class-II-MHC-positive cells appeared along the pulp-dentin border but subsequently disappeared together with HSP-25-immunopositive cells, and finally newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells took the place of the degenerated odontoblasts and acquired immunoreactivity for HSP-25 and nestin by postoperative day 3. In the case of mild damage, no remarkable changes occurred in odontoblasts after operation, and some survived through the experimental stages. These findings indicate that aged pulp tissue still possesses a defense capacity, and that a variety of reactions can occur depending on the difference in the status of dentinal tubules and/or odontoblast processes in individuals.

DOI： 10.1007/s00441-006-0230-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.09.008

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/jemt.10289

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.01622.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Recent studies have established that heat shock proteins (HSPs) potentially play a role in immunosurveillance. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between the chronological changes of immunocompetent cells and the expression of HSP-25 in the process of pulpal regeneration after tooth injury in rat molars by immunocytochemistry for HSP-25 and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen. in untreated control teeth, intense HSP-25 immunoreactivity was found in the cell bodies of odontoblasts. Both cavity preparation and tooth replantation caused the degeneration of the odontoblast layer to result in the loss of HSP-25 immunoreactions in the suffered dental pulp at the early stages after tooth injury. Numerous class II MHC-positive cells appeared along the pulp-dentin border and extended their cell processes into the dentinal tubules at 12-24 h after cavity preparation and 3 days after tooth replantation. Newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells with HSP-25 immunoreactivity were arranged at the pulp-dentin border and the class II MHC-positive cells retreated towards the subodontoblastic layer by post-operative days 3-5 after tooth injury. Thus, the common cellular events occur during pulpal regeneration following two different experimental injuries. These findings indicate that the time course of changes in the expression of HSP-25 immunoreactivity reflects the degeneration/regeneration process of odontoblasts and that the temporal appearance of the class II MHC-positive cells at the pulp-dentin border suggests their participation in odontoblast differentiation as well as in initial defence reactions during the pulpal regeneration process.

DOI： 10.1093/jmicro/52.6.581

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/03008200290000736

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The present immunocytochemical study reports on the expression of heat-shock protein (Hsp) 25 during odontogenesis in rat molars from postnatal 1 to 100 days. Hsp 25 immunoreactivity (IR) appeared in the immature dental mesenchymal cells and the differentiating and differentiated odontoblasts. At 30 days, the coronal odontoblasts retained intense Hsp25-IR, whereas the odontoblasts in the root and floor pulp were initially weak or negative but increased in IR in the later stages, indicating that the expression of Hsp 25 reflects the differentiation status of odontoblasts. During amelogenesis, the secretory ameloblasts were Hsp 25 immunopositive and the enamel free area (EFA) cells showed intense Hsp 25-IR when they developed a ruffled border. Ruffle-ended ameloblasts (RA) also consistently showed intense Hsp 25-IR, but smooth ended ameloblasts (SA) showed weak IR. These data suggest that Hsp 25 is related to the formation and maintenance of the ruffled border of RA and EFA cells.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.64.493

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.64.425

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.64.369

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02458-1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

The expression of immunoreactivities for superoxide dismutases (SODs), Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD. was immunohistochemically investigated in the lingual periodontal ligament and toe pads of adult rats. Immunocytochemistry for SODs revealed that the axon terminals of both the periodontal Ruffini endings and cutaneous Meissner's corpuscles showed mitochondrial Mn-SOD immunoreactivity, but not cytosolic Cu/Zn-SOD immunoreactivity, indicating Mn-SOD is a useful marker for identifying the mechanoreceptors. It is likely that Mn-SOD in the axon terminals of mechanoreceptors exerts protective action against nerve injury and neuronal death under severe conditions, serving to scavenge free radicals from the axon terminals. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02458-1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER-VERLAG  

