Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)   Publisher：日本歯科医学会  

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PURPOSE: Removable partial dentures have a wide range of applications as missing tooth prostheses, and the denture design can be quite diverse. However, the factors affecting masticatory function remain unclear. We investigated the effect of denture design, especially the use of indirect retainers and major connectors, on masticatory function in patients with mandibular bilateral distal extension dentures. METHODS: Fifty-three patients with mandibular Kennedy Class I and Eichner classification B occlusal support were included in this study. Masticatory performance (MP) was assessed using gummy jelly. For the dentures, the type of major connector (bar or apron), presence or absence of indirect retainers, number of rests, and number of artificial teeth were evaluated. The number of functional teeth and occlusal support, Eichner classification, maxillary denture usage, mandibular residual ridge height, and duration of denture use were also evaluated. The factors influencing on the MP were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: MP was significantly higher when the major connector was bar-type or when there was an indirect retainer than with an apron-type or no indirect retainer. MP was positively correlated with the number of functional teeth, occlusal support, and number of rests. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of functional teeth and the presence or absence of an indirect retainer were factors that significantly influenced the MP. CONCLUSIONS: An indirect retainer setting is useful for achieving good masticatory performance in mandibular bilateral distal extension dentures.

DOI： 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_22_00135

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

Distinct brain regions are known to be associated with various emotional states. Cortical activity may be modulated by emotional states that are triggered by flavors during food intake. We examined cortical activity during chewing with different flavors and assessed the emotional modulation of cortical activity using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy. Thirty-six right-handed volunteers participated in this crossover trial. The participants experienced positive and negative emotions from chewing flavorful (palatable) or less flavorful (unpalatable) gums, respectively for 5 min. Participants rated the taste, odor, and deliciousness of each gum using a visual analog scale. Bilateral hemodynamic responses in the frontal and parietal lobes, bilateral masseter muscle activation, and heart rate were measured during gum chewing. Changes in all measured data during gum chewing were also evaluated. The ratings of the tastes and odors of each gum significantly differed among the participants (P < 0.001). Hemodynamic response changes were significantly elevated in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex during gum-chewing, in comparison to resting. The difference in hemodynamic responses between palatable and unpalatable gum conditions was detected in the left frontopolar/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Muscle activation and heart rate were not significantly different between different gum types. Our findings indicate that differential processing in the left prefrontal cortex might be responsible for the emotional states caused by palatable and unpalatable foods.

DOI： 10.3389/fnins.2022.964351

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of walking training "Interval Walking Training (IWT)" on oral health status. Participants were divided into two groups: an exercise intervention group and a non-intervention group (control). The intervention group consisted of 59 subjects (20 males, 39 females) aged 50 years or older who participated in the IWT program in Matsumoto from 2019 to April 2022. The control group consisted of 33 subjects (14 males and 19 females) aged 50 years or older who have visited Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital and agreed to participate in the study. The intervention group underwent walking training (interval walking training) for at least 5-6 months. The walking training consisted of five sets of fast walking above 70% peak aerobic capacity for walking (VO2peak) for 3 min, followed by 3 min of slow walking at ~40% VO2 peak per day for more than four days/week. The oral health status was evaluated for the number of teeth, occlusal force, salivary occult blood, masticatory performance, and tongue pressure. A total of 57 participants were analyzed in the intervention group (18 males and 39 females, age: 66.7 ± 0.8 (mean ± S.E.) years) and 33 participants in the control group (14 males and 19 females, age: 74.5 ± 1.1 (mean ± S.E.) years). There were no significant differences in gender, salivary occult blood, tongue pressure, masticatory performance, or occlusal force between the two groups at the start of the intervention (p = 0.36, p = 0.48, p = 0.42, p = 0.58, and p = 0.08, respectively by unpaired t-test or χ2 test). On the other hand, there were significant differences in age and BMI, with a trend toward lower age and higher BMI in the intervention group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively, by unpaired t-test). In terms of rate of change, the intervention group showed a significant increase in occlusal force (F = 4.5, p = 0.04, ANCOVA) and a significant decrease in BMI (F = 7.3, p = 0.009, ANCOVA). No significant differences were observed in the other measured items. It was found that walking training in both middle-aged and older people does not only affect the physical aspect of weight loss but may help maintain and improve the occlusal force.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph192114465

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BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is defined as a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It has been reported that oral hypofunction characterized by decreased tongue pressure is related to sarcopenia. Although there are several previous reports regarding the association of renal dysfunction with oral hypofunction characterized by low tongue pressure, the association between tongue pressure and renal function is not fully understood. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 68 men aged 79.0 ± 4.8 years and 145 women aged 77.3 ± 5.4 years from a rural area in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. We examined the relationships between cystatin C-based CKD (CKDcys), creatinine-based CKD (CKDcre), ratio of cystatin C-based GFR (eGFRcys) divided by creatinine-based GFR (eGFRcre): eGFRcys/eGFRcre, and tongue pressure in community-dwelling older adults. RESULTS: Tongue pressure was significantly lower in participants with CKDcys than in those without CKDcys in men and women. However, there were no significant differences in tongue pressure with or without CKDcre. Tongue pressure was significantly lower in participants with eGFRcys/eGFRcre <1.0, than in those with eGFRcys/eGFRcre ≧ 1.0 in men. According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the optimal cut-off value of tongue pressure for the presence of CKDcys was 36.6kPa, area under the curve (AUC) 0.74 (specificity 54.8%, sensitivity 84.6%) in men and 31.8kPa, AUC 0.65 (specificity 67.3%, sensitivity 60.5%) in women. CONCLUSIONS: CKDcys but not CKDcre is associated with low tongue pressure. In addition, a lower eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio is a useful screening marker of low tongue pressure in community-dwelling older adults.

DOI： 10.1002/cre2.619

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：(一社)日本老年医学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

BACKGROUND: During the mixed dentition period, masticatory performance may temporarily decline as deciduous teeth are replaced by permanent teeth. This may lead to an insufficient intake of chewy foods. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of factors that affect masticatory performance during the dentition exchange period. METHODS: The participants were 229 students in grades 4-6 who were in the lateral dentition exchange period. Shearing performance (SP) was evaluated using gummy jelly, and mixing performance (MP) was evaluated using colour-changing gum. The chewing rate, occlusal force and area, number of teeth, Hellman's tooth age, Rohrer index, grip strength and walking speed were also evaluated. The χ2 test, Mann-Whitney test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and a generalised linear model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: SP/MP showed a significant positive correlation with occlusal force, occlusal contact area and chewing rate for gummy jelly and gum but there was a difference in the strength of the correlation between boys and girls. Chewing rate for gummy jelly and gum showed a significant relationship with both SP and MP, suggesting that masticatory performance is higher with slower chewing. Maximum occlusal force was selected as a significant independent variable for SP, and Rohrer index was selected as a significant independent variable for MP. When the occlusal force was higher and the Rohrer index was lower, the masticatory performance tended to be higher. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that masticatory performance during the dentition exchange period is higher with slower chewing and a stronger occlusal force, which may be related to obesity.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13376

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Because a relationship has been reported between masticatory behavior, obesity, and postprandial blood glucose, it is recommended to chew well and take a longer time to eat. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of changing masticatory behavior using a small ear-hung wearable chewing counter, which can monitor masticatory behavior without disturbing daily meals. In total, 235 healthy volunteers participated in a 4-wk randomized controlled trial and were divided into 3 groups. All participants were instructed about the importance of mastication at the first visit. During the intervention, group B used the chewing counter without an algorithm during each meal (notification of the number of chews after meal), and group C used the chewing counter with a masticatory behavior change algorithm (setting a target value and displaying the number of chews in real time). Group A was set as the control group. The number of chews and the meal time when consuming 1 rice ball (100 g) were measured before and after the intervention using the chewing counter, and the rate of change in these values was evaluated. Participants also provided a subjective evaluation of their changes in masticatory behavior. The number of chews and the meal time of 1 rice ball increased significantly in groups B and C compared with before the intervention, and the rate of change was significantly higher in group C than in group A and group B. In addition, the subjective evaluation of the change in the number of chews was highest in group C. Self-monitoring of masticatory behavior by providing a target value and the degree of achievement for the number of chews using a wearable chewing counter with a behavioral change algorithm could promote effective change in masticatory behavior and lead to an increased number of chews. (Trial ID: UMIN000034476)

DOI： 10.1177/00220345221118013

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We examined whether the number of teeth could be a surrogate marker for metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk in cross-section. A total of 3771 individuals from the general urban Japanese population (1690 men, 2081 women; mean age 67.1 ± 11.0 years) participated in this study. Participants were diagnosed with MetS with three or more components hypertension, hyperglycemia, lipid metabolism abnormality, and abnormal abdominal girth. Questionnaires were administered to determine the number of teeth, smoking status, drinking status, and past illnesses. To clarify the relationships between the number of teeth and the presence of MetS components, we divided subjects into two groups: those with less than 20 residual teeth and those with 20 or more, then statistical analyses (Mantel-Haenszel tests and logistic regression analysis) were performed. MetS were higher for those with ≤19 teeth than those with ≥20 teeth when examining all participants and women-only groups. Hyperglycemia, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and diagnosis with MetS were all significantly higher in the ≤19 teeth group for both sexes combined and for women. These results suggest that less than 20 teeth may be a surrogate marker for MetS risk, but further studies on gender differences and pathological background are needed.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph19116441

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI  

In the assessment of skeletal muscle strength, rate of force development (RFD) is clinically identified as a functional index that reflects the effects of aging, but there are few reports on RFD of the tongue. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between RFD of tongue pressure (RFD-TP) and oral and whole-body physical performance in older adults, and to clarify its characteristics. We enrolled adults aged ≥65 years with pathological occlusal contact in premolar and molar regions of teeth in the Tamba-Sasayama area, Japan, from 2017 to 2018. Maximum tongue pressure (MTP) and the speed to reach the maximum tongue pressure (RFD-TP) were evaluated as measures of tongue function. Oral functions related to objective measures of tongue function, such as repetitive saliva swallowing test, oral diadochokinesis, and physical status or performance, such as mini mental state examination, body mass index, skeletal mass index, knee extension force, one-leg standing time, grip strength, walking speed, timed up-and-go test, and five-time chair stand speed was evaluated. No significant correlation was found between MTP and age, but RFD-TP had a significant negative correlation with age. Neither RFD-TP nor MTP showed a significant correlation with oral function. RFD-TP was associated with physical performance, such as knee extension force and one-leg standing time. RFD-TP is more sensitive to aging than MTP. In addition, RFD-TP is related to physical performance and may be useful for the early detection of frailty.

