Faculty Profiles - NAKAMURA Kazutoshi

Papers - NAKAMURA Kazutoshi

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Association between Sarcopenia and Depressive Symptoms in Community-Dwelling People Aged 40 Years and Older.

Alena Zakharova, Keiko Kabasawa, Yumi Ito, Junta Tanaka, Aya Hinata, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Shoichiro Tsugane, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Ichiei Narita

The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine 257 ( 2 ) 117 - 125 2022.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Several studies have reported an association between sarcopenia and depression. Their results, however, are inconsistent, partly due to small sample sizes and lack of consideration of important confounders. The present study aimed to cross-sectionally examine this association in community-dwelling people in Japan. This study used baseline data from the Yuzawa cohort study (age ≥ 40 years), with the final analysis population comprising 2,466 participants. A self-administered questionnaire was used to elicit information related to sarcopenia, depressive symptoms, demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, disease history, and lifestyles. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using SARC-F, a validated questionnaire including components of Strength, Assistance in walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 11-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). For depressive symptoms, prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated, and odds ratio (ORs) were obtained using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Mean age of participants was 61.7 years (standard deviation = 11.8), and 10.5% and 34.7% had sarcopenia and depressive symptoms, respectively. Sarcopenic individuals had a significantly higher PR (2.00), unadjusted OR (3.67), and adjusted OR (4.96) compared to non-sarcopenic individuals, with an estimated adjusted PR of 2.7. There was a significant dose-dependent association between SARC-F scores and depressive symptoms in sarcopenic individuals (adjusted P for trend = 0.0028). In conclusion, sarcopenia and depressive symptoms were robustly associated in community-dwelling, middle-aged and older people in Japan. However, the direction of this association is unclear, and a future cohort study will be needed to determine causality.

DOI： 10.1620/tjem.2022.J024

アルツハイマー病患者尿中代謝産物の網羅的解析

渡邊裕美, 春日健作, 徳武孝允, 北村香織, 池内健, 中村和利

日本衛生学雑誌 77 ( Suppl. ) S204 - S204 2022.3

Associations of Urinary and Dietary Sodium-To-Potassium Ratios with Albuminuria in Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International journal

Keiko Kabasawa, Ribeka Takachi, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yumi Ito, Junta Tanaka, Ichiei Narita, Kunihiro Matsushita

Kidney & blood pressure research 47 ( 9 ) 576 - 585 2022

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: The urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is an indicator of dietary sodium intake and has been associated with reduced kidney function. However, less is known about its association with albuminuria, the other key component of chronic kidney disease, in the community-dwelling adult population. We examined the association of the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio with albuminuria and compared spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios. METHODS: We quantified the association of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio with albuminuria in 6,274 Japanese adults (aged 40-97 years; 50.9% women) based on spot urine samples. We performed linear and logistic regression modeling to account for potential confounders. Elevated albuminuria was defined as a spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g. We secondarily evaluated the dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio based on a food-frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: The median spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios were 2.70 (interquartile interval, 1.87-3.83) and 1.50 (1.21-1.84), respectively. The median ACR was 11.0 (6.0-24.0) mg/g. In a multivariable linear regression model, the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (per increment) was significantly associated with the natural logarithm of the ACR (regression coefficient, 0.023 [95% confidence interval {95% CI}, 0.007-0.038]). This result was consistent in a multivariable logistic regression model (adjusted odds ratio, 1.08 [95% CI: 1.04-1.12]). The corresponding estimates for the dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio were 0.139 (95% CI: 0.087-0.191) and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.14-1.45), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both spot urinary and dietary sodium-to-potassium ratios were associated with elevated albuminuria in community-dwelling Japanese adults. Our findings further support the potential usefulness of the spot urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio as an indicator of sodium intake and suggest a link between sodium intake and kidney damage.

DOI： 10.1159/000526277

Secular changes in bone mineral density of adult Japanese women from 1995 to 2013.