Responses of immunocompetent cells to tooth replantation during the regeneration process of the dental pulp in rat molars were investigated by immunocytochemistry using antibodies to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (OX6 antibody), monocyte/macrophage lineage cells (ED1 antibody) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), as well as by histochemical reaction for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Tooth replantation caused an increase in both the number of OX6- and ED1-positive cells and their immunointensity in the replanted pulp, but almost all PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerves diminished in the initial stages. By postoperative day 3, many OX6- and ED1-immunopositive cells had accumulated along the pulp-dentin border to extend their cytoplasmic processes into the dentinal tubules in successful cases. Once reparative dentin formation had begun after postoperative day 7, OX6- and ED1-immmunopositive cells became scattered in the odontoblast layer, while reinnervation was found in the coronal pulp. The temporal appearance of these immunocompetent cells at the pulp-dentin border suggests their participation in odontoblast differentiation as well as in initial defense reactions during the pulpal regeneration process. On postoperative day 14, the replanted pulp showed three regeneration patterns: (1) reparative dentin, (2) bone-like tissue formation, and (3) an intermediate form between these. In all cases, PAS-reactive cells such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) and mesenchymal cells occurred in the pulp space. However, the prolonged stagnation of inflammatory cells was also discernible in the latter two cases. Thus, the findings on PAS reaction suggest that the migration of the dental follicle-derived cells into the pulp space and the subsequent total death of the proper pulpal cells are decisive factors for eliciting bone-like tissue formation in the replanted pulp.

DOI： 10.1007/s004410000263

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

The postnatal development of the terminal Schwann cell, an analogue of the lamellar cell in cutaneous sensory receptors, was examined by histochemistry for non-specific cholinesterase and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein in the periodontal Ruffini endings of the rat incisor. Double immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was also performed to examine the relationship between terminal Schwann cells and axons. Histochemistry for non-specific cholinesterase was able to demonstrate the age-related development of the terminal Schwann cells. the morphology and distribution of the developing terminal Schwann cells became almost identical to those in adults during postnatal days 15-18. Axons showing PGP 9.5-like immunoreactivity elongated and expanded after arrangement of terminal Schwann cells in the alveolus-related part. This suggests that the terminal Schwann cell is important in the development and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02463-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

The postnatal development of the terminal Schwann cell, an analogue of the lamellar cell in cutaneous sensory receptors, was examined by histochemistry for non-specific cholinesterase and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein in the periodontal Ruffini endings of the rat incisor. Double immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was also performed to examine the relationship between terminal Schwann cells and axons. Histochemistry for non-specific cholinesterase was able to demonstrate the age-related development of the terminal Schwann cells. the morphology and distribution of the developing terminal Schwann cells became almost identical to those in adults during postnatal days 15-18. Axons showing PGP 9.5-like immunoreactivity elongated and expanded after arrangement of terminal Schwann cells in the alveolus-related part. This suggests that the terminal Schwann cell is important in the development and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)02463-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：INT SOC HISTOLOGY & CYTOLOGY  

The present immunocytochemical study examined the localization of Trk B, a high affinity neurotrophin receptor, in the neural elements of the periodontal ligament of the rat incisor. In light microscopy, the immunoreactivity was demonstrated in dendritic profiles in the alveolar half of the periodontal ligament. Their location and morphological features indicated that they were periodontal Ruffini endings. Occasional rounded cells associated with periodontal Ruffini endings, which had immunonegative kidney-shaped nuclei, were immunoreactive; these were judged to be terminal Schwann cells. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed the heterogeneous localization of Trk B among individual Ruffini endings. Some terminal Schwann cells contained immunoreactive products for Trk B in the cytoplasm, while others did not. Similarly, a part of the Schwann sheaths covering the axon terminals showed Trk B immunoreactivity. Most axon terminals associated with periodontal Ruffini endings were immunopositive for Trk B, though a few of them were immunonegative. The ordinary Schwann cells did not contain Trk B immunoreactive products. These findings imply that Trk B is required for the maintenance of periodontal Ruffini endings, The different expression pattern of Trk B suggests that neuronal and glial elements comprising individual periodontal Ruffini endings are subject to heterogeneous conditions with regard to the requirement of Trk B.