DOI： 10.3390/jcm11092347

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BACKGROUND: It has been widely recognized that mastication behaviors are related to the health of the whole body and to lifestyle-related diseases. However, many studies were based on subjective questionnaires or were limited to small-scale research in the laboratory due to the lack of a device for measuring mastication behaviors during the daily meal objectively. Recently, a small wearable masticatory counter device, called bitescan (Sharp Co), for measuring masticatory behavior was developed. This wearable device is designed to assess objective masticatory behavior by being worn on the ear in daily life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relation between mastication behaviors in the laboratory and in daily meals and to clarify the difference in mastication behaviors between those with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and those without (non-MetS) measured using a wearable device. METHODS: A total of 99 healthy volunteers (50 men and 49 women, mean age 36.4 [SD 11.7] years) participated in this study. The mastication behaviors (ie, number of chews and bites, number of chews per bite, and chewing rate) were measured using a wearable ear-hung device. Mastication behaviors while eating a rice ball (100 g) in the laboratory and during usual meals for an entire day were monitored, and the daily energy intake was calculated. Participants' abdominal circumference, fasting glucose concentration, blood pressure, and serum lipids were also measured. Mastication behaviors in the laboratory and during meals for 1 entire day were compared. The participants were divided into 2 groups using the Japanese criteria for MetS (positive/negative for MetS or each MetS component), and mastication behaviors were compared. RESULTS: Mastication behaviors in the laboratory and during daily meals were significantly correlated (number of chews r=0.36; P<.001; number of bites r=0.49; P<.001; number of chews per bite r=0.33; P=.001; and chewing rate r=0.51; P<.001). Although a positive correlation was observed between the number of chews during the 1-day meals and energy intake (r=0.26, P=.009), the number of chews per calorie ingested was negatively correlated with energy intake (r=-0.32, P=.002). Of the 99 participants, 8 fit the criteria for MetS and 14 for pre-MetS. The number of chews and bites for a rice ball in the pre-MetS(+) group was significantly lower than the pre-MetS(-) group (P=.02 and P=.04, respectively). Additionally, scores for the positive abdominal circumference and hypertension subgroups were also less than the counterpart groups (P=.004 and P=.01 for chews, P=.006 and P=.02 for bites, respectively). The number of chews and bites for an entire day in the hypertension subgroup were significantly lower than in the other groups (P=.02 and P=.006). Furthermore, the positive abdominal circumference and hypertension subgroups showed lower numbers of chews per calorie ingested for 1-day meals (P=.03 and P=.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a relationship between masticatory behaviors in the laboratory and those during daily meals and that masticatory behaviors are associated with MetS and MetS components. TRIAL REGISTRATION: University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry R000034453; https://tinyurl.com/mwzrhrua.

DOI： 10.2196/30789

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Hypertension is related to impaired mastication that causes malnutrition, declining the general health of older adults. This study assessed the role of dietary intake in the relationship between oral health and blood pressure. Eight hundred ninety-four adults aged ≥65 years who independently lived in rural regions of Japan participated in this study. Hypertension was classified according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. The oral condition was evaluated by analyzing the remaining teeth, occlusal force, posterior occlusal support, masticatory performance, oral moisture, and oral bacterial level. Dietary intake was assessed using a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analyses were used to elucidate the factors related to hypertension. Normotensive, hypertensive, and history of hypertension were observed in 30.9%, 23.8%, and 45.3% of the participants, respectively. The factors significantly associated with the hypertension were age, body mass index, posterior occlusal support condition, and sodium-to-potassium ratio related to salt intake and/or vegetable intake. Participants without posterior occlusion significantly had higher risk of hypertension (odds ratio = 1.72). This study suggested that there was an association between oral health and hypertension, while the loss of occlusal support may influence nutritional intake conditions.

DOI： 10.3390/nu14061279

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：NATURE PORTFOLIO  

Numerous studies have evaluated the relationship between eating behavior and obesity, however few studies have objectively assessed eating behavior. Additionally, the association of masticatory behaviors with masticatory performance remains unclear. This study aimed to verify the relationship between masticatory performance and behavior measured by a wearable masticatory counter, and BMI. 365 healthy adults participated. Mastication behaviors, i.e. number of chews and bites, chewing rate, and chewing time, were measured using wearable masticatory counter while consuming one rice ball (100 g). Masticatory performance was evaluated using testing gummy jelly. Lifestyle habits including exercise, walking, and breakfast, were surveyed by questionnaire. The correlation coefficients between masticatory behaviors and performance and BMI were analyzed. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was performed. The number of chews showed positive correlation with chewing rate, number of bites and chewing time, but no correlation with masticatory performance. BMI had weak but significant negative correlation with number of chews, bites, chewing time, and masticatory performance, but had no correlation with chewing rate. Multiple regression analysis revealed that BMI was associated with sex, age, number of chews, bites, masticatory performance, and walking speed. In conclusion, masticatory behavior and performance were not interrelated, but both were independently associated with BMI weakly.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-08084-5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)8020推進財団  

高齢者の引きこもりと口腔機能の関連を明らかにすることを目的に、兵庫県丹波市・篠山市在住の65歳以上の自立した高齢者428名を対象に、口腔機能評価、身体機能、認知機能について評価を行い(ベースライン)、2年後に追跡調査を行った。「週に1回以上外出していますか」に「いいえ」と回答するか、「昨年と比べて外出の回数が減っていますか」に「はい」と回答した者を引きこもり傾向ありと判定した結果、ベースライン時の引きこもりは90名であった。また、ベースラインでオーラルフレイルと判定された対象者は口腔機能に問題がない対象者に比べ、2年後に引きこもりを発症する確率が1.8倍高いことが分かった。

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Authorship：Lead author,　Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Falls among older adults with a low bone density can lead to a bedridden state. Declining bone density increases the risk of falls resulting fractures in older adults. A person's physical performance is known to be closely related to bone density, and a relationship between the physical performance and the oral function is also known to exist. However, there currently is a lack of evidence regarding the relationship between bone density and the oral function. We assessed the relationship between the bone density and the both the oral function and physical performance among older adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 754 older adults aged 65 years or older who independently lived in rural regions and who were not taking any medications for osteoporosis participated. We checked all participants for osteoporosis using an ultrasonic bone density measuring device. Regarding the oral function, we evaluated the following factors: remaining teeth, occlusal support, masticatory performance, occlusal force, and tongue pressure. We also evaluated body mass index (BMI) and skeletal muscle mass Index as clinical characteristics. The normal walking speed, knee extension force and one-leg standing test were evaluated as physical performance. For the statistical analyses, we used the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, the Kruskal-Wallis, and a multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Eighty-one percent of the females and 58% of the males had osteoporosis or a decreased bone mass. The occlusal force, masticatory performance and the tongue pressure showed significant association with the bone density. The participants physical performance showed a significant association with their bone states except for walking speed. According to a multiple regression analysis, clinical characteristics (sex, age, BMI), one-leg standing and occlusal force showed independent associations with the bone density. It was suggested that the bone density tends to increase if the occlusal force is high and/or the one-leg standing test results are good. CONCLUSIONS: The bone density in the older adults showed a significant relationship not only with clinical characteristics or physical performance, but also with occlusal force. It may also be effective to confirm a good oral function in order to maintain healthy living for older adults.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-021-02547-6

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BACKGROUND: Rate force development is associated with performance and muscle composition in whole-body muscle. Although rate force development on tongue muscle can be examined using tongue pressure waveform, there have been only few investigations on this topic. OBJECTIVES: This study's main purpose was to investigate the reliability of tongue pressure waveform analysis and its relationship with articulation and tongue muscle composition. In addition, we also investigated the association between tongue muscle composition and articulation. METHODS: Forty-five community-dwelling individuals aged >20 years participated. We analysed tongue pressure waveform, including maximum tongue pressure (MTP), time to peak, mean rate of tongue force development and peak rate of tongue force development (PRTFD). We also assessed oral diadochokinesis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the tongue provided data on tongue muscle composition, including tongue volume, fat mass, lean muscle mass and fat percentage. We evaluated the reliability of tongue pressure waveform analysis. Moreover, we examined the coefficients between tongue pressure waveform analysis, oral diadochokinesis and tongue composition. RESULTS: We detected a high reliability of MTP and PRTFD. MTP and PRTFD were significantly correlated with tongue muscle composition. MTP was not significantly correlated with oral diadochokinesis. PRTFD was significantly positively correlated with oral diadochokinesis. Tongue fat mass and fat percentage were negatively correlated with oral diadochokinesis of /ta/ and /ka/. CONCLUSIONS: Peak rate of tongue force development is a highly reliable method for tongue pressure analysis and is useful for elucidating the functional importance of tongue muscle function on articulation. We speculated that fatty infiltration of the tongue adversely affects articulation.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13255

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OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is defined as a combination of low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), weak muscle strength, and reduced physical function. Recently, many studies have reported that the creatinine/cystatin C ratio (Cr/CysC) is useful for evaluating muscle mass. We designed a cross-sectional study with separate model development and validation groups to develop a prediction equation to estimate bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-measured SMI with Cr/CysC. DESIGN: The current study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The model development group included 908 subjects (288 men and 620 women) from the Frail Elderly in the Sasayama-Tamba Area (FESTA) study, and the validation group included 263 subjects (112 men and 151 women) from participants in the medical checkup program at the Anti-Aging Center in Ehime Prefecture. MEASURES: Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age, hemoglobin (Hb), body weight (BW), and Cr/CysC were independently associated with SMI in both men and women. The SMI prediction equation was developed as follows: Men:4.17-0.012×Age+1.24×(Cr/CysC)-0.0513×Hb+0.0598×BW Women:3.55-0.00765×Age+0.852×(Cr/CysC)-0.0627×Hb+0.0614×BW RESULTS: The SMI prediction equation was applied to the validation group and strong correlations were observed between the BIA-measured and predicted SMI (pSMI) in men and women. According to the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, the areas under the curve were 0.93 (specificity 89.0%, sensitivity 87.2%) among men and 0.88 (specificity 83.6%, sensitivity 79.6%) among women for using pSMI to identify low SMI in the model development group. The pSMI also indicated high accuracy in ROC analysis for low SMI in the validation group. The Bland-Altman plot regression showed good agreement between BIA-measured and pSMI. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our new prediction equation to estimate SMI is easy to calculate in daily clinical practice and would be useful for diagnosing sarcopenia.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.07.029

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI  

Nutritional status is well-known to influence patient recovery after resection of head and neck cancer (HNC). The influence of preoperative nutritional status on dysphagia was assessed in patients who underwent surgical resection of HNC along with the assessment of nutritional status during the acute and subacute phases. Eighty-six patients underwent surgical resection and dysphagia assessments (repetitive saliva-swallowing test, water-swallowing test, and functional oral intake scale) and had their tongue pressure assessed five times (before surgery, after 1-2 weeks, and 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery). The nutritional status was assessed according to the body mass index, total protein, and albumin. The prognostic nutritional index was calculated from preoperative data, and the subjects were classified into three groups: Low-risk, Attention and High-risk groups. After surgery, the nutritional status index values were low, and the High-risk group showed significantly lower values in comparison to the other two groups. The water-swallowing test and functional oral intake scale findings were worse than they had been preoperatively until 2 months after surgery, and a significant correlation was noted between the postoperative nutritional status and the presence of dysphagia. The results indicated that the preoperative nutritional status of HNC patients influenced their ability to ingest/swallow, which in turn influenced their nutritional status after HNC resection.