Hiroaki Watanabe, Yasuko Minagawa, Ichiro Suzuki, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Keiko Kabasawa, Kseniia Platonova, Aya Hinata, Kazutoshi Nakamura

Fukushima journal of medical science 67 ( 3 ) 128 - 134 2021.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: Secular changes in hip fracture incidence have been reported in the last few decades in Japan, but whether long-term bone mineral density (BMD) is also changing is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether BMD of Japanese women has changed over time. METHODS: Subjects were 10,649 adult women who underwent BMD measurement in a health check-up population in Niigata, Japan, between 1995 and 2013. BMD of the distal, non-dominant forearm was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Demographic information and BMI were also obtained. Secular trends were determined by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: BMD of subjects in their 40's decreased significantly in the age-adjusted model (P for trend=0.0162), but not in the age- and BMI-adjusted model (P for trend=0.2171). BMD of subjects in their 50's decreased marginally in the age-adjusted model (P for trend=0.0535), but not in the age- and BMI-adjusted model (P for trend=0.6601). BMDs of subjects in their 30's and 60's did not significantly change, while BMIs of subjects in their 40's-60's decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: A secular decrease in BMD, partly attributed to decreases in BMI, was observed in middle-aged Japanese women from 1995 to 2013. Measures to help maintain suitable BMI will be necessary to prevent a decrease in BMD among women.

DOI： 10.5387/fms.2021-10

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are not associated with impaired postural sway in community-dwelling older women: a 6-year follow-up study. International journal

Kazutoshi Nakamura, Toshiko Saito, Akemi Takahashi, Ryosaku Kobayashi, Rieko Oshiki, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe

Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions 21 ( 4 ) 501 - 508 2021.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: A positive association between levels of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), an index of vitamin D status, and physical balance has been reported from cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal studies are rare. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that low serum 25(OH)D levels are longitudinally associated with impaired postural sway over a 6-year follow-up period in older women. METHODS: The present cohort consisted of 392 community-dwelling Japanese women aged ≥69 years. Baseline examinations included serum 25(OH)D and physical performance tests, including postural sway velocity. Standing postural sway was evaluated by measuring gravity-center sway velocity. Follow-up physical performance tests were conducted 6 years later. RESULTS: Mean subject age and serum 25(OH)D levels were 73.3 years (SD 3.7) and 61.0 nmol/L (SD 16.9), respectively. No significant association was found between 25(OH)D levels and changes in postural sway velocity (adjusted P for trend=0.72). Women with 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L tended to have lower Δpostural sway velocity than those with 25(OH)D ≥30 nmol/L (mean, -0.59 vs 0.37 cm/s, respectively; adjusted P=0.13). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D levels are not longitudinally associated with impaired postural sway in older women. Further longitudinal studies are needed to corroborate the results of this study.

Short daytime napping reduces the risk of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: a 5-year longitudinal study

Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Chikako Takano, Naomi Hayashi, Hisami Sato, Toshiyuki Someya

BMC Geriatrics 21 ( 1 ) 2021.12

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

<title>Abstract</title><sec>
<title>Background</title>
Beneficial effects of napping on cognition have been suggested in cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to clarify longitudinal associations between cognitive decline and sleep characteristics, particularly daytime napping, over a 5-year period in older adults.

</sec><sec>
<title>Methods</title>
Study participants were 389 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years living in Ojiya City, Niigata, Japan. Baseline and follow-up examinations were conducted in 2011–2013 and 2016–2018, respectively. Trained nurses visited and interviewed participants to collect the following information at baseline and follow-up: demographic characteristics, disease history, lifestyle habits including bedtime, sleeping hours, and daytime nap duration, and cognitive function. The assessment of cognitive function was performed using the revised Hasegawa’s dementia scale (HDS-R), with cognitive decline defined as a change in the HDS-R of ≤ − 3 over 5 years. Odds ratios (ORs) for cognitive decline were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis.

</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
Mean age of participants was 74.6 years (SD 6.4), and the cumulative incidence of cognitive decline was 106/389 (27.3%). The adjusted OR for 1–29 min daytime napping was significantly lower compared to that for no napping (OR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.23–0.96). Earlier bedtime was associated with cognitive decline (adjusted P for trend = 0.0480).

</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
Short daytime napping (< 30 min) reduces the risk of cognitive decline over 5 years for community-dwelling older people. A future study will be necessary to confirm the effect of short napping on the reduction of risk for clinically diagnosed dementia.