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH  

The periodontal ligament receives a rich sensory nerve supply and contains many nociceptors and mechanoreceptors. Although its various kinds of mechanoreceptors have been reported in the past, only recently have studies revealed that the Ruffini endings-categorized as low-threshold, slowly adapting, type II mechanoreceptors-are the primary mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament. The periodontal Ruffini endings display dendritic ramifications with expanded terminal buttons and. Furthermore, are ultrastructurally characterized by expanded axon terminals filled with many mitochondria and by an association with terminal or lamellar Schwann cells. The axon terminals of the periodontal Ruffini endings have finger-like projections called axonal spines or microspikes, which extend into the surrounding tissue to detect the deformation of collagen fibers. The functional basis of the periodontal Ruffini endings has been analyzed by histochemical techniques. Histochemically, the axon terminals are reactive for cytochrome oxidase activity, and the terminal Schwann cells have both non-specific cholinesterase and acid phosphatase activity. On the other hand, many investigations have suggested that the Ruffini endings have a high potential for neuroplasticity. For example, immunoreactivity for p75-NGFR (low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor) and GAP-43 (growth-associated protein-43), both of which play important roles in nerve regeneration/development processes, have been reported in the periodontal Ruffini endings, even in adult animals (though these proteins are usually repressed or down-regulated in mature neurons). Furthermore. in experimental studies on nerve injury to the inferior alveolar nerve, the degeneration of Ruffini endings takes place immediately after nerve injury, with regeneration beginning from 3 to 5 days later, and the distribution and terminal morphology returning to almost normal at around 14 days. During regeneration. some regenerating Ruffini endings expressed neuropeptide Y, which is rarely observed in normal animals. On the other hand, the periodontal Ruffini endings show stage-specific configurations which are closely related to tooth eruption and the addition of occlusal forces to the tooth during postnatal development, suggesting that mechanical stimuli due to tooth eruption and occlusion are a prerequisite for the differentiation and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. Further investigations are needed to clarify the involvement of growth factors in the molecular mechanisms of the development and regeneration processes of the Ruffini endings.

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記述言語：英語  

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DOI： 10.1007/s004410051221

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00872-6

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DOI： 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199812)252:4<519::AID-AR3>3.0.CO;2-I

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：International Society of Histology and Cytology  

The distribution and ultrastructure of the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen-expressing cells in the pulp tissue of human deciduous teeth during the process of physiological root resorption was surveyed by histochemical and immunocytochemical methods using an anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR-monoclonal antibody. Dental pulp was found to contain numerous HLA-DR-positive cells of various shapes; those showing a dendritic appearance were located mainly in the periphery of the pulp tissue, associated closely with the odontoblasts. The immunopositive cells sometimes extended their cytoplasmic processes into the dentinal tubules and increased in number in the areas affected by dental caries, attrition or restorative procedures, implicating their role in immunosurveillance.<br>The immunopositive cells were located consistently at the pulp-dentin border during the stage of active resorption, adjacent to the preodontoclasts or odontoclasts, and covered the exposed dentin surface after the detachment of the odontoclasts until the onset of cementum formation. These data suggest that the HLA-DR-immunopositive cells in the coronal pulp of human deciduous teeth play an inductive role in the differentiation, migration and/or activation of the odontoclasts and cementoblast-like cells during the stages of tooth resorption.

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.61.1

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/1998181766

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We report a rare case of eruption disturbance of the bilateral second molars caused by supernumerary teeth in a 7-year-old Japanese boy. The supernumerary teeth were detected by radiographic examination. Computed tomography (CT) was used to examine the positional relationship of the supernumerary teeth and neighboring second molars. CT images showed conical-shaped supernumerary teeth on the upper buccal side of the unerupted mandibular second molars. The cusps of the supernumerary teeth pointed toward the lingual side. Because the two supernumerary teeth threatened to disturb the eruption of the second molars, they were surgically removed at 2 years and 4 months after diagnosis. After removal of the supernumerary teeth, the mandibular second molars erupted at a normal age and aligned normally within the dentition. To the best of our knowledge, this is only one case report of eruption guidance for eruption disturbances of the bilateral second molars caused by supernumerary teeth. Key words Computed tomography, Eruption disturbance, Eruption guidance, Molar, Supernumerary teeth. © 2007, The Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.11411/pdj.17.100