DOI： 10.3390/nu13072438

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DOI： 10.2196/preprints.30789

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(1) Background: The degree of satisfaction with dental treatment varies among patients, and the discrepancy may exist between the patient’s subjective evaluation and the objective assessment. Further, the optimal methods for increasing patient satisfaction with mastication remain unclear. This study aimed to identify factors affecting masticatory satisfaction in patients with removable partial dentures. (2) Methods: A total of 132 participants (71.0 ± 9.0 years) were included. Masticatory satisfaction was assessed on a visual analog scale. An oral health survey was conducted to assess the number of functional teeth, missing tooth classification: Kennedy classification, occlusal support: Eichner classification, and removable partial dentures wearing jaw. Objective masticatory performance was assessed using gummy jelly, while subjective masticatory ability was assessed using food acceptance status and oral health-related quality of life. The associations of these factors with masticatory satisfaction were assessed. (3) Results: Masticatory satisfaction among removable partial denture wearers was not significantly associated with gender, age, denture wearing jaw, Kennedy classification, and occlusal support. The degree of masticatory satisfaction was significantly greater with higher levels of masticatory function: masticatory performance, food acceptance score, and OHIP-14 score. The OHIP-14 score was the only significant explanatory variable for masticatory satisfaction in the multiple regression analysis; the strongest associations were with the “psychological discomfort” and “physical disability” subscales (p = 0.02 and p = 0.005, respectively). (4) Conclusions: Masticatory satisfaction among removable partial denture wearers was strongly associated with oral health-related quality of life, in which the ability to eat meals comfortably with removable partial dentures is the most important determinant of masticatory satisfaction.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph18126620

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The above article was published online with error in Table 5 and 6. Some of the entries were mistakenly deleted under AUC column. The original article has been corrected.

DOI： 10.1007/s11845-020-02373-6

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Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints. Evidence suggests that increased activities of neck and trunk muscles are one of the mechanisms related to neck pain. Jaw clenching and sitting posture may modulate the muscle activity in neck and trunk muscles during typing. The present study aimed to assess the effects of different postural positions and clenching conditions on neck and trunk muscle activities. Thirteen healthy adults (39.8 ± 5.0 years) performed computer typing tasks in four conditions (two postural positions [upright vs slouched] and two jaw clenching conditions [clenching vs non-clenching]). Integrated surface electromyography (iEMG) was measured in sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper trapezius (uTP) and middle trapezius (mTP) muscles and compared between conditions. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Bonferroni's corrections were used to estimate the condition-specific differences in the iEMG data. The statistical significance level was set at 5%. In both postural positions, iEMGSCM was significantly greater under the jaw clenching than under the non-clenching condition (χ2 = 21.700, P <.01). Under both jaw clenching conditions, iEMGuTP was significantly greater in the slouched than in the upright postural position (χ2 = 23.182, P <.01). No significant differences in iEMGmTP were seen across conditions (χ2 = 5.018, P =.10). Sitting posture and jaw clenching appear to influence activities of different muscles.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13152

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Background: Although a food acceptance questionnaire is useful for subjective masticatory function assessments, its characteristics and limitations when applied to patients with removable dentures have been unclear. We therefore assessed the relationship between the subjective and objective masticatory function and explored whether or not a decreased masticatory function could be evaluated by food acceptance questionnaire. Methods: One hundred and nineteen patients >60 years old with removable partial and/or complete dentures participated. Food acceptance score (FAS) was calculated by using Sato's questionnaire with 20 food items. Masticatory performance (MP) was assessed by a visual scoring method using a test gummy jelly (UHA Mikakuto). Simple/multiple regression analyses were performed to explain the objective masticatory function. The cut-off value of FAS was determined to predict a decreased masticatory function by sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics curve. Results: No significant gender differences in MP or FAS were noted. Although both MP and FAS increased with the number of functional teeth, FAS was not significantly affected by age. The number of functional teeth, FAS and age had significant correlations with MP, with the number of functional teeth showing the strongest correlation. Multiple linear regression analyses identified the FAS as a significant explanatory variable for MP, and 70 was the optimal cut-off value for detecting a decreased masticatory function (MP score ≤ 2) in the diagnosis of ‘oral hypofunction’. Conclusions: Using FAS to assess the MP was deemed appropriate, and a score of 70 was the optimal cut-off value for detecting a decreased masticatory function.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13147

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BACKGROUND: Energy inadequacy has a great impact on health outcomes in older adult patients; however, it is difficult to evaluate energy adequacy in these patients, especially in home-care settings. We recently reported that temporal muscle thickness can be an indicator of nutritional status. The present study aims to examine whether a change in temporal muscle thickness is directly correlated with energy adequacy and, if so, to determine the cutoff value of a change in temporal muscle thickness to detect energy inadequacy. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted from September 2015 to June 2016 in two hospitals in Japan, and included bedridden older adult patients aged ≥65 years. Temporal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography. Energy intake was estimated by photographic diet records. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was estimated by multiplying basal energy expenditure calculated using the Harris- Benedict equation by activity and stress factors. Energy adequacy was then calculated by dividing TEE by energy intake. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between percentage change in temporal muscle thickness and energy adequacy. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the direct relationship between percentage change in temporal muscle thickness and moderate energy inadequacy (energy adequacy< 75%). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the cutoff point for percentage change in temporal muscle thickness to detect moderate energy inadequacy. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were analyzed (mean age 84.4 ± 7.8 years; 54.2% were women). The percentage change in muscle thickness was significantly correlated with energy adequacy (r = 0.733, p < 0.001). ROC analysis identified a percentage change in temporal muscle thickness of - 3.6% as the optimal cutoff point for detecting moderate energy inadequacy. Percentage change in muscle thickness was independently correlated with energy inadequacy after adjusting for age, sex, and masticatory status (AOR 0.281, 95% CI 0.125-0.635). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in temporal muscle thickness are directly correlated with energy adequacy and can indicate moderate energy inadequacy in bedridden older adults. These results suggest the assessment of changes in temporal muscle thickness could be useful for guiding nutritional care in older adult patients in home-care settings.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-021-02086-0

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This cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate the association between physical frailty subdomains and oral frailty. This study involved community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years). Physical frailty was assessed with the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Oral frailty was defined as limitations in at least three of six domains. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between physical frailty risk and oral frailty. In addition, we examined the association between physical frailty subdomains (gait speed, grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss) and oral frailty. A total of 380 participants were recruited for this study. Overall, 18% and 14% of the participants were at risk of physical frailty and had oral frailty, respectively. Physical frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–4.75, p = 0.012) was associated with oral frailty in multivariate analysis. In secondary analysis, among physical frailty subdomains, gait speed (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97, p = 0.019) was associated with oral frailty. The present findings suggest that physical frailty is closely related to oral frailty. Among physical frailty subdomains, decreased gait speed in particular is an important indicator related to the development of oral frailty.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph18062931

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Aim We speculated that low back pain, which is the most common ailment in older adults, is associated with frailty and/or sarcopenia and contributes to the progression of either condition. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between low back pain, sarcopenia and frailty in rural Japanese community-dwelling older adults.Methods We recruited 730 participants aged >= 65 years who underwent a comprehensive health examination between November 2016 and December 2018. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to assess low back pain quantitatively, and scores were compared for the frail groups determined by the Japanese version of Cardiovascular Health Study, and the sarcopenia groups as determined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019.Results Among 730 participants, the prevalence of low back pain was 57.8%. There were significant differences in the ODI scores between the robust, prefrail and frail groups (P < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the ODI scores among the robust, low appendicular skeletal muscle and sarcopenia groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of low back pain and the ODI scores were significantly associated with frailty after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index (odds ratio 3.41, 95% confidence interval 1.39-8.39, P = 0.008, and odds ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.09, P < 0.001, respectively).Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show the close association between low back pain and frailty, and suggests that not only the decline in physical function but also neuropsychiatric factors, including chronic pain, constitute a vicious cycle of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int center dot center dot; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot.

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.14100

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It is often assumed that oral hypofunction is associated with social withdrawal in older adults because decreased motor function is related to decreased oral function. However, few studies have examined the relationship between social withdrawal in older adults and oral function. This longitudinal study aimed to clarify the relationship between changes in the level of social withdrawal and oral function in independent older adults. Participants were 427 older adults aged 65 years or older who took part in a self-administered questionnaire from 2016 to 2017 (baseline), and again two years later (follow-up). At baseline, 17 items related to oral function and confounding factors related to withdrawal, physical condition, physical function, and cognitive function were evaluated. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the oral functions that negatively impact social withdrawal. The following factors were significantly associated with the worsening of social withdrawal: the number of remaining teeth, gingival condition, occlusal force, masticatory efficiency, and items related to swallowing and dry mouth. Older adults with cognitive issues who walk slowly and have a weak knee extension muscle were also significantly more likely to have oral frailty. Those who were found to have oral frailty at baseline were 1.8 times more likely to develop withdrawal compared to those with robust oral function. The results indicated that the worsening of withdrawal was associated with oral hypofunction at baseline. Since oral hypofunction was associated with the worsening of social withdrawal in older adults, it is important to maintain older adults' oral function.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph17238904

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BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The indices of physical function, such as grip power and gait speed, decreased according to the decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). METHODS: We examined the relationships between cystatin C-based GFR (eGFRcys), creatinine-based GFR (eGFRcre), their ratio (eGFRcys/eGFRcre) and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults in Japan. This cross-sectional study included 302 men aged 73.9 ± 6.2 years and 647 women aged 72.9 ± 5.8 years from a rural area in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. eGFRcys and eGFRcre were simultaneously measured, and sarcopenia based on the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria was evaluated. RESULTS: eGFRcys and the eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio were significantly correlated with grip power and gait speed (p < 0.001). The eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio was also correlated with skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (p < 0.01). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed eGFRcys and eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio but not eGFRcre were associated with sarcopenia (p < 0.01). The presence of low eGFRcys (CKDcys) and low eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio (< 1.0) but not that of low eGFRcre (CKDcre) were associated with sarcopenia (p < 0.01). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, when the eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio was added as a covariate to the basic model, it was significantly associated with sarcopenia in women (p < 0.05). Moreover, low eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio (< 1.0) was associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia in men (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, CKDcys but not CKDcre is associated with sarcopenia. A lower eGFRcys/eGFRcre ratio may be a practical screening marker of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

DOI： 10.1007/s10157-020-01981-x

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN PROSTHODONTIC SOC  

PURPOSE: This study investigated the impact of the renewal of a removable prosthesis on the masticatory function by subjective and objective measures and its variation among the types of occlusal support. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients who received newly fabricated removable denture patients participated in this study. For the objective assessment, masticatory performance was measured using test gummy jelly. For the subjective assessment, standardized questionnaires about food acceptability and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) were used. Pre- and post-insertion assessments were performed for each subject. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their posterior occlusion: with posterior occlusion (w/PO), without posterior occlusion (w/o PO) and edentulous. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare the pre- and post-treatment measurements of each assessment. The analysis of covariance and a multiple comparison were used to assess the effect of new dentures and differences due to occlusal support. RESULTS: The masticatory performance, OHRQoL and food acceptability following prosthodontic treatment were significantly improved by new denture insertion. The masticatory performance among groups varied to a relative degree. The rate of masticatory performance improvement for edentulous subjects was twice that in w/PO subjects. The OHRQoL was significantly lower in the w/o PO and edentulous groups with old denture than patients w/PO. The food acceptability improved most markedly in the edentulous group. CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in the masticatory performance by new denture insertion varied among types of occlusal support. Re-establishing the occlusal support of edentulous patients may help restore their OHRQoL and improve food acceptability.

