2024/12/14 更新

写真a

フカイ エイゴ
深井 英吾
FUKAI Eigo
所属
教育研究院 自然科学系 農学系列 准教授
農学部 農学科 准教授
職名
准教授
外部リンク

学位

  • 農学 ( 2003年3月   東北大学 )

経歴

  • 新潟大学   農学部 農学科   准教授

    2018年10月 - 現在

  • 新潟大学   農学部 農学科   助教

    2017年4月 - 2018年9月

  • 新潟大学   農業生産科学   助教

    2014年4月 - 2017年3月

 

論文

  • EAT1 transcription factor, a non-cell-autonomous regulator of pollen production, activates meiotic small RNA biogenesis in rice anther tapetum 査読

    Seijiro Ono, Hua Liu, Katsutoshi Tsuda, Eigo Fukai, Keisuke Tanaka, Takuji Sasaki, Ken-Ichi Nonomura

    PLoS Genetics   14 ( 2 )   2018年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Public Library of Science  

    The 24-nucleotides (nt) phased secondary small interfering RNA (phasiRNA) is a unique class of plant small RNAs abundantly expressed in monocot anthers at early meiosis. Previously, 44 intergenic regions were identified as the loci for longer precursor RNAs of 24-nt phasiRNAs (24-PHASs) in the rice genome. However, the regulatory mechanism that determines spatiotemporal expression of these RNAs has remained elusive. ETERNAL TAPETUM1 (EAT1) is a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor indispensable for induction of programmed cell death (PCD) in postmeiotic anther tapetum, the somatic nursery for pollen production. In this study, EAT1-dependent non-cell-autonomous regulation of male meiosis was evidenced from microscopic observation of the eat1 mutant, in which meiosis with aberrantly decondensed chromosomes was retarded but accomplished somehow, eventually resulting in abortive microspores due to an aberrant tapetal PCD. EAT1 protein accumulated in tapetal-cell nuclei at early meiosis and postmeiotic microspore stages. Meiotic EAT1 promoted transcription of 24-PHAS RNAs at 101 loci, and importantly, also activated DICER-LIKE5 (DCL5, previous DCL3b in rice) mRNA transcription that is required for processing of double-stranded 24-PHASs into 24-nt lengths. From the results of the chromatin-immunoprecipitation and transient expression analyses, another tapetum-expressing bHLH protein, TDR INTERACTING PROTEIN2 (TIP2), was suggested to be involved in meiotic small-RNA biogenesis. The transient assay also demonstrated that UNDEVELOPED TAPETUM1 (UDT1)/bHLH164 is a potential interacting partner of both EAT1 and TIP2 during early meiosis. This study indicates that EAT1 is one of key regulators triggering meiotic phasiRNA biogenesis in anther tapetum, and that other bHLH proteins, TIP2 and UDT1, also play some important roles in this process. Spatiotemporal expression control of these bHLH proteins is a clue to orchestrate precise meiosis progression and subsequent pollen production non-cell-autonomously.

    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007238

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  • The role of FLOWERING LOCUS C in vernalization of Brassica: The importance of vernalization research in the face of climate change 査読

    Daniel J. Shea, Etsuko Itabashi, Satoko Takada, Eigo Fukai, Tomohiro Kakizaki, Ryo Fujimoto, Keiichi Okazaki

    Crop and Pasture Science   69 ( 1 )   30 - 39   2018年

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)   出版者・発行元:CSIRO  

    As climatic changes occur over the coming decades, our scientific understanding of plant responses to environmental cues will become an increasingly important consideration in the breeding of agricultural crops. This review provides a summary of the literature regarding vernalization research in Brassicaceae, covering both the historical origins of vernalization research and current understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the regulatory pathways involved in vernalization and subsequent inflorescence. We discuss the evolutionarily conserved biology between the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana and the Brassica genus of crop cultivars and contrast the differences between the genera to illustrate the importance of Brassica-specific research into vernalization.