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-LISS  

Postnatal development of Ruffini endings was ultrastructurally investigated in the upper incisors of the rat from 1 day to 60 days after birth by means of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) immunocytochemistry. The immunostaining with PGP 9.5 antibody clearly demonstrated chronological alterations of the distribution and ultrastructure of the Ruffini endings during postnatal development. At 1 day after birth, the PGP 9.5-positive nerve terminals contained a few mitochondria and vesicles immunonegative for PGP 9.5. Dendritic terminals appeared at 4 days after birth, with a small number of expanded or bulbous portions. These expanded portions possessed morphological features similar to those of the growth cone: several mitochondria and various kinds of vesicles. Typical Ruffini endings with dendritic ramification and expanded portions appeared 7-11 days after birth. At this stage, parts of the axon terminals extended through the slits of Schwann cell covering and formed finger-like projections called axonal spines. These Ruffini endings increased dramatically in number after 24-26 days and were identical in density and morphology to those seen in adult rats. After the commencement of the occlusion between the incisors, the number of large mitochondria increased, in contrast to the decrease of the vesicles in the axon terminals. Moreover, the axonal spines increased both in number and in length. Thus, the periodontal nerve endings showed stage-specific morphological features intimately related in timing to tooth eruption and occlusion. Functional stimuli possibly contribute to the final differentiation and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/cne.903620409

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-LISS  

Postnatal development of Ruffini endings was ultrastructurally investigated in the upper incisors of the rat from 1 day to 60 days after birth by means of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) immunocytochemistry. The immunostaining with PGP 9.5 antibody clearly demonstrated chronological alterations of the distribution and ultrastructure of the Ruffini endings during postnatal development. At 1 day after birth, the PGP 9.5-positive nerve terminals contained a few mitochondria and vesicles immunonegative for PGP 9.5. Dendritic terminals appeared at 4 days after birth, with a small number of expanded or bulbous portions. These expanded portions possessed morphological features similar to those of the growth cone: several mitochondria and various kinds of vesicles. Typical Ruffini endings with dendritic ramification and expanded portions appeared 7-11 days after birth. At this stage, parts of the axon terminals extended through the slits of Schwann cell covering and formed finger-like projections called axonal spines. These Ruffini endings increased dramatically in number after 24-26 days and were identical in density and morphology to those seen in adult rats. After the commencement of the occlusion between the incisors, the number of large mitochondria increased, in contrast to the decrease of the vesicles in the axon terminals. Moreover, the axonal spines increased both in number and in length. Thus, the periodontal nerve endings showed stage-specific morphological features intimately related in timing to tooth eruption and occlusion. Functional stimuli possibly contribute to the final differentiation and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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記述言語：日本語  

DOI： 10.11411/jspd1963.33.5_903

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DOI： 10.11411/jspd1963.32.3_624

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：INT SOC HISTOLOGY & CYTOLOGY  

The postnatal development of innervation in the lingual periodontal ligament of rat incisors was investigated by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), a neuron-specific protein.
Immunostaining with the antibody enabled the clear demonstration of chronological alteration in the distribution and maturation of nerve terminals after birth. At 1 day after birth, thick nerve fibers showing PGP 9.5-immunoreactivity first appeared in the loose connective tissue corresponding to the future periodontal ligament, without forming an apparent terminal structure. At 4 days, two portions became distinguishable in the lingual periodontal ligament: alveolus- and tooth-related parts being comparable to those in the adult ligament. The immunoreactive nerve fibers increased in density and appeared to extend more incisally. Those restricted to the alveolus-related part showed ramifications with a small number of expanded or bulbous portions, and terminated among the periodontal fibers. Characteristic dendritic and expanded terminals, similar to Ruffini endings in the adult ligaments, began to occur in the lingual periodontal ligament at 7 days after birth and gradually increased in number until day 11 when the incisal edges emerged in the oral cavity. At approximately 15 days after birth, nerve endings possessing morphological features similar to Ruffini endings in adult rats were recognizable in the entire length of the periodontal ligament. After the eruption of first molars, the periodontal Ruffini endings drastically increased in number, and by the time the occlusion between the first molars was established, became identical in distribution and density to those seen in the lingual periodontal ligament of adult rat incisors.
These findings suggest that the mechanical stimuli due to tooth eruption and occlusion might be a prerequisite for the final differentiation and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings.