DOI： 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_20_00045

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Masticatory performance of subjects from a general urban population was examined by measurement at baseline and again at follow-up, to clarify whether periodical utilization of dental services (PUDS) is effective in maintaining masticatory performance. Subjects comprised 1010 people (414 males, 596 females; mean age at baseline, 65.7 ± 7.8 years) who participated in the Suita study with dental checkups at both baseline and follow-up (mean follow-up, 5.2 ± 1.5 years). Number of functional teeth, occlusal support, periodontal status, masticatory performance, maximum bite force, and salivary flow rate were surveyed. Subjects were divided into a with-PUDS group (n = 430), who responded at both baseline and follow-up that they regularly utilized dental services, and a without-PUDS group (n = 580), who responded otherwise. To evaluate longitudinal changes in masticatory performance over the study period, the rate of masticatory performance change was calculated by dividing the difference in masticatory performance between follow-up and baseline by the masticatory performance at baseline. The relationship between the presence of PUDS and the rate of masticatory performance change was investigated by multiple linear regression analysis. Analysis was performed using a model with number of functional teeth as an independent variable (number of functional teeth model), and a model with occlusal support as an independent variable (occlusal support model). Multiple linear regression analysis identified PUDS as significantly associated with the rate of masticatory performance change in both the number of functional teeth model and the occlusal support model. PUDS is likely to prove effective in ameliorating reductions in masticatory performance over time.

DOI： 10.1007/s10266-020-00501-3

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PURPOSE: To measure masticatory performance (MP) in partially edentulous patients when wearing removable partial dentures (RPDs) versus when not wearing RPDs, and to identify factors that could enable clinical evaluations related to differences in MP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study consisted of 87 partially edentulous patients (57 females, 30 males; mean age, 69.41 ± 8.85 years) categorized as Eichner classification B who habitually wore RPDs. MP was evaluated while wearing versus while not wearing RPDs using test gummy jellies. The participants were categorized into four groups by the presence of occlusal contacts in one to three of the molar and premolar regions (occlusal support), or in the anterior region only, according to the Eichner index (B1-B4). The participants were also categorized according to the jaw on which the RPDs were worn and the Kennedy classification, and evaluated in regard to changes in MP resulting from wearing RPDs. Additionally, the rate of change in MP (MP-rv) was calculated for each participant using MP when not wearing RPDs as a reference, and factors affecting MP-rv were evaluated using single or multiple regression analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Significant increases in MP-rv were observed for all participants and for those with occlusal support in two (p = 0.006) and three regions (p = 0.019); however, no significant differences were observed when wearing and not wearing RPDs in participants with (p = 0.090) and those without occlusal support in one region (p = 0.474). With respect to the jaw on which the RPDs were worn, only maxillary or both maxillary/mandibular RPDs tended to have higher MP-rvs than did only mandibular jaws. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that Kennedy Class I edentulous arches were a factor in increasing MP-rv (standard partial regression coefficient = 0.46, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, among various factors on the degree of improvement in masticatory performance by wearing RPDs, bilateral missing posterior teeth might be a predictor for achieving clinical improvement.

DOI： 10.1111/jopr.13265

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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of a dysphagia screening test (DST) in patients who have undergone resection for head and neck cancer (HNC). In addition, we examined whether or not combined effects of DSTs improve the detection accuracy of penetration/aspiration. METHODS: Thirty-six HNC patients were participated. The DST consisted of the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST), the water swallowing test (WST), the modified water swallowing test (MWST), the food test (FT), and tongue pressure. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study was conducted, and the penetration-aspiration scale was used for scoring. For statistical analyses, we used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, the accuracy of the determination of penetration/aspiration was evaluated by combining two or three DSTs. RESULTS: The penetration/aspiration could be predicted with moderate accuracy based on MWST and FT. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of the MWST and FT were 0.76 (p = 0.03) and 0.80 (p = 0.050), and the sensitivity/specificity was 0.9/0.61 (MWST) and 0.8/0.8 (FT), respectively. As a result of combining 2 or 3 DSTs, the combination of "MWST and FT" was the most accurate, with an AUC of 0.87 (p = 0.02). The combination of three tests had lower accuracy than the combination of two tests. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, it is recommended that MWST or FT be used when only one type of DST is performed. In addition, the combination of two DSTs may detect aspiration patients more accurately than one alone.

DOI： 10.1007/s11845-020-02286-4

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relationship between oral hygiene/stomatognathic function and residual intraoral medication in older adults and to identify the oral factors associated with residual oral medication. METHODS: The study included 309 older adults (77 men, 232 women, mean age: 74.1 ± 7.4 years) who were prescribed medications at regular intervals. The following survey items were assessed: overall physical condition, intraoral condition and oral function. Participants prescribed oral medication were classified into groups with and without residual medication in the oral cavity. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate analysis for each of the factors contributing to the presence of residual medication. RESULTS: Only 1.9% of all patients had residual medication, which suggests that older adults in this survey had a low risk of residual intraoral medication. However, greater attention should be given to residual intraoral medication in older adults receiving long-term care. Powdered-form oral medications were more likely to remain in the oral cavity. Older adults with residual medication had a tendency to have less occlusal support, poor tongue hygiene and poor tongue movement. Oral function, particularly functions that are closely related to swallowing, was significantly lower in the residual intraoral medication group when compared to those of the group without residual intraoral medication. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced oral function and powered medication were associated with greater residual intraoral medication in this sample of older Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1111/ger.12441

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BACKGROUND: Deteriorated physical function makes older adults prone to fall, and it is therefore known to prompt elders to require long-term care. In this regard, oral function can be related to the loss of motor function. This cross-sectional study assessed the oral factors that increase the risk of falling among older adults. METHODS: We surveyed 672 self-reliant elderly individuals aged ≥65 years who were dwelling in a rural area. We assessed each subject's risk of falling and any related anxiety. Oral-related conditions (number of teeth, occlusal support, masticatory performance, occlusal force, and tongue pressure) and physical motor functions (gait speed, knee extension force, and one-legged standing) were also assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney's U-test, the χ2 test, and a logistic regression model. RESULTS: In all subjects, 23% had a history of falling, while 40% had anxiety over falling. Both factors were significantly higher among female subjects, who also had slower gait speeds, and greater lateral differences in occlusion. The subjects with histories of falling were older, had impaired physical motor function, and exhibited a decrease in occlusal force and left/right occlusal imbalances. We recognized similar trends for anxiety about falling. CONCLUSIONS: These results revealed that the risk of falling might be lessened by maintaining healthy teeth occlusion and promoting healthy oral function.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph16203843

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OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to compare the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) retrodiscal tissue T2 relaxation times between patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and asymptomatic volunteers and to assess the diagnostic potential of this approach. STUDY DESIGN: Patients with TMD (n = 173) and asymptomatic volunteers (n = 17) were examined by using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance scanner. The imaging protocol consisted of oblique sagittal, T2-weighted, 8-echo fast spin echo sequences in the closed mouth position. Retrodiscal tissue T2 relaxation times were obtained. Additionally, disc location and reduction, disc configuration, joint effusion, osteoarthritis, and bone edema or osteonecrosis were classified using MRI scans. The T2 relaxation times of each group were statistically compared. RESULTS: Retrodiscal tissue T2 relaxation times were significantly longer in patient groups than in asymptomatic volunteers (P < .01). T2 relaxation times were significantly longer in all of the morphologic categories. The most important variables affecting retrodiscal tissue T2 relaxation times were disc configuration, joint effusion, and osteoarthritis. CONCLUSIONS: Retrodiscal tissue T2 relaxation times of patients with TMD were significantly longer than those of healthy volunteers. This finding may lead to the development of a diagnostic marker to aid in the early detection of TMDs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.02.005

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BACKGROUND: Several methods exist for objectively evaluating chewing efficiency by using gummy jelly. However, the validity of the subjective visual evaluation of chewing efficiency has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE: To verify with an epidemiological study, the validity of a visual scoring method using gummy jelly by testing the relationship between masticatory performance (MP) using a fully automatic measuring system and visual score (VS) using a visual scoring method. METHODS: Community-dwelling elderly individuals (n = 1234) ≥70 years old participated. One evaluator measured VS consecutively after participants chewed the gummy jelly (ie, actual-VS). The chewed jelly was photographed. Two evaluators used the photograph to measure the gummy jelly (ie, photo-VS). To test the validity of both methods, the correlation between actual-VS and MP and between photo-VS and MP were analysed. Inter-rater reliability between the evaluators of photo-VS was analysed. RESULTS: Significant correlations existed between actual-VS and MP and between photo-VS and MP (r = 0.86-0.87; P < 0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient of the inter-rater reliability for photo-VS was very high (0.93; P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval: 0.877-0.953); however, the distribution of photo-VS deviated slightly from the actual-VS. A large coefficient of variation in the MP for low VSs suggested the influence of incomplete comminution, which was not reflected by the VS, and the accidental swallowing of small pieces during chewing. CONCLUSION: The VS deviated slightly from the MP calculated using a fully automated method; however, the VS can be utilised for epidemiological surveys with numerous participants.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.12761

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BACKGROUND: Oral functions are known to decline with aging. However, there is limited evidence that supports the relationship between oral health and frailty. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral hygiene conditions, measured by remaining teeth and mucosa, and frailty among elderly people dwelling in a Japanese rural community. METHODS: We surveyed self-reliant elderly individuals aged ≥65 years who were dwelling in the Sasayama-Tamba area of Hyogo, Japan. Frailty was evaluated according to the total score of the Kihon Checklist (KCL). Based on the KCL score, elderly participants were divided into three groups: robust, pre-frail, and frail. The items measured to evaluate oral environment included the number of remaining teeth, denture usage condition, oral hygiene status, dry mouth condition, and salivary bacterial count. For statistical analysis, Fisher's exact test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparison technique were used. RESULTS: Of 308 elderly participants, 203 (65.9%), 85 (27.6%), and 20 (6.5%) belonged to the robust, pre-frail, and frail groups, respectively. The proportion of participants who were judged to have poor hygiene was significantly higher in the frail group than in the other two groups. The bacterial count was significantly smaller in the frail group than in the robust group, and the frail group had fewer number of remaining teeth than the other two groups, suggesting that the number of remaining teeth may be associated with bacterial count. CONCLUSION: In elderly adults, physical frailty may affect the oral hygiene status and condition of the remaining teeth.

DOI： 10.1186/s12903-019-0714-8

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI  

To develop effective nutritional interventions for preventing frailty, the specific problems associated with the dietary habits of individuals based on sex differences must be identified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary habits and frailty in rural Japanese community-dwelling older adults. We recruited 800 participants, aged 65 and older, who underwent a comprehensive health examination between November 2015 and December 2017. Dietary habits were assessed by a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Frailty was determined using either the Kihon Checklist (KCL) or the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS). The percentage of frail older adults was 8.4% according to KCL and 4.0% according to J-CHS. Various kinds of nutrient intakes, including three major nutrients, minerals, and vitamins in frail men, according to KCL, were the lowest. By contrast, there were no differences in nutrient intake between the robust, prefrail, and frail female groups according to KCL. We found significant associations of the intakes of soluble dietary fiber, potassium, folate, and vitamin C with a frail status in men (p = 0.035, 0.023. 0.012, and 0.007, respectively), and an association of the intake of vitamin C with a frail status in women (p = 0.027) according to J-CHS. Attention should be paid to the diagnostic criteria of frailty and to sex differences, when nutritional interventions for the prevention of frailty are planned.