    DOI: 10.1071/CP16468

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  • IntroMap: a signal analysis based method for the detection of genomic introgressions 査読

    Daniel J. Shea, Motoki Shimizu, Namiko Nishida, Eigo Fukai, Takashi Abe, Ryo Fujimoto, Keiichi Okazaki

    BMC GENETICS   18   2017年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:BIOMED CENTRAL LTD  

    Background: Breeding programs often rely on marker-assisted tests or variant calling of next generation sequence (NGS) data to identify regions of genomic introgression arising from the hybridization of two plant species. In this paper we present IntroMap, a bioinformatics pipeline for the screening of candidate plants through the application of signal processing techniques to NGS data, using alignment to a reference genome sequence (annotation is not required) that shares homology with the recurrent parental cultivar, and without the need for de novo assembly of the read data or variant calling.
    Results: We show the accurate identification of introgressed genomic regions using both in silico simulated genomes, and a hybridized cultivar data set using our pipeline. Additionally we show, through targeted marker-based assays, validation of the IntroMap predicted regions for the hybrid cultivar.
    Conclusions: This approach can be used to automate the screening of large populations, reducing the time and labor required, and can improve the accuracy of the detection of introgressed regions in comparison to a marker-based approach. In contrast to other approaches that generally rely upon a variant calling step, our method achieves accurate identification of introgressed regions without variant calling, relying solely upon alignment.

    DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0568-5

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  • QTL mapping for tuberous stem formation of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) 査読

    Mozammel Hoque, Daniel J. Shea, Mitsuru Asada, Md. Asad-ud-Doullah, Motoki Shimizu, Ryo Fujimoto, Eigo Fukai, Keiichi Okazaki

    MOLECULAR BREEDING   37 ( 9 )   2017年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:SPRINGER  

    The tuberous stem of kohlrabi is an important quantitative trait, which affects its yield and quality. Genetic control of this trait has not yet been unveiled. To identify the QTLs controlling stem swelling of kohlrabi, a BC 1 population of 92 plants was developed from a cross of broccoli DH line GCP04 and kohlrabi var. Seine. A wide range of variation in tuberous stem diameter was observed among the mapping populations. We constructed a genetic map of nine linkage groups (LGs) with different types of markers, spanning a total length of 913.5 cM with an average marker distance of 7.55 cM. Four significant QTLs for radial enlargement of kohlrabi stem, namely, REnBo1, REnBo2, REnBo3, and REnBo4 were detected on C02, C03, C05, and C09, respectively, and accounted for the phenotypic variation of 59% for the stem diameter and 55% for the qualitative grading of tuberous stem in classes. Then, we confirmed the stability of identified QTLs using BC1S1 populations derived from the BC1 plants having heterozygous alleles at the target QTL and homozygous kohlrabi alleles at the remaining QTLs. REnBo1 and REnBo2 using 128 plants of BC(1)68S(1) and 94 plants of BC(1)43S(1), respectively, and REnBo3 and REnBo4 using 152 plants of BC(1)57S(1) were detected at the same positions as the respective QTLs of the BC1 population. Confirmation of QTLs in two successive generations indicates that the QTLs are persistent. The QTLs obtained in this study could be useful in marker-assisted selection of kohlrabi breeding, and to understand the genetic mechanisms of stem swelling and storage organ development in kohlrabi and other Brassica species.