DOI： 10.1679/aohc.56.385

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟大学  

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/1995108707

DOI： 10.11411/jspd1963.30.5_1074

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DOI： 10.11411/jspd1963.28.4_1109

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本障害者歯科学会  

小児や障害児・者および要介護者の口腔衛生には、保護者または介助者による介助磨きが重要である。しかし、その発達や障害の種類・程度・体格や年齢および環境により、介助磨き時の姿勢はさまざまである。今回、日常的に介助磨きを行っている女性歯科衛生士20名を被験者とし、介助磨き時の姿勢と歯磨き運動および歯垢除去効果の関連について検討した。永久歯列模型を装着したマネキンを仰臥位と対面位の2種類に設定し、一口腔を上下顎前歯部臼歯部頬舌側の12ブロックに分割したうえで、各ブロック10秒間の介助磨き運動を計測した。計測には歯ブラシに装着した三次元加速度計およびストレインゲージを用いた。また、模型にはあらかじめ人工歯垢を塗布し、介助磨き後の歯垢残存面積を計測した。その結果、刷掃法は両姿勢ともに、前歯部舌口蓋側のみ縦磨き、他の部位はスクラッピング法であった。前歯部では両姿勢で1ストローク時間に有意差はなかったが、上顎前歯部口蓋側の三次元変位量は対面位のほうが小さかった。臼歯部では、対面位のほうが仰臥位より1ストローク時間が長く、逆に三次元変位量が小さい、すなわちリズムの遅い運動であった。また、対面位では上顎中切歯口蓋側の歯垢残存量が多かった。介助磨き時の姿勢は、環境や個人の全身および口腔内状況により制限を受けるため統一は困難である。各姿勢の特徴を理解し、より効率的な介助磨きを検討していくことが重要と考えられた。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2018&ichushi_jid=J02489&link_issn=&doc_id=20180719260005&doc_link_id=%2Fcp2disab%2F2018%2F003902%2F002%2F0110-0118%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fcp2disab%2F2018%2F003902%2F002%2F0110-0118%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本障害者歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

歯ブラシによる歯垢除去量は、歯ブラシの動かし方の「巧みさ」が極めて大きな影響を与える。従って電動歯ブラシや手用歯ブラシについての疫学的調査や臨床的研究において、これを評価する規格が必要であることが示唆されている。「手用歯ブラシの形状・設計」「電動歯ブラシ」「手用歯ブラシのテクニック」「歯ブラシの刷掃力(圧)」「1回当たりの歯磨きの時間」「歯垢除去効果に関する臨床研究」「歯磨剤」「高齢者あるいは障害児・者の口腔衛生」「保護者・養育者等への歯磨き指導」「著者らの取り組み」について述べた。

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：成育歯科医療研究会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：医歯薬出版(株)  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

＜Key Points＞(1)乳歯の重篤なむし歯や外傷は、後継永久歯の早期萠出、萠出遅延、萠出方向の異常、形成不全などを招くことが少なくない。(2)萠出の障害は周囲の歯や歯列全体の歯ならびにも影響を及ぼす。(3)治療の第1選択は原因の除去であるが、自然な萠出が期待できない場合は萠出を導く必要がある。(4)早期に小児歯科専門医を受診することが望ましい。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東京臨床出版(株)  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本解剖学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ヒョーロン・パブリッシャーズ  

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2009113196

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本解剖学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本解剖学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本解剖学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公財)大和証券ヘルス財団  

高齢者の歯髄の免疫防御能を明らかにする基礎的データを提供するために,ネズミ(ラット)の歯を用いて歯髄を口腔内に開放して感染を起こした後の抗菌性薬剤に対する歯髄反応を,初期免疫防御反応に重要な役割を果たす抗原提示細胞のマーカーを用いて免疫細胞化学的に明らかにするとともに,幼若ラットと高齢ラットで歯牙切削に対する歯髄の反応性の違いについて検索した.抗菌性薬剤添加により感染歯髄が再生し,歯髄・象牙境への抗原提示細胞の集積が歯髄再生の必須の過程であることが明らかとなった.さらに,高齢ラットにおいて歯髄免疫防御・修復機能が保持されている事が明らかとなったが,窩洞形成後に象牙芽細胞の反応性の違いが観察され,加齢により象牙芽細胞突起の状態が変化する可能性が示唆された

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

The present immunocytochemical study reports on the expression of heat-shock protein (Hsp) 25 during odontogenesis in rat molars from postnatal 1 to 100 days. Hsp 25 immunoreactivity (IR) appeared in the immature dental mesenchymal cells and the differentiating and differentiated odontoblasts. At 30 days, the coronal odontoblasts retained intense Hsp 25-IR, whereas the odontoblasts in the root and floor pulp were initially weak or negative but increased in IR in the later stages, indicating that the expression of Hsp 25 reflects the differentiation status of odontoblasts. During amelogenesis, the secretory ameloblasts were Hsp 25 immunopositive and the enamel free area (EFA) cells showed intense Hsp 25-IR when they developed a ruffled border. Ruffle-ended ameloblasts (RA) also consistently showed intense Hsp 25-IR, but smooth-ended ameloblasts (SA) showed weak IR. These data suggest that Hsp 25 is related to the formation and maintenance of the ruffled border of RA and EFA cells.