</sec>

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-021-02418-0

Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-021-02418-0/fulltext.html

中高年者の5年間の生活習慣の変化村上コホート研究

中村和利, 北村香織, プラトノバ・クセニア, 渡邊裕美

新潟医学会雑誌 135 ( 10-12 ) 213 - 219 2021.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：新潟医学会

著者らは、村上コホート研究のベースライン調査と5年後フォローアップ調査において、自記式の調査票により、生活習慣、病歴などの情報を得た。この縦断データを利用し、中高年の喫煙、飲酒、運動の習慣の5年間の変化と、禁煙、節酒、運動の習慣の獲得に関わる要因について検討した。対象者は5年後フォローアップ調査に参加した8,487人で、ベースライン調査時の年齢は40から74歳であった。ベースライン調査票の利用項目は、性、年齢、婚姻歴、学歴、職業、現在の健康状態、病歴(がん、心筋梗塞、脳卒中、糖尿病)、現在の喫煙の有無、飲酒頻度、余暇での運動の頻度、肥満度(Body mass index)であった。5年後フォローアップ調査票の利用項目は、現在の喫煙の有無、飲酒頻度、余暇での運動の頻度であり、これらの項目をベースライン時と5年後で比較した。また、ベースライン時に喫煙者、毎日の飲酒者、または余暇での運動の習慣のない人(<1回/週)について、5年後にこれらの習慣がよい方向に変化した人、すなわち禁煙、毎日の飲酒中止、週に1回以上の運動開始した人のベースライン時の要因(予測要因)を解析した。ベースラインと5年後の比較では、喫煙と飲酒については全体的に禁煙・節酒の方向に変化する傾向が見られたものの、運動の習慣については明確な変化が見られなかった。好ましくない喫煙、飲酒、運動の習慣を持つ人の生活習慣改善に関わる要因を解析した結果、いずれの習慣も高齢であるほど改善する傾向が見られた。飲酒習慣の変化には体調不良の関与が、運動の習慣の獲得には教育の重要性が示唆されたが、禁煙に関しては加齢以外の関連要因を見いだせなかった。今後の慢性疾患の予防対策にこれらの情報が活用されることを期待する。(著者抄録)

Other Link： https://search-tp.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J00990&link_issn=&doc_id=20220705060001&doc_link_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10191%2F0002000703&url=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10191%2F0002000703&type=%90V%8A%83%91%E5%8Aw%81F%90V%8A%83%91%E5%8Aw%8Aw%8Fp%83%8A%83%7C%83W%83g%83%8A_Nuar&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F80230_3.gif

中高年者の5年間の生活習慣の変化村上コホート研究

中村和利, 北村香織, プラトノバ・クセニア, 渡邊裕美

新潟医学会雑誌 135 ( 10-12 ) 213 - 219 2021.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：新潟医学会

著者らは、村上コホート研究のベースライン調査と5年後フォローアップ調査において、自記式の調査票により、生活習慣、病歴などの情報を得た。この縦断データを利用し、中高年の喫煙、飲酒、運動の習慣の5年間の変化と、禁煙、節酒、運動の習慣の獲得に関わる要因について検討した。対象者は5年後フォローアップ調査に参加した8,487人で、ベースライン調査時の年齢は40から74歳であった。ベースライン調査票の利用項目は、性、年齢、婚姻歴、学歴、職業、現在の健康状態、病歴(がん、心筋梗塞、脳卒中、糖尿病)、現在の喫煙の有無、飲酒頻度、余暇での運動の頻度、肥満度(Body mass index)であった。5年後フォローアップ調査票の利用項目は、現在の喫煙の有無、飲酒頻度、余暇での運動の頻度であり、これらの項目をベースライン時と5年後で比較した。また、ベースライン時に喫煙者、毎日の飲酒者、または余暇での運動の習慣のない人(<1回/週)について、5年後にこれらの習慣がよい方向に変化した人、すなわち禁煙、毎日の飲酒中止、週に1回以上の運動開始した人のベースライン時の要因(予測要因)を解析した。ベースラインと5年後の比較では、喫煙と飲酒については全体的に禁煙・節酒の方向に変化する傾向が見られたものの、運動の習慣については明確な変化が見られなかった。好ましくない喫煙、飲酒、運動の習慣を持つ人の生活習慣改善に関わる要因を解析した結果、いずれの習慣も高齢であるほど改善する傾向が見られた。飲酒習慣の変化には体調不良の関与が、運動の習慣の獲得には教育の重要性が示唆されたが、禁煙に関しては加齢以外の関連要因を見いだせなかった。今後の慢性疾患の予防対策にこれらの情報が活用されることを期待する。(著者抄録)

Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J00990&link_issn=&doc_id=20220705060001&doc_link_id=%2Fdg3nigta%2F2021%2F013510%2F001%2F0213-0219%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fdg3nigta%2F2021%2F013510%2F001%2F0213-0219%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Education, household income, and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. International journal

Aya Hinata, Keiko Kabasawa, Yumi Watanabe, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Ito, Ribeka Takachi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Junta Tanaka, Ayako Sasaki, Ichiei Narita, Kazutoshi Nakamura

BMC public health 21 ( 1 ) 2120 - 2120 2021.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Income inequality has dramatically increased worldwide, and there is a need to re-evaluate the association between socio-economic status (SES) and depression. Relative contributions of household income and education to depression, as well as their interactions, have not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to examine the association between SES and depressive symptoms in Japanese adults, focusing on interactions between education and household income levels. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from baseline surveys of two cohort studies. Participants were 38,499 community-dwelling people aged 40-74 years who participated in baseline surveys of the Murakami cohort study (2011-2012) and Uonuma cohort study (2012-2015) conducted in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Information regarding marital status, education level, household income, occupation, activities of daily living (ADL), and history of cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke, and diabetes was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were examined using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs). Covariates included age, sex, marital status, education, household income, occupation, ADL, and disease history. RESULTS: Individuals with higher education levels had lower ORs (adjusted P for trend = 0.0007) for depressive symptoms, independently of household income level. The OR of the university-or-higher group was significantly lower than that of the junior high school group (adjusted OR = 0.79). Individuals with lower household income levels had higher ORs (adjusted P for trend< 0.0001) for depressive symptoms, independently of education level. The type of occupation was not associated with depressive symptoms. In subgroup analyses according to household income level, individuals with higher education levels had significantly lower ORs in the lowest- and lower-income groups (adjusted P for trend = 0.0275 and 0.0123, respectively), but not in higher- and highest-income groups (0.5214 and 0.0915, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both education and household income levels are independently associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms, with household income levels showing a more robust association with depressive symptoms than education levels. This suggests that a high household income level may offset the risk of depressive symptoms from having a low education level.

DOI： 10.1186/s12889-021-12168-8

Association of coffee, green tea, and caffeine with the risk of dementia in older Japanese people. International journal

Nana Matsushita, Yuta Nakanishi, Yumi Watanabe, Kaori Kitamura, Keiko Kabasawa, Akemi Takahashi, Toshiko Saito, Ryosaku Kobayashi, Ribeka Takachi, Rieko Oshiki, Shoichiro Tsugane, Masayuki Iki, Ayako Sasaki, Osamu Yamazaki, Kei Watanabe, Kazutoshi Nakamura

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2021.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: Coffee, green tea, and caffeine are potential preventive factors for dementia, but the underlying evidence is insufficient. This study aimed to examine associations between the consumption of coffee, green tea, and caffeine and dementia risk in middle-aged and older people. METHODS: This was a cohort study with an 8.0-year follow-up. Participants were community-dwelling individuals (n = 13,757) aged 40-74 years. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in 2011-2013. Predictors were the consumption of coffee/green tea, from which caffeine consumption was estimated. The outcome was incident dementia obtained from the long-term care insurance database. Covariates were demographic factors, body mass index, physical activity, energy, smoking, drinking, and disease history. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. HRs were also calculated using a Cox model with delayed entry. RESULTS: The number of dementia cases during the study period was 309. Participants with higher coffee consumption had lower HRs (adjusted p for trend = 0.0014), with the fifth quintile (≥326 ml/day) having a significantly lower HR (0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30-0.79) than the first quintile (<26 ml/day, reference). Similarly, participants with higher caffeine consumption had a significantly lower HR (adjusted p for trend = 0.0004) than the reference. The Cox model with delayed entry yielded similar results. These associations were significant in men, but not in women. Moreover, participants who consumed 2-2.9 cups/day and ≥3 cups/day of coffee had lower HRs (0.69, 95% CI: 0.48-0.98 and 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31-0.89, respectively) than those who consumed 0 cup/day. The association between green tea consumption and reduced dementia risk was significant (adjusted p for trend = 0.0146) only in the 60-69 years age subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of coffee and caffeine consumption were significantly associated with a reduced dementia risk in a dose-dependent manner, especially in men. Moreover, coffee consumption of ≥3 cups/day was associated with a 50% reduction in dementia risk.