DOI： 10.3390/nu10121982

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INTRODUCTION: Although previous studies have identified various factors related to masticatory performance, which factors affect longitudinal changes in masticatory performance have not been clarified. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to clarify factors involved in changes to masticatory performance and construct models from factors related to masticatory performance in a longitudinal study of a general urban population in Japan. METHODS: A total of 1,005 Japanese subjects (411 men, 594 women; mean age at baseline, 65.7 ± 7.7 years; mean follow-up period, 5.0 ± 0.9 years) were included in the Suita study. These subjects participated in dental checkups both at baseline (June 2008-December 2011) and at follow-up (June 2013-January 2017). The number of functional teeth and occlusal support areas was recorded and the latter assessed using the Eichner index. Subjects' periodontal status was evaluated based on the Community Periodontal Index. Masticatory performance was determined using test gummy jelly. Factors affecting masticatory performance at follow-up and the degree of their effect were investigated by multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: In multiple linear regression analysis with masticatory performance at follow-up as the dependent variable, baseline age, masticatory performance, number of functional teeth, and maximum bite force were significant independent variables. The results of multiple linear regression analyses by occlusal support at baseline identified only maximum bite force at baseline in subjects who were Eichner A and baseline age, masticatory performance, and number of functional teeth in subjects who were Eichner B as significant independent variables concerning masticatory performance at follow-up. CONCLUSION: Our study showed a relationship between longitudinal changes in masticatory performance and age, number of functional teeth, and maximum bite force and furthermore showed that the effects of these factors vary according to the residual number of occlusal support areas. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT: Patients and clinicians should recognize the importance of objective and quantitative assessment for chewing efficiency and understand that various factors are related to longitudinal changes in masticatory performance. The results of this study can provide basic data for preventing or improving the decline in masticatory performance for elderly people with varying numbers of occlusal support areas.

DOI： 10.1177/2380084418785863

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© 2018 The Author(s). Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of "admixture paste", which is a commercially available gel containing hinokitiol for use against severe stomatitis, and its characteristics as a moisturizing gel and denture adhesive. Methods: The admixture paste, which contained dexamethasone (Dexaltin®), gel for oral care (Refrecare H®) and petrolatum, and its 3 components, either alone or in different combinations, were subjected to viscosity, adhesiveness and elution testing to compare their physical properties. Viscosity was measured with a stress-controlled rheometer. Adhesive force was measured by tension test. Elution under a simulated oral environment was evaluated by monitoring with a fixed-point camera and absorbance. Both adhesiveness and elution were evaluated every hour for 6 h. A linear mixed-effects model was used to assess differences in the time course of elution between samples. In 3 og-rank test was used to compare time to elution into saliva among samples. Results: The results of viscosity testing demonstrated that the admixture paste had similar viscosity to cream-type denture adhesives and this was temperature independent. In the adhesiveness tests, the admixture paste showed stronger adhesiveness than that of cream-type denture adhesives. In the elution test, the admixture paste demonstrated gradual dissolution and apparent temporal changes for 6 h in a simulated oral environment. Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrated that the admixture paste has adhesive force similar to those of denture adhesives and good local retention in saliva, and that it might be suitable for therapeutic use in patients with severe stomatitis derived from radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy for cancer.

DOI： 10.1186/s12885-018-4017-2

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Gerodontology  

<p> We examined the relationship between body function evaluation associated with the muscle mass of limbs and the trunk, the risk of accidental falling, and oral function such as number of teeth and occlusal force, and analyzed the oral factors that raise the accidental fall risk in rural community-dwelling elderly in Japan.</p><p> The present study included 308 elderly people. Oral functional assessments were examined（e.g. number of teeth, occlusal support state, condition of prosthetic treatment）. In the body function evaluation, the walking speed test, time up to go test（TUG）, knee extension muscular strength measurement, and single stepladder position test in care prevention were performed based on the items that had been used as outcome measures with a locomotion function improvement manual. Physical activity and body composition analysis（skeletal muscle mass and fat mass）were obtained.</p><p> There was a significant positive correlation between the number of teeth and occlusal support/occlusal force. There were stronger relationships between TUG and the number of teeth/occlusal force, as compared with the other items. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found in the number of teeth and the amount of physical activity：the subjects with a large number of teeth showed a tendency toward higher activity during the day. As a result of examining the relationship between occlusal support state and physical function evaluation, the Eichner Class C group showed significantly lower body function, and the amount of physical activity also showed a significantly low value.</p><p> It is suggested that maintaining the amount of activity and physical function in everyday life may prevent the loss of teeth, keep good occlusal force and be closely related to reducing the risk of accidental falls.</p>

DOI： 10.11259/jsg.32.468

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DOI： 10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i1.57

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Aims

Sarcopenia, the age‐related decline in skeletal muscle volume and function, is associated with negative clinical and socioeconomic outcomes in elderly people. Clinical biomarkers to diagnose sarcopenia that can be quantified in a reliable, and cost‐ effective manner, are needed. We investigated whether the creatinine (Cr) /cystatin C (CysC) ratio is correlated with muscle volume and physical function in Japanese community‐dwelling elderly subjects.

Methods and results

The present study included 213 men aged 73.2±6.2 years and 464 women aged 72.4±5.5 years from a rural area in the Hyogo prefecture of Japan. To evaluate whether the Cr/CysC ratio is correlated with sarcopenia criteria in elderly individuals without severe renal impairment, we excluded subjects with estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;45.

The prevalence of sarcopenia diagnosed according to the AWGS criteria was 2.8% in men and 3.4% in women. The Cr/CysC ratio correlated with skeletal mass index (r = 0.49, p &lt;0.0001), skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.53, p &lt;0.0001), grip power (r = 0.59, p &lt;0.0001), knee extension muscle strength (r = 0.49, p &lt;0.0001), normal gait speed (r = 0.18, p &lt;0.0001), and maximal gait speed (r = 0.32, p &lt;0.0001). A negative correlation between the Cr/CysC ratio and, body fat mass (r = −0.20, p &lt;0.0001) and percentage of body fat mass (r = −0.39, p &lt;0.0001) was observed. In a multiple regression analysis, Cr/CysC was also found to be significantly positively correlated with each component of the sarcopenia criteria.

Conclusions

Even in elderly individuals without severe renal impairment, the Cr/CysC ratio was positively correlated with muscle volume and physical function and negatively correlated with body fat mass. Therefore, the Cr/CysC ratio might be a useful biomarker to predict sarcopenia.

DOI： 10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i1.57

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i1.57

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© 2017 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between displacement of the mandibular condyle/disc due to occlusal splint insertion with splint therapy and changes in discomfort of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and to clarify the relationships between the outcomes over time of temporomandibular discomfort and TMJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings at the initiation of splint therapy. Materials and methods A total of 75 patients admitted to hospital with discomfort around the TMJ were evaluated. A visual analogue scale for TMJ discomfort was administered during visits for approximately 3 months following the initiation of splint therapy. At the start of splint therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with and without splint insertion, and condyle and disc movements were evaluated. Disc balance, disc position and function, disc configuration, joint effusion, osteoarthritis, and bone marrow were evaluated. Linear regression and multiple regression analyses were used to clarify relationships between changes in discomfort and the factors evaluated. Results There was no significant correlation between TMJ discomfort and condyle/disc movement with splint insertion. TMJ discomfort was significantly relieved by splint therapy regardless of temporomandibular MRI findings. Unilateral anterior disc displacement and marked or extensive joint effusion fluid were significantly improved with splint therapy. Conclusion Discomfort tended to remit with splint therapy regardless of temporomandibular MRI findings. Improvement of TMJ discomfort appears more likely to occur in patients with unilateral anterior disc displacement and with an apparent organic disorder, such as a joint effusion.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.08.019

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© 2017, The Society of The Nippon Dental University. Tongue pressure is reportedly associated with dysphagia. This study investigated relationships among characteristics of head and neck cancer, tongue pressure and dysphagia screening tests performed in patients with head and neck cancer during the acute phase after surgical resection. Fifty-seven patients (36 men, 21 women; age range 26–95 years) underwent surgical resection and dysphagia screening tests (Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test, Water Swallowing Test, Modified Water Swallowing Test and Food Test) and pre- and postoperative measurement of tongue pressure at 5 time points (preoperatively, and 1–2 weeks and 1, 2, and 3 months postoperatively). Progression of cancer (stage), tracheotomy, surgical reconstruction, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and neck dissection were factors associated with postoperative tongue pressure. Data were analyzed by linear mixed-effect model, Spearman correlation coefficient and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Tongue pressure was significantly reduced 1–2 weeks after surgery, and recovered over time. Changes in tongue pressure were significantly associated with stage, radiotherapy and reconstruction. All screening tests showed a significant relationship with tongue pressure. Analysis of ROC and area under the effect curve suggested that a tongue pressure of 15 kPa can be used as a cut-off value to detect dysphagia after surgery for head and neck cancer. Our results suggest that tongue pressure evaluation might offer a safe, useful and objective tool to assess dysphagia immediately postoperatively in patients with head and neck cancer.

DOI： 10.1007/s10266-016-0291-0

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© 2017 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Objective To clarify whether altering temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle and disc positions by occlusal splint (splint) therapy relieves TMJ pain and to determine whether splint therapy facilitates improvement of the ranges of condyle and articular disc motions. Study design A total of 150 joints of 75 patients admitted with TMJ pain/discomfort were evaluated. A visual analog scale for TMJ pain was administered during visits following the start of splint treatment. At the start of splint treatment, MRI was performed with/without splint insertion, after which condyle/disc movements were evaluated. Disc position and function, disc configuration, joint effusion, osteoarthritis, and the bone marrow were evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficients, linear regression, and multiple regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results Splint-related anterior movement of the condyle was related to TMJ pain. With a biconvex disc and/or bone marrow abnormality, splint treatment was ineffective for reducing TMJ pain. Conclusion Splint therapy was not likely to be successful for any kind of TMJ abnormalities, such as bone marrow abnormalities and/or a biconvex disc appearance on MRI.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.01.011

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DOI： 10.4172/2155-9600.1000631

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There is some evidence to suggest that chewing gum reduces chronic stress. However, it remains controversial how the taste and odour properties of chewing gum influence stress. The present study was designed to investigate this issue in human subjects. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we tested salivary cortisol concentration, which is thought to be a stress marker, in 96 adults who chewed gum with different combinations of taste and odour. Subjects could discriminate between the types of gum without prior information. Salivary cortisol concentrations were highest and lowest for the subjects who chewed the most flavourful gum and the least flavourful gum, respectively. These findings suggest that the salivary cortisol level during gum chewing is not a marker of negative emotions (i.e., stressful conditions) as traditionally considered but, rather, an index of positive emotions that can facilitate biological responses to overcome stressful conditions.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0173475

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DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.06.095

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OBJECTIVE: This pilot study tested the effects of submandibular and sublingual gland stimulation by interferential current stimulation (IFCS), a noninvasive mode of electrical stimulation. STUDY DESIGN: Three groups were enrolled in this study: 20 young adults, 19 older adults, and 21 patients with dry mouth. Four electrodes were attached to the submandibular area, and the secreted saliva was collected by using Salivette cotton rolls (Sarstedt K. K., Tokyo, Japan) for 15 minutes, either with or without IFCS. Patients were randomly chosen to receive IFCS. Each subject rated pain and discomfort on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after each experiment. Saliva chromogranin A levels were measured as a stress marker. To compare data between conditions with and without IFCS, a two-sample Student t test analysis was performed. RESULTS: Saliva flow was slightly increased in those in the dry mouth group receiving IFCS compared with those who did not receive IFCS (approximately 130%). However, no such difference was found in the young and older adult groups. There was no significant difference in the VAS values of pain and discomfort or in the stress marker levels between patients who received or did not receive IFCS in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: IFCS delivered to submandibular and sublingual glands may promote saliva secretion in persons who suffer from dry mouth in a manner that does not induce pain or physical stress.

