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Grant amount：\19500000 （ Direct Cost: \15000000 、 Indirect Cost：\4500000 ）

This research aimed to build a historical GIS of Aizu Area(Fukushima Prefecture). In the system of'Aizu Historical GIS', various maps can overlay with the geographical and social information which extracted from the old topography(New gazetteer of Aizu : 1809).

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Grant amount：\3200000 （ Direct Cost: \3200000 ）

本年度は、佐渡における地籍図の作成過程を明らかにし、佐渡島の地籍図の資料的性格に関する検討を完了させた。「佐渡市所管地押調査更正地図の調製状況とその特徴」と題したこの論文は国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告に掲載予定であったが、諸般の事情から来年度以降の発行になったため、今年度の成果として表記できなかった。
この論文は、従来は網羅的には把握されていなかった佐渡島における地籍図作製について、作製年、製図者、地主総代などの情報をデータとして体系化したものなっており、近代期における地域社会の一側面を示す資料としての価値も有する。
また、本研究計画上で中核となる地籍図の集成作業については、本年度は、地籍図の撮影を旧佐和田町域について行ったほか、効率的なデジタルデータ化のために有効なノウハウの蓄積に関して、昨年度の知見を踏まえたうえで、新たな方法による地籍図と現代の地理情報とを重ね合わせる方法を試した。それにより明らかになった問題点を踏まえ、さらなる方法について、実際に作業を行った作業者を交えて討議を行い、より省力化が図れるであろう方法やノウハウについて情報を集積することにつとめた。これにより、研究期間満了後も継続的に佐渡島の地籍図のデジタルアーカイブ化作業を進めるための道筋をつけることができた。
本研究計画は、申請者が構想する佐渡島全体を一つの歴史空間としてとらえ、様々なデータをコンテンツとして提供していく計画の第一段階であった。研究期間満了後のプロジェクトの推進に関しては、所属機関である新潟大学人文学部が2009年3月に佐渡市教育委員会との間で締結した連携協定等に依拠しながら、大学における教育・研究の枠組みの中で行っていく。

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1. Materials for lacquer ware changed from zelkovas to beeches in 14^<th> century. Moreover, traces of production of it were not admitted in villages. So beeches in deep mountains, which had not been unusable, were used as materials for it. The system in the division of labor formed between plain wood makers and coating makers. And the reason of frequent floods was cutting down beeches indiscriminately from the 15^<th> century downward.
2. There are stratums found it possible to have formed by deposits made for tunami in Meiou Earthquake in 1498 or Houei Earthquake in 1707. It was proved by the results of excavation in Anotsu (Tsu City Mie Prefecture).
3. In former study, in Settsu, clams were produced and sold only in Imamiya (Naniwa Ward Osaka City), where salesmen gathered. But Reijincho excavation which was adjacent to Tennoujji (Tennouji Ward Osaka City) was the distribution center of clams. Also, there are materials we can recognize that people thought Tennouji were deeply related to clams in late 13^<th> century. So, people produced and sold clams here, not in Imamiya, and that Tennouji and Imamiya were unified
4. Toutouminokuniezu, which Hosa Library has, corresponds to kokudaka in Shohougoucyo. So it has possibility for being Shouhounokuniezu.
5. As a result of considering historical documents, grounds swelled by Houei Earthquake in 1707.Ships couldn't enter the ports. Functions as a port declined in Yokosuga Port in Toutoumi (around Yokosuga, Kakegawa City Sizuoka Prefecture).
6. By considering documents and ezu defore Houei Earthquake in 1707 (for example, Toutoumishouhoukuniezu), Yokosuga Port and Nakajima Port has a possibility for being a center port in lowlands in the center of Toutoumi. Also, as a result of this study, the study about distribution centers connected with the Pacific Ocean and Toutouminokuni will develop.

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Grant amount：\3750000 （ Direct Cost: \3300000 、 Indirect Cost：\450000 ）

There are each successful results on the four purposes written application.
1 I supposed that the undiscovered Fortress, Nutari and Fortreee Iwafune had been buried deep in underground. So I have searched the Tyojya's Buried Pot concerning the Fortress, Nutari by geological searching method with bowling.
The bowling data of this results that are the depth of the bottom at the pond and the rice field before are -2.3m&-1.3m. And the other band there may be the Fortreee Iwafune in Seibu site a standpoint of the site smihterly.
2 As it had been discovered the wooden tablet written "沼垂城 (Fortress Nuttari)", I could search at the underground of old Nuttari in the city of Niigata. The old surface soil does not be expanded the area of 2km to northeast from Ouse district.
3 I showed it before that Fortress, Nutari and Fortreee Iwafune had been connected with not only sealane but also inner surface of the water. So I could understand that two fortresses were intimate with each other. In this point of view I could have seen the political process of era of Kougyoku (皇極朝). And It had been understood for me to change the name from "高志" to "越" at AD701 . At the same time it had been changed to 信濃 from 科野
4 It was very important for us to make clear the history at 6C/7C of Japan-Sea-Eeria where I could researched the area from Iki-iland to okusiri-iland. It may be concerned with the history of Abe-Hirahu's northern conquest and Bunbu-Ou'ssea-burrial-Shira.