DOI： 10.1111/jgs.17407

Menstrual and reproductive factors and limitations in activities of daily living: A case-control study within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Reviewed International journal

Kazutoshi Nakamura, Norie Sawada, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Shoichiro Tsugane

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 47 ( 11 ) 3903 - 3912 2021.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIM: Although menstrual/reproductive factors are known to be associated with physical disability, little is known about these associations in relation to activities of daily living (ADL). This study aimed to clarify associations between menstrual/reproductive factors and ADL limitations in peri- and postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN: A nested case-control study of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective (JPHC) Study. METHODS: The main outcome measure was self-reported ADL levels in the 10-year follow-up questionnaire survey of the JPHC Study conducted between 2000 and 2004 (N = 36 460). Women who "live inside almost independently, but go out with assistance" or had a lower level of activity were considered to have ADL limitations ("cases"), and all others served as controls. Candidate menstrual/reproductive predictors were as follows: menarcheal age, menopausal status, menopausal age, regularity of menses, menstrual cycle, number of pregnancies, age at first pregnancy, number of deliveries, age at first delivery, and breast feeding. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted, and odds ratios adjusted for age and past lifestyle were calculated. RESULTS: Mean ages of cases (N = 592) and controls (N = 38 656) were 68.3 (SD = 7.6) and 61.1 (SD = 7.7) years, respectively. With respect to menopausal age, groups aged <45 and ≥55 years had significantly higher adjusted ORs (1.44, 95% CI: 1.09-1.90 and 1.55, 95%CI: 1.09-2.18, respectively) than the reference group (50-54 years). Multiparous women had significantly lower ORs than nulliparous women. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that menopausal age and parity may predict future ADL limitations in women.

DOI： 10.1111/jog.14959

A 5-year longitudinal association between dietary fermented soya bean (natto) intake and tooth loss through bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: The Yokogoshi cohort study

Masanori Iwasaki, Misuzu Sato, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshiko Saito, Kaori Kitamura, Toshihiro Ansai, Kazutoshi Nakamura

Gerodontology 38 ( 3 ) 267 - 275 2021.9

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective: In this 5-year cohort study, we aimed to determine whether the intake of natto, a fermented soya bean food product, has an indirect effect on tooth loss incidence through BMD changes among postmenopausal women. Background: Evidence indicates (1) that natto has a beneficial effect on bone health and (2) that a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with tooth loss. Methods: The study recruited 435 postmenopausal women (average age = 64.2 years). Natto intake (exposure) was assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. Lumbar spine BMD and number of teeth were measured at baseline and 5-year follow-up. BMD change (mediator) and the number of teeth lost (outcome) over time were calculated. The mediation model consisted of these 3 variables. Mediation analysis was performed to test the indirect effect of the natto intake measured through BMD change on tooth loss. Results: During the study, the mean number of teeth lost was 1.2 (standard deviation = 1.8), and the mean BMD decline was 2.5% (standard deviation = 7.1). After adjusting for potential confounders, increasing habitual natto intake was significantly indirectly associated with a lower incidence of tooth loss mediated by BMD change (incidence rate ratio of tooth loss among women with “≥1 pack/day” natto intake was 0.90 [95% confidence interval = 0.82-0.99] compared to those with natto consumption of “rarely”). Conclusions: Dietary natto intake is significantly indirectly associated with a lower incidence of tooth loss among postmenopausal women, and systemic bone density could be a mediator of this association.