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.01.017

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition  

オーラルマネジメントとは，狭義の口腔ケアとされる口腔清掃（Cleaning），咀嚼や嚥下のリハビリ（Rehabilitation）的な介入に加えて，患者・家族や医療従事者への教育（Education），的確な評価（Assessment），さらには抜歯や義歯の調整などの歯科治療（Treatment），の各要素が揃うことが重要であり，Cleaningから Treatmentまで，5つを適切に達成できれば，おいしく食べる（Eat）もしくは楽しむ（Enjoy）ことが可能となる，という概念である．&lt;br&gt;Cleaningから Eatもしくは Enjoyまでの頭文字6つを順に並べると CREATEで，「食べられる口を CREATE（つくる）」がオーラルマネジメントの目標である．オーラルマネジメントにおける CREATEの各要素別に，「口腔環境の整備」のためのポイントについて解説した．

DOI： 10.11244/jspen.31.687

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Objectives: This study investigated Whether playing wind instruments has adverse effects on musculoskeletal functions among junior high school students who play in music clubs. Material and Methods: The study included 210 junior high school students (35 boys, 175 girls) belonging to 1 of 4 different school clubs that practiced playing wind instruments more than 6 days/week. The mean age of the participants was 14 years. The study was performed using a questionnaire survey and an electromyographic examination of jaw and cervical muscle activities during playing wind instruments. Results: The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among the children playing woodwind (WW) or brass wind (BW) instruments was higher than in those playing non-wind (NW) instruments. Long duration of playing WW with a reed mouthpiece or BW with a small mouthpiece was suggested to affect the incidence of TMD, which was more marked in girls than in boys, irrespective of height or weight. Muscle activity in the masseter muscle during playing an instrument was significantly higher in the BW with a small mouthpiece group than in the NW group (p < 0.05). In cervical muscles, muscle activity of both the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles was higher during playing BW than in the case of other instruments, and activity in the sternocleidomastoid muscle was significantly higher in the BW with a small mouthpiece group than in the case of other instrument groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Playing wind instruments may have adverse effects on musculoskeletal functions among junior high school students playing in music clubs as compared with playing NW instruments. The prevalence of TMD among the students playing wind instruments was higher than in those playing other instruments. Long duration of playing those instruments affects musculoskeletal function, and this effect is more marked in girls than in boys, irrespective of height or weight.

DOI： 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00524

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society for Temporomandibular Joint  

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with a long duration, in which serious inflammatory symptoms develop slowly. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is among the frequently affected joints in late-stage RA, but it is unclear whether or not early-stage RA causes temporomandibular arthralgia. We present an interesting case of arthritis of the TMJ associated with multi-joint pain suggesting very early RA. A 22-year-old female patient was diagnosed with pain of the right TMJ, along with an affected instep and knee joint, showing prominent stiffness in the morning. The range of mouth opening was 40 mm at the first visit. MRI of the left knee joint and ankle showed growth of the synovial membrane and hydrarthrosis. Tests for rheumatoid factor and antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides were negative, but antinuclear antibody was positive. MRI of the right TMJ showed clear joint effusion, and condylar bone marrow abnormality. Arthrocentesis and lavage of the TMJ relieved the joint pain, and the range of mouth opening improved to between 42 and 46 mm, along with symptomatic improvement. Pain of the TMJ and other joints has been well controlled with antirheumatic drugs.

DOI： 10.11246/gakukansetsu.27.3

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2015237448

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY  

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: T2 relaxation time is a quantitative MR imaging parameter used to detect degenerated cartilage in the knee and lumbar intervertebral disks. We measured the T2 relaxation time of the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint in patients with temporomandibular disorders and asymptomatic volunteers to demonstrate an association between T2 relaxation time and temporomandibular disorder MR imaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-four patients with temporomandibular disorders and 17 volunteers were enrolled in this study. An 8-echo spin-echo sequence for measuring the T2 relaxation times was performed in the closed mouth position, and the T2 relaxation time of the entire articular disk was measured. Patients were classified according to the articular disk location and function, articular disk configuration, presence of joint effusion, osteoarthritis, and bone marrow abnormalities. RESULTS: The T2 relaxation time of the entire articular disk was 29.3 ± 3.8 ms in the volunteer group and 30.7 ± 5.1 ms in the patient group (P = .177). When subgroups were analyzed, however, the T2 relaxation times of the entire articular disk in the anterior disk displacement without reduction group, the marked or extensive joint effusion group, the osteoarthritis-positive group, and the bone marrow abnormality-positive group were significantly longer than those in the volunteer group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The T2 relaxation times of the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint in patients with progressive temporomandibular disorders were longer than those of healthy volunteers.

DOI： 10.3174/ajnr.A3880

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Objectives: We compared joint pain (JP) in patients diagnosed with and without articular disc displacement without reduction (ADD) based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and identified the characteristics of each JP. Study Design: Fifty-eight patients with restricted mouth opening and pain in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and with a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of ADD were selected. Diagnosis of ADD + JP and nonADD + JP was made with the use of the RDC/TMD. Results: A multiple regression analysis of the data disclosed a positive correlation between range of motion on maximum assisted mouth opening and visual analog scale (VAS) (severity of JP) in the ADD + JP group, and between chronic pain grade (CPG) and VAS in the nonADD + JP group. A significant difference was observed between ADD + JP and nonADD + JP groups in CPG; CPG was higher in the nonADD + JP than in the ADD + JP group. Conclusions: It is suggested that JP related and unrelated to ADD can indicate different types of disease. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.11.012

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Background:Flavor perception, the integration of taste and odor, is a critical factor in eating behavior. It remains unclear how such sensory signals influence the human brain systems that execute the eating behavior.Methods:We tested cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the frontal lobes bilaterally while subjects chewed three types of gum with different combinations of taste and odor: no taste/no odor gum (C-gum), sweet taste/no odor gum (T-gum), and sweet taste/lemon odor gum (TO-gum). Simultaneous recordings of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) and near infrared spectrometer (NIRS) were used to measure CBF during gum chewing in 25 healthy volunteers. Bilateral masseter muscle activity was also monitored.Results:We found that subjects could discriminate the type of gum without prior information. Subjects rated the TO-gum as the most flavorful gum and the C-gum as the least flavorful. Analysis of masseter muscle activity indicated that masticatory motor output during gum chewing was not affected by taste and odor. The TCD/NIRS measurements revealed significantly higher hemodynamic signals when subjects chewed the TO-gum compared to when they chewed the C-gum and T-gum.Conclusions:These data suggest that taste and odor can influence brain activation during chewing in sensory, cognitive, and motivational processes rather than in motor control. © 2013 Hasegawa et al.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0066313

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of computerized tomography (CT), particularly contrast-enhanced CT, in differentiation of jaw cysts and cystic-appearing tumors. Study Design: We retrospectively analyzed contrast-enhanced CT images of 90 patients with odontogenic jaw cysts or cystic-appearing tumors. The lesion size and CT values were measured and the short axis to long axis (S/L) ratio, contrast enhancement (CE) ratio, and standard deviation ratio were calculated. Results: The lesion size and the S/L ratio of keratocystic odontogenic tumors were significantly different from those of radicular cysts and follicular cysts. There were no significant differences in the CE ratio among the lesions. Conclusions: Multidetector CT provided diagnostic information about the size of odontogenic cysts and cystic-appearing tumors of the jaws that was related to the lesion type, but showed no relation between CE ratio and the type of these lesions. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.09.082

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Study Objectives: Sleep bruxism (SB) is reported to vary in frequency over time. The aim of this study was to assess the first night effect on SB. Methods: A retrospective polysomnographic (PSG) analysis was performed of data from a sample of SB patients (12 females, 4 males; age range: 17-39 years) recorded in a sleep laboratory over 2 consecutive nights. Sleep parameters and jaw muscle activity variables (i.e., rhythmic masticatory muscle activity [RMMA]) for SB were quantified and compared between the 2 nights. Subjects were classified into groups according to severity of RMMA frequency, such as low frequency (2-4 episodes/h and/or < 25 bursts/h) and moderate-high frequency (≥ 4 episodes/h and ≥ 25 bursts/h). Results: Overall, no first night effects were found for most sleep variables. However, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and stage transitions showed significant time and group interactions (repeated measures ANOVAs, p ≤ 0.05). The RMMA episode index did not differ between the 2 nights, whereas the second night showed significantly higher burst index, bruxism time index, and mean burst duration (repeated measure ANOVAs, p ≤ 0.05). Five patients of 8 in the low frequency group were classified into the moderate-high frequency group on the second night, whereas only one patient in the moderate-high frequency group moved to the low frequency group. Conclusions: The results showed no overall first night effect on severity of RMMA frequency in young and healthy patients with SB. In clinical practice, one-night sleep recording may be sufficient for moderate-high frequency SB patients. However, low RMMA frequency in the first night could be confirmed by a second night based on the patient's medical and dental history.

DOI： 10.5664/jcsm.3152

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Objective: This retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the influence of wearing dentures in the initial occurrence site of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Study Design: A questionnaire regarding the prevalence, therapy, and outcome of jawbone lesions during 2006-08 was mailed to 248 medical institutions with an oral and maxillofacial surgery department in Japan. Results: Ninety-nine patients wearing dentures had significantly shorter duration until occurrence than 151 patients not wearing dentures. In addition, remission of BRONJ affecting the mandibular canine and premolar region in denture-wearing patients was significantly more difficult. Poor oral hygiene status was found to affect significantly the prognosis of BRONJ in denture-wearing patients. Alcohol habit also delayed remission, but high body mass index promoted remission. Conclusion: Wearing a denture in the initial occurrence site of BRONJ was shown to influence the prognosis of BRONJ, especially in mandibular denture-wearing patients. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.04.002

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DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.11.029

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Mosby Inc.  