DOI： 10.1080/03008200290000736

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：新潟歯学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

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J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER-VERLAG  

Responses of immunocompetent cells to tooth replantation during the regeneration process of the dental pulp in rat molars were investigated by immunocytochemistry using antibodies to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (OX6 antibody), monocyte/macrophage lineage cells (ED1 antibody) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), as well as by histochemical reaction for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Tooth replantation caused an increase in both the number of OX6- and ED1-positive cells and their immunointensity in the replanted pulp, but almost all PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerves diminished in the initial stages. By postoperative day 3, many OX6- and ED1-immunopositive cells had accumulated along the pulp-dentin border to extend their cytoplasmic processes into the dentinal tubules in successful cases. Once reparative dentin formation had begun after postoperative day 7, OX6- and ED1-immmunopositive cells became scattered in the odontoblast layer, while reinnervation was found in the coronal pulp. The temporal appearance of these immunocompetent cells at the pulp-dentin border suggests their participation in odontoblast differentiation as well as in initial defense reactions during the pulpal regeneration process. On postoperative day 14, the replanted pulp showed three regeneration patterns: (1) reparative dentin, (2) bone-like tissue formation, and (3) an intermediate form between these. In all cases, PAS-reactive cells such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) and mesenchymal cells occurred in the pulp space. However, the prolonged stagnation of inflammatory cells was also discernible in the latter two cases. Thus, the findings on PAS reaction suggest that the migration of the dental follicle-derived cells into the pulp space and the subsequent total death of the proper pulpal cells are decisive factors for eliciting bone-like tissue formation in the replanted pulp.

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

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J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

CiNii Article

CiNii Books

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：歯科基礎医学会  

CiNii Article

CiNii Books

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：書評論文，書評，文献紹介等   出版者・発行元：INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH  

The periodontal ligament receives a rich sensory nerve supply and contains many nociceptors and mechanoreceptors. Although its various kinds of mechanoreceptors have been reported in the past, only recently have studies revealed that the Ruffini endings-categorized as low-threshold, slowly adapting, type II mechanoreceptors-are the primary mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament. The periodontal Ruffini endings display dendritic ramifications with expanded terminal buttons and. Furthermore, are ultrastructurally characterized by expanded axon terminals filled with many mitochondria and by an association with terminal or lamellar Schwann cells. The axon terminals of the periodontal Ruffini endings have finger-like projections called axonal spines or microspikes, which extend into the surrounding tissue to detect the deformation of collagen fibers. The functional basis of the periodontal Ruffini endings has been analyzed by histochemical techniques. Histochemically, the axon terminals are reactive for cytochrome oxidase activity, and the terminal Schwann cells have both non-specific cholinesterase and acid phosphatase activity. On the other hand, many investigations have suggested that the Ruffini endings have a high potential for neuroplasticity. For example, immunoreactivity for p75-NGFR (low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor) and GAP-43 (growth-associated protein-43), both of which play important roles in nerve regeneration/development processes, have been reported in the periodontal Ruffini endings, even in adult animals (though these proteins are usually repressed or down-regulated in mature neurons). Furthermore. in experimental studies on nerve injury to the inferior alveolar nerve, the degeneration of Ruffini endings takes place immediately after nerve injury, with regeneration beginning from 3 to 5 days later, and the distribution and terminal morphology returning to almost normal at around 14 days. During regeneration. some regenerating Ruffini endings expressed neuropeptide Y, which is rarely observed in normal animals. On the other hand, the periodontal Ruffini endings show stage-specific configurations which are closely related to tooth eruption and the addition of occlusal forces to the tooth during postnatal development, suggesting that mechanical stimuli due to tooth eruption and occlusion are a prerequisite for the differentiation and maturation of the periodontal Ruffini endings. Further investigations are needed to clarify the involvement of growth factors in the molecular mechanisms of the development and regeneration processes of the Ruffini endings.

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DOI： 10.1679/aohc.62.435

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記述言語：日本語  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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記述言語：英語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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