DOI： 10.1111/ger.12523

Validity of dietary isothiocyanate intake estimates from a food frequency questionnaire using 24 h urinary isothiocyanate excretion as an objective biomarker: the JPHC-NEXT protocol area. Reviewed International journal

Nagisa Mori, Norie Sawada, Junpei Yamamoto, Junko Ishihara, Taichi Shimazu, Ribeka Takachi, Utako Murai, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Junta Tanaka, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Hiroyasu Iso, Masuko Kobori, Shoichiro Tsugane

European journal of clinical nutrition 76 ( 3 ) 462 - 468 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Isothiocyanate (ITC) is formed via the hydrolysis of glucosinolates by myrosinase, found in cruciferous vegetables. Although myrosinase is inactivated by the cooking process, no studies have incorporated the effect of cooking into the estimation of dietary ITC intake or evaluated the validity. We evaluated the validity of dietary ITC intake estimated from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and urinary ITC levels using 24 h urine samples or a WFR (weighed food record), and evaluated the reproducibility of dietary ITC in two FFQs administered at an interval of 1-year. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The JPHC-NEXT Protocol Area included a total of 255 middle-aged participants across Japan. We calculated dietary ITC intake from WFR and two FFQs by assuming that cooked cruciferous vegetables contain zero ITC. Urinary ITC excretion was measured at two points during summer and winter. The validity and reproducibility of dietary ITC intake estimated by FFQ were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Although we observed a moderate correlation between dietary ITC intake derived from a 12-day WFR and urinary ITC excretion, notwithstanding the cooking process, the correlation between dietary ITC intake estimated by FFQ and mean urinary ITC excretion was low. However, the correlation was improved when we compared urinary ITC excretion and a 3-day WFR or FFQ collected during winter. Our FFQ showed good reproducibility. CONCLUSION: Although seasonality is a critical factor, dietary ITC intake estimated using an FFQ showed moderate validity and reproducibility and can be used in future epidemiological studies.

DOI： 10.1038/s41430-021-00970-x

Body mass index and risk of recurrent falls in community-dwelling Japanese aged 40-74 years: The Murakami cohort study.

Kazutoshi Nakamura, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Keiko Kabasawa, Akemi Takahashi, Aya Hinata, Toshiko Saito, Ryosaku Kobayashi, Rieko Oshiki, Ribeka Takachi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Masayuki Iki, Ayako Sasaki, Osamu Yamazaki, Kei Watanabe

Geriatrics & gerontology international 21 ( 6 ) 498 - 505 2021.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIMS: A prior meta-analysis found that obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) was associated with a high fall risk, while being overweight (BMI≥25, <30 kg/m2 ) was associated with the lowest fall risk. However, whether these associations hold true for East Asians is unknown. This study aimed to assess the association between BMI and incidence of recurrent falls in Japanese aged 40-74 years. METHODS: This 5-year follow-up cohort study involved 7538 community-dwelling individuals who did not experience recurrent falls in the year before the baseline study. Information on demographics, body size, lifestyle, and disease history was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. BMI was categorized as <18.5 (underweight), 18.5-20.6 (low-normal), 20.7-22.7 (mid-normal, reference), 22.8-24.9 (high-normal), and ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 (overweight). The outcome was recurrent falls reported, and fall history in the previous year was recorded as none, once, or twice or more (recurrent falls). RESULTS: Mean BMI was 23.5 kg/m2 (SD 2.9) for men and 22.7 kg/m2 (SD 3.2) for women. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for recurrent falls in the BMI ≥25 group was significantly higher (1.41, 95%CI: 1.02-1.93) than that in the reference group. The adjusted OR in the BMI ≥25 group was significantly higher than that in the reference group for the age ≥ 60 subgroup (1.62, 95%CI: 1.09-2.40), but not for the age < 60 subgroup (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.60-1.80). CONCLUSIONS: Being overweight may be a risk factor for recurrent falls in community-dwelling older Japanese. Further studies are needed to determine the underlying mechanism. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 498-505.