DOI： 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.02.008

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Jaw clenching (clenching) is the result of an isometric contraction of jaw closing muscles. Because of the location of working muscles and afferent information during tooth contact, the effect of clenching on the cerebral and systemic circulation might differ from that of isometric limb exercise. This study aimed to investigate the characteristic changes in cerebral and systemic circulation during jaw clenching by comparing those during handgrip exercise. Subjects were 17 right-handed men. Bilateral middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocity (MCAV), electromyography (EMG) of contracting muscles, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured during unilateral handgrip exercise and clenching tasks. Autonomic nerve activity was evaluated by analyzing fluctuations in HR and BP. MCAV was significantly increased during the task with significantly higher values on the non-working than working side irrespective of unilateral handgrip or unilateral jaw clenching. Changes in HR during jaw clenching were lower than those during handgrip exercise, and changes in vaso-motor sympathetic nerve activity during left jaw clenching were lower than those during left handgrip exercise. The present results indicate that, compared with handgrip exercise, unilateral jaw clenching promotes bilateral activation of MCAV with smaller effects on cardiac output and sympathetic nervous system activity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.07.028

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Jaw clenching (clenching) is the result of an isometric contraction of jaw closing muscles. Because of the location of working muscles and afferent information during tooth contact, the effect of clenching on the cerebral and systemic circulation might differ from that of isometric limb exercise. This study aimed to investigate the characteristic changes in cerebral and systemic circulation during jaw clenching by comparing those during handgrip exercise. Subjects were 17 right-handed men. Bilateral middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocity (MCAV), electromyography (EMG) of contracting muscles, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured during unilateral handgrip exercise and clenching tasks. Autonomic nerve activity was evaluated by analyzing fluctuations in HR and BP. MCAV was significantly increased during the task with significantly higher values on the non-working than working side irrespective of unilateral handgrip or unilateral jaw clenching. Changes in HR during jaw clenching were lower than those during handgrip exercise, and changes in vaso-motor sympathetic nerve activity during left jaw clenching were lower than those during left handgrip exercise. The present results indicate that, compared with handgrip exercise, unilateral jaw clenching promotes bilateral activation of MCAV with smaller effects on cardiac output and sympathetic nervous system activity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.07.028

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate, with the use of magnetic resonance images, mandibular condyle and articular disc movement on occlusal splint application. Study design: Thirty-five subjects were classified into "Pain" and "No-pain" groups based on visual analog scale scoring of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and were categorized as bilateral normal disc (ND), unilateral anterior disc displacement (ADD), or bilateral ADD position. t test and analysis of variance with multiple comparisons were used for statistical analyses. Results: Pain and No-pain groups showed significant anteroinferior and rotated movement of the condyle on splint application, but the disc did not significantly move in the Pain group. Of all groups, anteroposterior movement of the condyle and disc with the splint was significantly less in the unilateral ADD group. Conclusions: TMJ pain was associated with decreased movement of the articular disc. Disc and condyle movement was different in the unilateral ADD group in the presence of a splint compared with the ND and bilateral ADD groups. © 2011 Mosby, Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.013

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Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate, with the use of magnetic resonance images, mandibular condyle and articular disc movement on occlusal splint application.
Study design. Thirty-five subjects were classified into "Pain" and "No-pain" groups based on visual analog scale scoring of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and were categorized as bilateral normal disc (ND), unilateral anterior disc displacement (ADD), or bilateral ADD position. t test and analysis of variance with multiple comparisons were used for statistical analyses.
Results. Pain and No-pain groups showed significant anteroinferior and rotated movement of the condyle on splint application, but the disc did not significantly move in the Pain group. Of all groups, anteroposterior movement of the condyle and disc with the splint was significantly less in the unilateral ADD group.
Conclusions. TMJ pain was associated with decreased movement of the articular disc. Disc and condyle movement was different in the unilateral ADD group in the presence of a splint compared with the ND and bilateral ADD groups. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 112: 640-647)

DOI： 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.013

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC  

Purpose: The present study was undertaken to elucidate the factors responsible for the failure of arthrocentesis to cure persistent joint pain in patients with nonreducing articular disc displacement in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Patients and Methods: Thirty-six patients with internal derangement of the TMJ were selected. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the configuration and position of the articular discs, cortical changes, and bone marrow abnormalities in the condyle and the presence of joint effusion. Arthrocentesis was then performed, and the patients were followed for 6 weeks. The results were then classified as poor or improved. Results: The effects of arthrocentesis did not depend on the configuration of the disc, disc position and motion, or bone marrow abnormalities. Joints with no or minimal amounts of joint effusion achieved a good response to arthrocentesis. Joints with erosive cortical changes of the condyle were less responsive to arthrocentesis. Conclusion: Persistent joint pain after arthrocentesis is generally associated with extensive amounts of joint effusion or erosive cortical changes of the condyle. © 2011 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

DOI： 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.025

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC  

Mastication as a mild but life-long exercise has been examined as a possibility for maintaining brain function in the elderly. Little is known, however, about the cerebral circulatory response during masticatory movement. The aim of this study was to develop a monitoring system for circulation dynamics during masticatory movement and to apply this system to the study of cerebral autoregulation. Cerebral blood flow, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were simultaneously recorded, and changes in these circulatory systems were quantitatively evaluated in 38 young healthy volunteers. Transfer function analysis was also performed on blood pressure and cerebral blood flow for investigation of cerebral autoregulation during gum chewing. Although increases in cerebral blood flow, mean blood pressure, and heart rate suggested the activation of cerebral and systemic circulation during gum chewing, increased cerebral circulation was independent of systemic circulation. Our results suggest that cerebral autoregulation is well maintained during jaw movements. © 2011 International & American Associations for Dental Research.

DOI： 10.1177/0022034510383692

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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence on cerebral hemodynamics of voluntary control of masticatory side and rhythm during gum chewing. Blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery was measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate cerebral circulation in healthy volunteers. Heart rate and masseter muscle activity were recorded simultaneously. Volunteers performed three tasks: (1) free gum chewing, (2) gum chewing in which mastication was limited to the right side, and (3) gum chewing in which mastication was limited to the right side and rhythm was set at 1.0 Hz. Changes in cerebral circulation during pre-task, on-task, and post-task periods were analyzed using random effects model, and differences in cerebral circulation and muscle activity between tasks were analyzed using the Friedman test. In all tasks, on-task cerebral circulation was greater than pre-task. Muscle activity and masticatory rhythm varied between tasks, whereas the rate of increase in cerebral circulation did not differ significantly among tasks. These results suggest that cerebral circulation is activated during gum chewing, irrespective of voluntary control of masticatory side and rhythm. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

DOI： 10.1007/s00784-009-0338-5

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Hasegawa Y, Sakagami J, Ono T, Hori K, Zhang M, Maeda Y. Circulatory response and autonomic nervous activity during gum chewing. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 117: 470-473. © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Eur J Oral Sci Mastication has been proven to enhance the systemic circulation, with circulatory responses seeming to be largely regulated by autonomic nervous activity via a more complex regulatory system than those of other activities. However, few studies have examined the relationships between changes in autonomic nervous activity and the systemic circulation that are induced by masticatory movement. We investigated changes in the systemic circulation and autonomic nervous activity during gum chewing to clarify the influence of mastication. Electrocardiograms, arterial blood pressure, and masseter electromyograms were taken while chewing gum continuously as indicators of systemic circulation in 10 healthy subjects with normal dentition. Cardiac sympathetic activity and vagus nervous activity, as well as vasomotor sympathetic nervous activity, were evaluated by fluctuation analysis of heart rate and blood pressure. Repeated analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were performed to determine chronological changes in each indicator during gum chewing. Gum chewing increased the heart rate and the mean arterial pressure. Although cardiac sympathetic activity and vagus nervous activity showed significant changes, vasomotor sympathetic nervous activity did not. These results suggest that changes in the autonomic nervous activity of the heart are mainly involved in the enhancement of systemic circulation with gum chewing. This explains some characteristics of autonomic nervous regulation in masticatory movement. © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Eur J Oral Sci.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00637.x

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Language：English   Publisher：DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG  

In elderly persons, it is thought that maintenance of masticatory function may have a beneficial effect on maintenance of cerebral function. However, few studies on cerebral circulation during mastication exist. This study aimed to verify a possible increase in cerebral circulation and the presence of cerebral hemispheric dominance during gum chewing. Twelve healthy, young right-handed subjects with normal dentition were enrolled. Bilateral middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocities (MCAV), heart rate, and arterial carbon dioxide levels were measured during a handgrip exercise and gum chewing. During gum chewing, electromyography of the bilateral masseter muscle was recorded.MCAV and heart rate significantly increased during exercise compared to values at rest.During gum chewing, there were no differences in the rate of increase in MCAV between the working and non-working sides, but during the handgrip exercise, the rate of increase in MCAV was significantly greater for the non-working side than for the working side.During gum chewing,muscle activity on the working side was significantly greater than that on the non-working side. These results suggest that during gum chewing, cerebral circulation increases bilaterally and does not show contralateral dominance, as it does during the handgrip exercise. © 2007 Steinkopff-Verlag.

DOI： 10.1007/s00415-007-0570-3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Temporal changes in cerebral blood flow induced by jaw movement have yet to be investigated. To assess the influence of pattern and intensity of muscle contraction during jaw movement on task-induced change in cerebral blood flow, we performed bilateral transcranial Doppler ultrasound examination during clenching, gum chewing, and tooth tapping in healthy volunteers. A random-effects model analysis revealed a significant increase in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during clenching (high muscle activity) and gum chewing (moderate muscle activity), compared with the preceding rest period; however, such an increase was not detected during tooth tapping (low muscle activity). Cerebral blood flow was greater on the working side during the intensive isometric contraction of the masseter muscle in clenching. These results suggest that task-induced change in cerebral blood flow during jaw movement is influenced by the change in peripheral circulation evoked by muscle contraction.

DOI： 10.1177/154405910708600110

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20220607170003&doc_link_id=%2Fex2gakuk%2F2021%2F002701%2F004%2F0014-0015%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fex2gakuk%2F2021%2F002701%2F004%2F0014-0015%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

日中覚醒時ブラキシズム(d-AB)の自覚の有無と日中覚醒時咬筋活動の実態の関係性について検討した。日中の歯ぎしりやくいしばりの自覚がある者、および健常者のうち、筋電図波形解析を終えた93名(男性42名、女性51名、平均27.16±10.29歳)を対象とした。このうち、日中咬みしめの自覚のあるものが45名(d-AB群)、自覚のないものが48名(N-d-AB群)であった。筋電図解析は測定2日目の筋電図データを対象とした。波形を抽出し、持続時間0.25～2秒未満の波形をPhasicバースト、2秒以上の波形をTonicバーストとした。波形群としては、間隔が3秒未満で三つ以上のPhasicバーストが連続するものをPhasicエピソード、一つ以上のTonicバーストを含むものをTonicエピソード、PhasicエピソードとTonicエピソードが混合したものをMixedエピソードと定義した。基線2倍以上のバースト数の平均はd-AB群が376.27/h、N-d-AB群が357.22/h、基線2倍以上のエピソード数の平均はd-AB群が47.13/h、N-d-AB群が47.12/hであり、両群の分布は近似しており有意な差は認められなかった。自覚にもとづいたd-AB疑い群と無自覚のd-AB疑いなし群における筋電図波形の波形数の数、大きさ、持続時間の分布はオーバーラップが大きいことが明らかとなった。d-AB陽性、d-AB陰性のカット持続時間のバリエーションはいずれも非常に大きいことが明らかとなり、多い場合は顎口腔系に負荷をかける要素となり得ることが推察された。

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20220607170008&doc_link_id=10.7144%2Fsgf.27.24&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7144%2Fsgf.27.24&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.27.14