    DOI: 10.1007/s11032-017-0709-6

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  • Germline-subcellular localization of rice Argonaute protein MEL1, essential for faithful meiosis progression 査読

    Liu Hua, Seijiro Ono, Katsutoshi Tsuda, Rie Hiratsuka, Eigo Fukai, Misato Ohtani, Taku Demura, Kenichi Nonomura

    GENES & GENETIC SYSTEMS   91 ( 6 )   355 - 355   2016年12月

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    記述言語:英語   出版者・発行元:GENETICS SOC JAPAN  

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  • The LORE1 insertion mutant resource 査読

    Anna Malolepszy, Terry Mun, Niels Sandal, Vikas Gupta, Manu Dubin, Dorian Urbanski, Niraj Shah, Asger Bachmann, Eigo Fukai, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Marcin Nadzieja, Katharina Markmann, Junyi Su, Yosuke Umehara, Takashi Soyano, Akira Miyahara, Shusei Sato, Makoto Hayashi, Jens Stougaard, Stig U. Andersen

    PLANT JOURNAL   88 ( 2 )   306 - 317   2016年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:WILEY-BLACKWELL  

    Long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons are closely related to retroviruses, and their activities shape eukaryotic genomes. Here, we present a complete Lotus japonicus insertion mutant collection generated by identification of 640 653 new insertion events following de novo activation of the LTR element Lotus retrotransposon 1 (LORE1) (http://lotus.au.dk). Insertion preferences are critical for effective gene targeting, and we exploit our large dataset to analyse LTR element characteristics in this context. We infer the mechanism that generates the consensus palindromes typical of retroviral and LTR retrotransposon insertion sites, identify a short relaxed insertion site motif, and demonstrate selective integration into CHG-hypomethylated genes. These characteristics result in a steep increase in deleterious mutation rate following activation, and allow LORE1 active gene targeting to approach saturation within a population of 134 682 L. japonicus lines. We suggest that saturation mutagenesis using endogenous LTR retrotransposons with germinal activity can be used as a general and cost-efficient strategy for generation of non-transgenic mutant collections for unrestricted use in plant research.

    DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13243

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  • Marker-assisted selection of low erucic acid quantity in short duration Brassica rapa 査読

    Md. Masud Karim, Nazmoon Naher Tonu, Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain, Taketo Funaki, M. Bahadur Meah, Delwar M. Hossain, M. Asad ud-Doullah, Eigo Fukai, Keiichi Okazaki

    EUPHYTICA   208 ( 3 )   535 - 544   2016年4月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:SPRINGER  

    Low erucic acid (LEA) rapeseed, which has accumulated mutant fatty acid elongase genes at the BnFAE1.1 and BnFAE1.2 loci of the A- and C-genome, respectively, is an important oilseed crop. Short growing turnip rape (B. rapa) is also important as a catch crop in the continuous cropping of rice in Asia but there is no LEA B. rapa cultivar for cultivation in South Asia. In order to develop LEA turnip rape cultivars, high erucic acid turnip rape cultivars were interspecifically crossed as recurrent parents to a canola quality rapeseed. In the meantime, we monitored incorporation of the mutant bnfae1.1 (e1) gene into A-genome of turnip rape, using a dCAPS primer pair, which can amplify PCR fragment only for the mutant e1 gene from A-genome. The early backcross progenies showed poor seed set, but which was improved in advanced progenies. Finally, homozygous e1e1 genotypes were established in the selfed progenies of BC2-BC3, and their LEA content was confirmed by gas-chromatography analysis. Our results and promising lines will contribute to LEA-trait selection in turnip rape and rapeseed breeding.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10681-015-1596-8

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  • Changes in the Proteome of Xylem Sap in Brassica oleracea in Response to Fusarium oxysporum Stress 査読

    Zijing Pu, Yoko Ino, Yayoi Kimura, Asumi Tago, Motoki Shimizu, Satoshi Natsume, Yoshitaka Sano, Ryo Fujimoto, Kentaro Kaneko, Daniel J. Shea, Eigo Fukai, Shin-Ichi Fuji, Hisashi Hirano, Keiichi Okazaki

    FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE   7   2016年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

    Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. conlutinans (Foc) is a serious root-invading and xylem-colonizing fungus that causes yellowing in Brassica oleracea. To comprehensively understand the interaction between F oxysporum and B. oleracea, composition of the xylem sap proteome of the non-infected and Foc-infected plants was investigated in both resistant and susceptible cultivars using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after in-solution digestion of xylem sap proteins. Whole genome sequencing of Foc was carried out and generated a predicted Foc protein database. The predicted Foc protein database was then combined with the public B. oleracea and B. rapa protein databases downloaded from Uniprot and used for protein identification. About 200 plant proteins were identified in the xylem sap of susceptible and resistant plants. Comparison between the non-infected and Foc-infected samples revealed that Foc infection causes changes to the protein composition in B. oleracea xylem sap where repressed proteins accounted for a greater proportion than those of induced in both the susceptible and resistant reactions. The analysis on the proteins with concentration change 2-fold indicated a large portion of up- and down-regulated proteins were those acting on carbohydrates. Proteins with leucine-rich repeats and legume lectin domains were mainly induced in both resistant and susceptible system, so was the case of thaumatins. Twenty-five Foc proteins were identified in the infected xylem sap and 10 of them were cysteine-containing secreted small proteins that are good candidates for virulence and/or avirulence effectors. The findings of differential response of protein contents in the xylem sap between the non-infected and Foc-infected samples as well as the Foc candidate effectors secreted in xylem provide valuable insights into B. oleracea-Foc interactions.

    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00031

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  • Loss of function mutations in the rice chromomethylase OsCMT3a cause a burst of transposition 査読

    Chaoyang Cheng, Yoshiaki Tarutani, Akio Miyao, Tasuku Ito, Muneo Yamazaki, Hiroaki Sakai, Eigo Fukai, Hirohiko Hirochika

    PLANT JOURNAL   83 ( 6 )   1069 - 1081   2015年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:WILEY-BLACKWELL  

    Methylation patterns of plants are unique as, in addition to the methylation at CG dinucleotides that occurs in mammals, methylation also occurs at non-CG sites. Genes are methylated at CG sites, but transposable elements (TEs) are methylated at both CG and non-CG sites. The role of non-CG methylation in transcriptional silencing of TEs is being extensively studied at this time, but only very rare transpositions have been reported when non-CG methylation machineries have been compromised. To understand the role of non-CG methylation in TE suppression and in plant development, we characterized rice mutants with changes in the chromomethylase gene, OsCMT3a. oscmt3a mutants exhibited a dramatic decrease in CHG methylation, changes in the expression of some genes and TEs, and pleiotropic developmental abnormalities. Genome resequencing identified eight TE families mobilized in oscmt3a during normal propagation. These TEs included tissue culture-activated copia retrotransposons Tos17 and Tos19 (Lullaby), a pericentromeric clustered high-copy-number non-autonomous gypsy retrotransposon Dasheng, two copia retrotransposons Osr4 and Osr13, a hAT-tip100 transposon DaiZ, a MITE transposon mPing, and a LINE element LINE1-6_OS. We confirmed the transposition of these TEs by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or Southern blot analysis, and showed that transposition was dependent on the oscmt3a mutation. These results demonstrated that OsCMT3a-mediated non-CG DNA methylation plays a critical role in development and in the suppression of a wide spectrum of TEs. These in planta mobile TEs are important for studying the interaction between TEs and the host genome, and for rice functional genomics.

    DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12952

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  • Map-based cloning of a candidate gene conferring Fusarium yellows resistance in Brassica oleracea 査読

    Motoki Shimizu, Zi-jing Pu, Takahiro Kawanabe, Hiroyasu Kitashiba, Satoru Matsumoto, Yusuke Ebe, Monari Sano, Taketo Funaki, Eigo Fukai, Ryo Fujimoto, Keiichi Okazaki

    THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS   128 ( 1 )   119 - 130   2015年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:SPRINGER  