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.14167

Associations of physical activity in rural life with happiness and ikigai: a cross-sectional study Reviewed

Keiko Kabasawa, Junta Tanaka, Yumi Ito, Kinya Yoshida, Kaori Kitamura, Shoichiro Tsugane, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Ichiei Narita

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8 ( 1 ) 2021.2

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

<title>Abstract</title>Physical activity is associated with subjective well-being. In rural communities, however, physical activity may be affected by environmental factors (e.g., nature and socioecological factors). We examined the association of two physical activities in rural life (farming activity and snow removal) with subjective well-being in terms of happiness and <italic>ikigai</italic> (a Japanese word meaning purpose in life). In this cross-sectional study, we analysed data collected from community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years in the 2012–2014 survey of the Uonuma cohort study, Niigata, Japan. Happiness (<italic>n</italic> = 31,848) and <italic>ikigai</italic> (<italic>n</italic> = 31,785) were evaluated with respect to farming activity from May through November and snow removal from December through April by using an ordinal logistic regression model with adjustments for potential confounders. The analyses were conducted in 2019. Among the participants who reported some farming or snow-removal time, median farming and snow-removal time (minutes per day) was 90.0 and 64.3 for men and 85.7 and 51.4 for women, respectively. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that longer time farming was associated with greater happiness and <italic>ikigai</italic> in men (adjusted odds ratio for first vs. fourth quartile: happiness = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01, 1.35; <italic>ikigai</italic> = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.50), and also in women (adjusted odds ratio for first vs. fourth quartile: happiness = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.001, 1.36; <italic>ikigai</italic> = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.20, 1.67). More snow-removal time was inversely associated with happiness and with <italic>ikigai</italic> in women only (adjusted odds ratio for first vs. fourth quartile: happiness = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.67, 0.85; <italic>ikigai</italic> = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.88). Our findings showed that physical activity in rural life was associated with happiness and with <italic>ikigai</italic>, and gender differences were observed in their associations with more snow-removal time. These results may be useful in helping to identify people in rural communities who are vulnerable in terms of psychological well-being.

DOI： 10.1057/s41599-021-00723-y

Other Link： http://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-021-00723-y

Alterations in Glycerolipid and Fatty Acid Metabolic Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease Identified by Urinary Metabolic Profiling: A Pilot Study. Reviewed International journal

Yumi Watanabe, Kensaku Kasuga, Takayoshi Tokutake, Kaori Kitamura, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kazutoshi Nakamura

Frontiers in neurology 12 719159 - 719159 2021

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

An easily accessible and non-invasive biomarker for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed. Evidence suggests that metabolic dysfunction underlies the pathophysiology of AD. While urine is a non-invasively collectable biofluid and a good source for metabolomics analysis, it is not yet widely used for this purpose. This small-scale pilot study aimed to examine whether the metabolic profile of urine from AD patients reflects the metabolic dysfunction reported to underlie AD pathology, and to identify metabolites that could distinguish AD patients from cognitively healthy controls. Spot urine of 18 AD patients (AD group) and 18 age- and sex-matched, cognitively normal controls (control group) were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight MS and liquid chromatography-Fourier transform MS were used to cover a larger range of molecules with ionic as well as lipid characteristics. A total of 304 ionic molecules and 81 lipid compounds of 12 lipid classes were identified. Of these, 26 molecules showed significantly different relative concentrations between the AD and control groups (Wilcoxon's rank-sum test). Moreover, orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis revealed significant discrimination between the two groups. Pathway searches using the KEGG database, and pathway enrichment and topology analysis using Metaboanalyst software, suggested alterations in molecules relevant to pathways of glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism, thermogenesis, and caffeine metabolism in AD patients. Further studies of urinary metabolites will contribute to the early detection of AD and understanding of its pathogenesis.

DOI： 10.3389/fneur.2021.719159

Variations in the estimated intake of acrylamide from food in the Japanese population Reviewed

Kumiko Kito, Junko Ishihara, Junpei Yamamoto, Takayuki Hosoda, Ayaka Kotemori, Ribeka Takachi, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Junta Tanaka, Taiki Yamaji, Taichi Shimazu, Yuri Ishii, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Hiroyasu Iso, Tomotaka Sobue, Shoichiro Tsugane

Nutrition Journal 19 ( 1 ) 2020.12

地域在住高齢者の認知機能低下予防プログラムの開発

北村香織, 佐藤久美, 林直美, 渡邊裕美, 中村和利

木村看護教育振興財団看護研究集録 ( 27 ) 36 - 60 2020.11

Language：Japanese Publisher：(公財)木村看護教育振興財団

地域高齢者の認知機能低下に関わる要因を明らかにするため、小千谷市の3地区に在住する高齢者で要支援・要介護認定を受けていない592名に面接調査を行い、その結果をもとに、科学的根拠に基づく認知機能低下予防プログラムを開発した。同プログラムを用いて認知機能低下予防教室を開催し、そのさい教育媒体として「生活習慣チェック用紙」を使用するとともに、面談時に「K10調査票」を用いてストレスの評価を行うこととした。さらに、教室終了後に面談結果をスタッフ間で検討することでハイリスク者を抽出し、個別支援を継続的に実施することとした。