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.27.24

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)8020推進財団  

口腔機能の低下が身体機能の低下、特に転倒リスクに及ぼす影響について検討した。兵庫県丹波圏域に在住する自立した65歳以上の高齢者で、医科歯科合同の学術研究調査に参加した674名(男性202名、女性472名、平均72.8±5.9歳)を対象とした。対象者のうちフレイルは55名(8.2%)、プレフレイルは209名(31.0%)であり、フレイル群が有意に高齢であった。フレイル群はオーラルフレイル該当項目が他2群と比較して有意に多く、身体機能が低下し、転倒の既往がある者を多く認めた。身体機能および転倒の既往と口腔機能との関連について検討した結果、咀嚼能力低下/嚥下困難感を認めた対象者が、身体機能が低下しているまたは転倒の既往があるという結果を示した。ロジスティック回帰の結果、自覚的な咀嚼困難感または自覚的な嚥下困難感がある場合は、フレイル/プレフレイルである場合が多く、フレイルは咀嚼困難、プレフレイルは嚥下困難を感じている場合が多いことが示唆された。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公財)8020推進財団  

フレイルを招きやすい口腔衛生環境の要因を調査し、適切に介入・支援すべきフレイル予備群と歯科的特徴の関連について検討した。兵庫県篠山市および周辺地域に在住の65歳以上の自立した高齢者を対象とする学術研究調査に参加した308名(男性107名、女性201名、平均72.7±7.1歳)を分析対象とした。健常群は203名(65.9%)、プレフレイル群は85名(27.6%)、フレイル群は20名(6.5%)であり、年齢、性別、BMIに有意な偏りはなかった。残存歯数は健常群(21.1±0.6)がフレイル群(16.4±2.3)と比較して有意に多かった。舌背細菌数はフレイル群が健常群より有意に低レベルであり、残存歯数と舌背細菌数とが関連している可能性が推察された。Clinical Oral Assessment Chart(COACH)での口腔状態の評価において、フレイル群で残存歯や義歯が汚れていると判定される割合が有意に高かった。他の項目においては、健常群とフレイル群での有意差を認めなかった。

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Language：English   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：8020推進財団  

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2020136751

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2020136750

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本咀嚼学会  

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.25.24

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.25.24

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2018&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20200514280006&doc_link_id=10.7144%2Fsgf.25.24&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7144%2Fsgf.25.24&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_3.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)ライフ・サイエンス  

近年、高齢者のフレイル予防と健康長寿における咀嚼の重要性が注目されている。咀嚼は運動としては軽微であるが、豊富な感覚情報や情動変化を伴うため、脳循環や体循環を賦活化する効果を有している。また、客観的な咀嚼能力検査によって、咀嚼能力の低下がメタボリックシンドローム罹患のリスクとなることが示唆された。さらに、肥満予防を目的とした咀嚼行動変容を促すための、ウエアラブルデバイスの開発が行われている。このように、運動、能力、行動の様々な面からアプローチすることによって、咀嚼を利用した高齢者のヘルスプロモーションの可能性が広がるものと期待される。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Gerodontology  

We examined the relationship between body function evaluation associated with the muscle mass of limbs and the trunk, the risk of accidental falling, and oral function such as number of teeth and occlusal force, and analyzed the oral factors that raise the accidental fall risk in rural community-dwelling elderly in Japan.

The present study included 308 elderly people. Oral functional assessments were examined（e.g. number of teeth, occlusal support state, condition of prosthetic treatment）. In the body function evaluation, the walking speed test, time up to go test（TUG）, knee extension muscular strength measurement, and single stepladder position test in care prevention were performed based on the items that had been used as outcome measures with a locomotion function improvement manual. Physical activity and body composition analysis（skeletal muscle mass and fat mass）were obtained.

There was a significant positive correlation between the number of teeth and occlusal support/occlusal force. There were stronger relationships between TUG and the number of teeth/occlusal force, as compared with the other items. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found in the number of teeth and the amount of physical activity：the subjects with a large number of teeth showed a tendency toward higher activity during the day. As a result of examining the relationship between occlusal support state and physical function evaluation, the Eichner Class C group showed significantly lower body function, and the amount of physical activity also showed a significantly low value.

It is suggested that maintaining the amount of activity and physical function in everyday life may prevent the loss of teeth, keep good occlusal force and be closely related to reducing the risk of accidental falls.

DOI： 10.11259/jsg.32.468

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DOI： 10.2186/ajps.9.186

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)ジェフコーポレーション  

オーラルマネジメントとは、狭義の口腔ケアとされる口腔清掃(Cleaning)、咀嚼や嚥下のリハビリ(Rehabilitation)的な介入に加えて、患者・家族や医療従事者への教育(Education)、的確な評価(Assessment)、さらには抜歯や義歯の調整などの歯科治療(Treatment)、の各要素が揃うことが重要であり、CleaningからTreatmentまで、5つを適切に達成できれば、おいしく食べる(Eat)もしくは楽しむ(Enjoy)ことが可能となる、という概念である。CleaningからEatもしくはEnjoyまでの頭文字6つを順に並べるとCREATEで、「食べられる口をCREATE(つくる)」がオーラルマネジメントの目標である。オーラルマネジメントにおけるCREATEの各要素別に、「口腔環境の整備」のためのポイントについて解説した。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.11244/jspen.31.687

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DOI： 10.11244/jspen.31.687

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society for Temporomandibular Joint  

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with a long duration, in which serious inflammatory symptoms develop slowly. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is among the frequently affected joints in late-stage RA, but it is unclear whether or not early-stage RA causes temporomandibular arthralgia. We present an interesting case of arthritis of the TMJ associated with multi-joint pain suggesting very early RA. A 22-year-old female patient was diagnosed with pain of the right TMJ, along with an affected instep and knee joint, showing prominent stiffness in the morning. The range of mouth opening was 40 mm at the first visit. MRI of the left knee joint and ankle showed growth of the synovial membrane and hydrarthrosis. Tests for rheumatoid factor and antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides were negative, but antinuclear antibody was positive. MRI of the right TMJ showed clear joint effusion, and condylar bone marrow abnormality. Arthrocentesis and lavage of the TMJ relieved the joint pain, and the range of mouth opening improved to between 42 and 46 mm, along with symptomatic improvement. Pain of the TMJ and other joints has been well controlled with antirheumatic drugs.

DOI： 10.11246/gakukansetsu.27.3

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DOI： 10.11246/gakukansetsu.26.114

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎関節学会  

DOI： 10.11246/gakukansetsu.26.114

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)総合医学社  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：福山市医師会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎関節学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本歯科医師会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.18.188

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.18.188

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎関節学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本アルコール看護研究会  

アルコール依存症病棟を退院した患者が活用する、地域のネットワークがどのような役割を果たし、どのように活用されているか検討した。対象は井之頭病院の2003年12月〜2008年12月に入退院した患者1,002件だった。対象者カルテより情報を収集した。ネットワークがなく当院外来のみは46%だった。紹介入院は全体で54%だった。紹介入院のうち、ネットワークが1つのみなのは、全体の41%だった。その構成は、他病院、クリニック、福祉が9割以上だった。ネットワークが複数なのは全体の13%だった。クリニックと福祉、他院と福祉が7割弱だった。ネットワークにつながらず、不明となってしまう退院患者は19%だった。退院後は医療につながり、施設の利用が約2倍に増えていた。退院後、独居38%、同居37%、施設10%、転院9%、不明6%であった。自助グループの有用性が示唆された。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

ゲルロードのエピテーゼ用粘着材料としての有用性を検討する目的で、エピテーゼ用シリコーンおよび皮膚に対するゲルロードの粘着力を測定した。接粘着材料として、不織布の上下にセグメント化ポリウレタンを積層させたゲルロードを用いた。被着体は、エピテーゼ用シリコーン材料とヒトの前腕内側皮膚とした。シリコーン材料はベースシリコーン対キャタリストを10対1で混和した室温加硫したシート状のものとし、未処理のもの(未処理群)、表面にシリコーン用プライマーを塗布したもの(プライマー処理群)、接着剤としてアクリル変成シリコーン樹脂を塗布したもの(接着剤併用群)を製作した。シリコーン未処理群の粘着力に対して、プライマー処理群はおよそ6倍、接着剤併用群はおよそ17倍に増加した。皮膚への粘着力は、接着剤併用群と比較して有意に小さかったが、プライマー処理群とは差が認められず、未処理群と比較して有意に大きかった。

DOI： 10.34333/jamp.33.2_59

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎関節学会  

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.16.34

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大阪大学歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.16.34

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

症例の概要:66歳女性。上顎前歯部の疼痛と、上下顎部分床義歯の外観不良を主訴に来院した。上顎前歯は歯根破折しており、追補された上顎前歯の人工歯排列位置は唇側に偏位し、外観障害を認めた。残存歯の咬耗や挺出状態および顔貌などから咬合平面の不正および低位咬合と診断し、治療用義歯とプロビジョナルレストレーションを利用して咬合高径および外観の回復を図った。適正な咬合高径と残存歯による咬合支持を確保した最終補綴装置を装着したが、2年5ヵ月経過時に7の挺出および遠心転位より抜歯に至ったが、その後は良好に経過している。考察:7は隣接歯と固定するか、対合歯との十分な咬合接触により長期保存できたと悔やまれた。結論:適切な咬合平面ならびに咬合高径を回復し、患者の希望に添った人工歯排列によって、機能・外観とも満足が得られる義歯が装着できた。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.2186/ajps.1.239

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.16.34

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.16.34

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Prosthodontic Society  

<B>Patient:</B> A 66-year-old woman was referred to our department because of pain in maxilla incisors and esthetic dissatisfaction of maxilla and mandible partial dentures. Residual root was fractured and the dentures had repaired repeatedly by supplement prosthesis. The anterior artificial teeth of maxilla had an abnormal appearance, and their alignment was deviated to the lingual side.<br><B>Discussion:</B> Judging from extent of attrition and extrusion of residual teeth, and the facial appearance, diagnosis were infraclusion and irregularity in the occlusal plane. The occlusal vertical dimension and the facial appearance were restored using treatment dentures and provisional restoration. The final prosthesis, having occlusal support of residual teeth and an adequate occlusal vertical dimension determined from that of the treatment denture, was applied to the patient.<br><B>Conclusion:</B> Two years and five months after the final prosthesis appliication, the patient underwent extraction of 7 due to its extrusion and distoversion. The patient has had a good satisfaction thereafter.

DOI： 10.2186/ajps.1.239

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 日本補綴歯科学会  

&lt;B&gt;Patient:&lt;/B&gt; A 66-year-old woman was referred to our department because of pain in maxilla incisors and esthetic dissatisfaction of maxilla and mandible partial dentures. Residual root was fractured and the dentures had repaired repeatedly by supplement prosthesis. The anterior artificial teeth of maxilla had an abnormal appearance, and their alignment was deviated to the lingual side.&lt;br&gt;&lt;B&gt;Discussion:&lt;/B&gt; Judging from extent of attrition and extrusion of residual teeth, and the facial appearance, diagnosis were infraclusion and irregularity in the occlusal plane. The occlusal vertical dimension and the facial appearance were restored using treatment dentures and provisional restoration. The final prosthesis, having occlusal support of residual teeth and an adequate occlusal vertical dimension determined from that of the treatment denture, was applied to the patient.&lt;br&gt;&lt;B&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/B&gt; Two years and five months after the final prosthesis appliication, the patient underwent extraction of 7 due to its extrusion and distoversion. The patient has had a good satisfaction thereafter.

DOI： 10.2186/ajps.1.239

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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