    We identified the candidate gene conferring yellow wilt resistance (YR) in B. oleracea . This work will facilitate YR breeding programs for B. oleracea and its closely related species.
    Yellow wilt disease is one of the most serious diseases of cabbage worldwide. Type A resistance to the disease is controlled by a single dominant gene that is used in cabbage breeding. Our previous QTL study identified the FocBo1 locus controlling type A resistance. In this study, the FocBo1 locus was fine-mapped by using 139 recombinant F-2 plants derived from resistant cabbage (AnjuP01) and susceptible broccoli (GCP04) DH lines. As a result, we successfully delimited the location of FocBo1 within 1.00 cM between markers, BoInd 2 and BoInd 11. Analysis of BAC and cosmid sequences corresponding to the FocBo1 locus identified an orthologous gene of Bra012688 that was recently identified as an candidate gene that confers yellows resistance in Chinese cabbage. The candidate gene-specific DNA markers and phenotypes in F-1 cabbage cultivars and their selfed F-2 populations showed a perfect correlation. Our identification of the candidate gene for FocBo1 will assist introduction of fusarium resistance into B. oleracea cultivars and contribute further understanding of interaction between Brassica plants and fusarium.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2416-6

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  • Activation of an Endogenous Retrotransposon Associated with Epigenetic Changes in Lotus japonicus: A Tool for Functional Genomics in Legumes 査読

    Eigo Fukai, Jens Stougaard, Makoto Hayashi

    PLANT GENOME   6 ( 3 )   2013年11月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER  

    Long terminal repeat retrotransposons occupy a large portion of genomes in flowering plants. In spite of their abundance, the majority are silenced and rarely transpose. One of the examples of a highly active retrotransposon is Lotus Retrotransposon 1 (LORE1), of the model legume Lotus japonicus (Regel) K. Larsen (syn. Lotus corniculatus L. var. japonicus Regel). LORE1 has several unusual characteristics that are interesting both for studying evolutional genomics and for the use of LORE1 as a genetic tool. In this review, we present the characteristics of LORE1 and discuss the biological significance of LORE1 as a member of chromovirus, a chromodomain containing clade of the Gypsy superfamily. Then we discuss possibilities and methodologies for using endogenous transposable elements as mutagens to generate gene tagging populations in plants.

    DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2013.04.0009

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  • The SNARE Protein SYP71 Expressed in Vascular Tissues Is Involved in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Lotus japonicus Nodules 査読

    Tsuneo Hakoyama, Ryo Oi, Kazuya Hazuma, Eri Suga, Yuka Adachi, Mayumi Kobayashi, Rie Akai, Shusei Sato, Eigo Fukai, Satoshi Tabata, Satoshi Shibata, Guo-Jiang Wu, Yoshihiro Hase, Atsushi Tanaka, Masayoshi Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Kouchi, Yosuke Umehara, Norio Suganuma

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   160 ( 2 )   897 - 905   2012年10月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

    Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide Sensitive Factor Attachment Protein Receptor (SNARE) proteins are crucial for signal transduction and development in plants. Here, we investigate a Lotus japonicus symbiotic mutant defective in one of the SNARE proteins. When in symbiosis with rhizobia, the growth of the mutant was retarded compared with that of the wild-type plant. Although the mutant formed nodules, these exhibited lower nitrogen fixation activity than the wild type. The rhizobia were able to invade nodule cells, but enlarged symbiosomes were observed in the infected cells. The causal gene, designated LjSYP71 (for L. japonicus syntaxin of plants71), was identified by map-based cloning and shown to encode a Qc-SNARE protein homologous to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SYP71. LjSYP71 was expressed ubiquitously in shoot, roots, and nodules, and transcripts were detected in the vascular tissues. In the mutant, no other visible defects in plant morphology were observed. Furthermore, in the presence of combined nitrogen, the mutant plant grew almost as well as the wild type. These results suggest that the vascular tissues expressing LjSYP71 play a pivotal role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation in L. japonicus nodules.

    DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.200782

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  • Establishment of a Lotus japonicus gene tagging population using the exon-targeting endogenous retrotransposon LORE1 査読

    Eigo Fukai, Takashi Soyano, Yosuke Umehara, Shinobu Nakayama, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Shusei Sato, Makoto Hayashi

    PLANT JOURNAL   69 ( 4 )   720 - 730   2012年2月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:WILEY-BLACKWELL  

    We established a gene tagging population of the model legume Lotus japonicus using an endogenous long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon Lotus Retrotransposon 1 (LORE1). The population was composed of 2450 plant lines, from which a total of 4532 flanking sequence tags of LORE1 were recovered by pyrosequencing. The two-dimensional arrangement of the plant population, together with the use of multiple identifier sequences in the primers used to amplify the flanking regions, made it possible to trace insertions back to the original plant lines. The large-scale detection of new LORE1 insertion sites revealed a preference for genic regions, especially in exons of protein-coding genes, which is an interesting feature to consider in the interaction between host genomes and chromoviruses, to which LORE1 belongs, a class of retrotransposon widely distributed among plants. Forward screening of the symbiotic mutants from the population succeeded to identify five symbiotic mutants of known genes. These data suggest that LORE1 is robust as a genetic tool.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04826.x

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  • Derepression of the Plant Chromovirus LORE1 Induces Germline Transposition in Regenerated Plants 査読

    Eigo Fukai, Yosuke Umehara, Shusei Sato, Makoto Endo, Hiroshi Kouchi, Makoto Hayashi, Jens Stougaard, Hirohiko Hirochika

    PLOS GENETICS   6 ( 3 )   2010年3月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

    Transposable elements represent a large proportion of the eukaryotic genomes. Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) retrotransposons are very abundant and constitute the predominant family of transposable elements in plants. Recent studies have identified chromoviruses to be a widely distributed lineage of Gypsy elements. These elements contain chromodomains in their integrases, which suggests a preference for insertion into heterochromatin. In turn, this preference might have contributed to the patterning of heterochromatin observed in host genomes. Despite their potential importance for our understanding of plant genome dynamics and evolution, the regulatory mechanisms governing the behavior of chromoviruses and their activities remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we report a detailed analysis of the spatio-temporal activity of a plant chromovirus in the endogenous host. We examined LORE1a, a member of the endogenous chromovirus LORE1 family from the model legume Lotus japonicus. We found that this chromovirus is stochastically de-repressed in plant populations regenerated from de-differentiated cells and that LORE1a transposes in the male germline. Bisulfite sequencing of the 59 LTR and its surrounding region suggests that tissue culture induces a loss of epigenetic silencing of LORE1a. Since LTR promoter activity is pollen specific, as shown by the analysis of transgenic plants containing an LTR::GUS fusion, we conclude that male germline-specific LORE1a transposition in pollen grains is controlled transcriptionally by its own cis-elements. New insertion sites of LORE1a copies were frequently found in genic regions and show no strong insertional preferences. These distinctive novel features of LORE1 indicate that this chromovirus has considerable potential for generating genetic and epigenetic diversity in the host plant population. Our results also define conditions for the use of LORE1a as a genetic tool.

    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000868

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  • Rearrangement of Actin Cytoskeleton Mediates Invasion of Lotus japonicus Roots by Mesorhizobium loti 査読

    Keisuke Yokota, Eigo Fukai, Lene H. Madsen, Anna Jurkiewicz, Paloma Rueda, Simona Radutoiu, Mark Held, Md Shakhawat Hossain, Krzysztof Szczyglowski, Giulia Morieri, Giles E. D. Oldroyd, J. Allan Downie, Mette W. Nielsen, Anna Maria Rusek, Shusei Sato, Satoshi Tabata, Euan K. James, Hiroshi Oyaizu, Niels Sandal, Jens Stougaard

    PLANT CELL   21 ( 1 )   267 - 284   2009年1月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