Urinary Apolipoprotein C3 Is a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease

Yumi Watanabe, Yoshitoshi Hirao, Kensaku Kasuga, Takayoshi Tokutake, Kaori Kitamura, Shumpei Niida, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Tadashi Yamamoto

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra 10 ( 3 ) 94 - 104 2020.9

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：S. Karger AG

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that can easily be measured in routine health checkups are desirable. Urine is a source of biomarkers that can be collected easily and noninvasively. We previously reported on the comprehensive profile of the urinary proteome of AD patients and identified proteins estimated to be significantly increased or decreased in AD patients by a label-free quantification method. The present study aimed to validate urinary levels of proteins that significantly differed between AD and control samples from our proteomics study (i.e., apolipoprotein C3 [ApoC3], insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 [Igfbp3], and apolipoprotein D [ApoD]). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed using urine samples from the same patient and control groups analyzed in the previous proteomics study (18 AD and 18 controls, set 1) and urine samples from an independent group of AD patients and controls (13 AD, 5 mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 32 controls) from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Biobank (set 2). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In set 1, the crude urinary levels of ApoD, Igfbp3, and creatinine-adjusted ApoD were significantly higher in the AD group relative to the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.002, and <i>p</i> = 0.019, respectively), consistent with our previous proteomics results. In set 2, however, the crude urinary levels of Igfbp3 were significantly lower in the AD+MCI group than in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.028), and the levels of ApoD and ApoC3 did not differ significantly compared to the control group. Combined analysis of all samples revealed creatinine-adjusted ApoC3 levels to be significantly higher in the AD+MCI group (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and the AD-only group (<i>p</i> = 0.011) relative to the control group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> ApoC3 may be a potential biomarker for AD, as validated by ELISA. Further analysis of ApoC3 as a urinary biomarker for AD is warranted.

DOI： 10.1159/000509561

Predictors of decline in vitamin D status in middle-aged and elderly individuals: a 5-year follow-up study. Reviewed International journal

Kazutoshi Nakamura, Kaori Kitamura, Yumi Watanabe, Toshiko Saito, Akemi Takahashi, Ryosaku Kobayashi, Rieko Oshiki, Keiko Kabasawa, Ribeka Takachi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Masayuki Iki, Ayako Sasaki, Kei Watanabe

The British journal of nutrition 1 - 7 2020.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Little is known about predictors of decline in vitamin D status (vitamin D decline) over time. We aimed to determine demographic and lifestyle variables associated with vitamin D decline by sufficiently controlling for seasonal effects of vitamin D uptake in a middle-aged to elderly population. Using a longitudinal study design within the larger framework of the Murakami Cohort Study, we examined 1044 individuals aged between 40 and 74 years, who provided blood samples at baseline and at 5-year follow-up, the latter of which were taken on a date near the baseline examination (±14 d). Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were determined with the Liaison® 25OH Vitamin D Total Assay. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographic, body size and lifestyle information. Vitamin D decline was defined as the lowest tertile of 5-year changes in blood 25(OH)D (Δ25(OH)D) concentration (<6·7 nmol/l). Proportions of those with vitamin D decline were 182/438 (41·6 %) in men and 166/606 (27·4 %) in women (P < 0·0001). In men, risk of vitamin D decline was significantly lower in those with an outdoor occupation (P = 0·0099) and those with the highest quartile of metabolic equivalent score (OR 0·34; 95 % CI 0·14, 0·83), and higher in those with 'university or higher' levels of education (OR 2·92; 95 % CI 1·04, 8·19). In women, risk of vitamin D decline tended to be lower with higher levels of vitamin D intake (Pfor trend = 0·0651) and green tea consumption (Pfor trend = 0·0025). Predictors of vitamin D decline differ by sex, suggesting that a sex-dependent intervention may help to maintain long-term vitamin D levels.

DOI： 10.1017/S0007114520001580

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