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Grant amount：\9500000 （ Direct Cost: \9500000 ）

(1)中世古文書学的研究では商家文書論はないので、文献からみても遺物・遺跡からみても間違いなく集散地遺跡であることが明らかな近世の遺跡の検討、中世の集散地と明確に認定できる遺物・遺跡の検討が重要であることを明確にした。検討すべき追跡の事例としては、橋(百間川米田遺跡)・碇(元島遺跡、高松城跡<(西の丸町地区)>・土蔵(〓列建物)・荷揚げ場(礫敷遺構:高松城跡<西の丸町地区>)等がある。
(2)財産の保管機能をもつ建物には塗籠と呼ばれる建物があった。中世の塗籠と呼ばれた建物は、倉と同じ機能をもち、さらに火事や盗難に強く、壁に塗籠が施された土蔵であったことを明らかにした。また、「堂」もその多義的な機能の一つに貯蔵があったことをあきらかにした。
(3)売券に土蔵が屋とともに記されることがあり、土地のみの売買価格の倍程度の値が付けられていることを明らかにした。また、文書や説話集などから、規模は3間が多く、屋があり後園をはさんで土蔵が立地していた状況を復元することができた。
(4)土蔵と櫓を区別して研究をしない方がよい。大内氏館のように平地のシロにも土蔵はあった。シロの〓列建物である櫓は土蔵と同様の機能を持つものとして理解すべきことを明確にした。
(5)東日本では現時点では〓列建物の報告例がない。しかし、戦国期権力は、土蔵を作り、鉄砲の玉薬や黄金を収納していたことから、16世紀後半には、東日本のシロに土蔵があったので、東日本に土蔵造りの建物がなかったとは考えにくい。現在西日本で出土している土蔵は、〓列建物のなかから選択された遺跡であり、東日本で〓列建物が出土しないことと土蔵が存在しないことは同じ問題ではない。中世東日本の土蔵の問題は独自に考えなければならないことを明確にした。

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Authorship：Coinvestigator(s) 

Grant amount：\38500000 （ Direct Cost: \32200000 、 Indirect Cost：\6300000 ）

The purpose of this study has been to make the regional history evidence with the sites of internal water level and with the environment of historical images on ECHIGO-Plain. Specially, we should advance to discovering of NUTARI-palisade with a new understanding based on analysis of manuscripts, old maps and archeological remains, and with a boring survey & excavation.
(1)The conjectured location of the NUTARI-palisade has been OSE that is based on Jokyo map of the Nuttari section of Niigata City, and we conducted a boring survey. We verified an accumulation of a flow of volcanic ash and a swamp from about 5000 years ago at a depth of about 18 meters beneath the railroad tracks and confirmed the need to fundamentally re-write the conclusion heretofore, derived from land surface observations, that formation of the new sand dune III presumed to have been formed in the Tomb Age, actually dates from before the middle Jomon era.
(2)At a depth of about five meters we discovered an old stratum of topsoil above which were accumulated remains of vegetation with a carbon 14 data of about 1180 plus-or-minus 30 years. We employed a geoslicer commonly used in probing earthquakes to examine in stead of excavation. We were able to determine that this area was old wet rice paddy. And we have thought that there is remained in this soil of the sites of NUTARI-palisade and KANBARA-harbor.
(3)As for geological features, we advanced general understanding of the action of sand barrier systems and delta creation that formed the Echigo Plain and also geotechtonic structures.
We have advanced a new understanding the intimate link created by the internal water level between the NUTARI and IWAFUNE palings. For the medieval era, we have identified the autonomous management of the activity of the GEJYO-boats that plied both the Age and Shinano rivers, we have understood natural development of the regional characteristics of the area, and we have implemented supplementary investigations.
(4)These research results were presented at an international/regional interdisciplinary symposium in an exchange with Professor of Korea, USA, UK, these scholars uniformly called for sharing of our studies with scholars throughout the world for the purpose of promoting regional and comparative study. And we held a public symposium directed at general audience.

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Grant amount：\900000 （ Direct Cost: \900000 ）

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