    Infection thread-dependent invasion of legume roots by rhizobia leads to internalization of bacteria into the plant cells, which is one of the salient features of root nodule symbiosis. We found that two genes, Nap1 (for Nck-associated protein 1) and Pir1 (for 121F-specific p53 inducible RNA), involved in actin rearrangements were essential for infection thread formation and colonization of Lotus japonicus roots by its natural microsymbiont, Mesorhizobium loti. nap1 and pir1 mutants developed an excess of uncolonized nodule primordia, indicating that these two genes were not essential for the initiation of nodule organogenesis per se. However, both the formation and subsequent progression of infection threads into the root cortex were significantly impaired in these mutants. We demonstrate that these infection defects were due to disturbed actin cytoskeleton organization. Short root hairs of the mutants had mostly transverse or web-like actin filaments, while bundles of actin filaments in wild-type root hairs were predominantly longitudinal. Corroborating these observations, temporal and spatial differences in actin filament organization between wild-type and mutant root hairs were also observed after Nod factor treatment, while calcium influx and spiking appeared unperturbed. Together with various effects on plant growth and seed formation, the nap1 and pir1 alleles also conferred a characteristic distorted trichome phenotype, suggesting a more general role for Nap1 and Pir1 in processes establishing cell polarity or polar growth in L. japonicus.

    DOI: 10.1105/tpc.108.063693

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  • Transposition of a 600 thousand-year-old LTR retrotransposon in the model legume Lotus japonicus 査読

    Eigo Fukai, Alicja Dorota Dobrowolska, Lene Heegaard Madsen, Esben Bjorn Madsen, Yosuke Umehara, Hiroshi Kouchi, Hirohiko Hirochika, Jens Stougaard

    PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY   68 ( 6 )   653 - 663   2008年12月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:SPRINGER  

    We have identified a new Ty3-gypsy retrotransposon family named LORE2 (Lotus retrotransposon 2) and documented its activity in the model legume Lotus japonicus. Three new LORE2 insertions were found in symbiotic mutant alleles isolated from a plant population, established by tissue culture mediated transformation of the L. japonicus Gifu accession. Low transcriptional and transpositional activities of LORE2 in cultured cells suggested that the LORE2 transpositions identified in the three symbiotic mutants occurred in intact plants, not in callus. Tracing of the transpositional events identified two active LORE2 members in Gifu. One of them named LORE2A possesses a deletion in its coding region and polymorphisms between intraelemental LTRs. LORE2A is thus an aged element, estimated as 600 thousand years old. Our findings indicate that plant genomes carry more cryptic LTR retrotransposons, i.e., aged yet active, than estimated before, and that these cryptic elements may have contributed to plant genome dynamics, for example, the burst of transpositions reported in several plant species.

    DOI: 10.1007/s11103-008-9397-2

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  • LysM domains mediate lipochitin-oligosaccharide recognition and Nfr genes extend the symbiotic host range 査読

    Simona Radutoiu, Lene H. Madsen, Esben B. Madsen, Anna Jurkiewicz, Eigo Fukai, Esben M. H. Quistgaard, Anita S. Albrektsen, Euan K. James, Soren Thirup, Jens Stougaard

    EMBO JOURNAL   26 ( 17 )   3923 - 3935   2007年9月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

    Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis is an example of selective cell recognition controlled by host/non-host determinants. Individual bacterial strains have a distinct host range enabling nodulation of a limited set of legume species and vice versa. We show here that expression of Lotus japonicus Nfr1 and Nfr5 Nod-factor receptor genes in Medicago truncatula and L. filicaulis, extends their host range to include bacterial strains, Mesorhizobium loti or DZL, normally infecting L. japonicus. As a result, the symbiotic program is induced, nodules develop and infection threads are formed. Using L. japonicus mutants and domain swaps between L. japonicus and L. filicaulis NFR1 and NFR5, we further demonstrate that LysM domains of the NFR1 and NFR5 receptors mediate perception of the bacterial Nod-factor signal and that recognition depends on the structure of the lipochitin-oligosaccharide Nod-factor. We show that a single amino-acid variation in the LysM2 domain of NFR5 changes recognition of the Nod-factor synthesized by the DZL strain and suggests a possible binding site for bacterial lipochitin-oligosaccharide signal molecules.

    DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601826

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  • Identification of LORE2, an active retrotransposon in model legume Lotus japonicus 査読

    Eigo Fukai, Lene Madsen, Alicja Dobrowolska, Niels Sandal, Yosuke Umehara, Hiroshi Kouchi, Hirohiko Hirochika, Jens Stougaard

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   48   S124 - S124   2007年

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    記述言語:英語   出版者・発行元:OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

    DOI: 10.14841/jspp.2007.0.431.0

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  • Suppression of gene expression of a recessive SP11/SCR allele by an untranscribed SP11/SCR allele in Brassica self-incompatibility 査読

    Ryo Fujimoto, Tetsu Sugimura, Eigo Fukai, Takeshi Nishio

    PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY   61 ( 4-5 )   577 - 587   2006年7月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:SPRINGER  

    Mutations in the S locus of a self-compatible cultivar Yellow Sarson in Brassica rapa, which has a self-compatible class-I S haplotype, S-f2, were investigated. S-28 in Brassica oleracea was found to be a member of an interspecific pair with S-f2 in B. rapa. The original S haplotype of S-f2 was identified to be S-54 in B. rapa. Sequence comparison of alleles in S-f2 with those in S-54 and B. oleracea S-28 revealed insertion of a retrotransposon-like sequence in the first intron of SRK and 89-bp deletion in the promoter region of SP11. No transcripts of SRK and SP11 were detected in S-f2 homozygotes, suggesting that the insertion and the deletion in SRK and SP11, respectively, caused the loss of the function of these genes. Promoter assay using transgenic plants indicated that the SP11 promoter of S-f2 has no activity. Heterozygotes of S-f2 and a normal class-II S haplotype, S-60, in B. rapa were found to be self-compatible. Interestingly, transcription of SP11-60 was revealed to be suppressed in the S-f2/S-60 heterozygotes, suggesting that an untranscribed class-I SP11 allele suppresses the expression of a recessive class-II SP11 allele in the anthers of S heterozygotes. Similar phenomenon was observed in heterozygotes of a self-compatible class-I S haplotype and a self-incompatible class-II S haplotype in B. oleracea.

    DOI: 10.1007/s11103-006-0032-9

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  • Comparison of the genome structure of the self-incompatibility (S) locus in interspecific pairs of S haplotypes 査読

    Ryo Fujimoto, Keiichi Okazaki, Eigo Fukai, Makoto Kusaba, Takeshi Nishio

    GENETICS   173 ( 2 )   1157 - 1167   2006年6月

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    記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:GENETICS  

    The determinants of recognition specificity of self-incompatibility in Brassica are SRK in the stigma and SP11/SCR in the pollen, both of which are encoded in the S locus. The nucleotide sequence analyses of many SRK and SP11/SCR alleles have identified several interspecific pairs of S haplotypes having highly similar sequences between B. oleracea and B. rapa. These interspecific pairs of S haplotypes are considered to be derived from common ancestors and to have maintained the same recognition specificity after speciation. In this study, the genome structures of three interspecific pairs of S haplotypes were compared by sequencing SRK, SP11/SCR and their flanking regions. Regions between SRK and SP11/SCR in B. oleracea were demonstrated to be much longer than those of B. rapa and several retrotransposon-like sequences were identified in the S locus in B. oleracea. Among the seven retrotransposon-like sequences, six sequences were found to belong to the ty3 gypsy group. The gag sequences of the retrotransposon-like sequences were phylogenetically different from each other. In Southern blot analysis using retrotransposon-like sequences as probes, the B. oleracea genome showed more signals than the B. rapa genome did. These findings suggest a role for the S locus and genome evolution in self-incompatible plant species.

    DOI: 10.1534/genetics.104.037267

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