Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Hindawi Limited  

Bolus volume is very important in the biomechanics of swallowing. By noninvasively characterizing swallow responses to volume challenges, we can gain more knowledge on swallowing and evaluate swallowing behavior easily. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of bolus volume on the biomechanical characteristics of oropharyngeal swallowing events with a noninvasive sensing system. Fifteen healthy male subjects were recruited and instructed to swallow 5, 10, and 15 ml of water. The sensing system consisted of a tongue pressure sensor sheet, bend sensor, surface electrodes, and a microphone. They were used to monitor tongue pressure, hyoid activity, surface EMG of swallowing-related muscles, and swallowing sound, respectively. In addition to the onset, the peak time and offset of the above four structures, certain characteristics, such as the duration, peak value, and interval of the structure motions, were measured during the different drinking tasks. The coordination between the hyoid movement and tongue pressure was also assessed. Although no sequence of the structural events changed with volume, most of the timings of the structural events were significantly delayed, except for certain hyoid activities. The swallowing volume did not affect the active durations of the monitored structures, the peak values, or intervals of tongue pressure and supra- and infrahyoid muscle activity, but certain hyoid kinetic phases were prolonged when a larger volume was swallowed. Additionally, sequential coordination between hyoid movement and tongue pressure was confirmed among the three volumes. These findings suggest that oropharyngeal structural movements change in response to bolus volume to facilitate safe swallowing. The noninvasive and quantitative measurements taken with the sensing system provide essential information for understanding normal oropharyngeal swallowing.

DOI： 10.1155/2022/7146947

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Other Link： http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/abb/2022/7146947.xml

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: A rise in tongue pressure coincides with an increase in the suprahyoid muscles activity. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate the effects of holding a weighted plastic bottle on tongue pressure and the suprahyoid muscles activity. METHODS: Eighteen participants (8 men and 10 women; mean age 42 ± 16 years) participated in this study. All participants had no history of speech, language, hearing, or swallowing disorders and no tooth loss, and they did not require dentures. Healthy participants held gauzes connected with a plastic bottle with increasing resistive loads of 0 g, 250 g, 500 g, and 750 g, between their palate and tongue. The maximum tongue pressure and average tongue pressure were measured during a 5-second hold. The average tongue pressure was defined as the mean tongue-pressure data in each task. The suprahyoid muscles activity was measured using the electromyogram (EMG). The root mean square of the EMG signals measured while lifting different loads and while performing the head lifting exercises were compared. All variables were examined using the Friedman's test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The maximum tongue pressure (p < .05) and average tongue pressure values (p < .05) increased gradually in the anterior-median region with increasing resistive loads, and the root mean square amplitudes for 250 g, 500 g, and 750 g were not significant compared to head lifting exercises. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that Plastic bottle holding could be a potential strength-training tool for the tongue and the suprahyoid muscles.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13365

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107323

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the compatibility of masticatory performance tests using different two types of gummy jellies. BACKGROUND DATA DISCUSSING THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE FIELD: Compatibility between the glucose concentration measuring method (GC) and 10-steps visual scoring method (VS), which are masticatory performance tests for diagnosing decreased masticatory function (DMF) in oral hypofunction and the use of different types of gummy jelly, has yet to be confirmed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The participants consisted of 134 Japanese older people (51 men and 83 women). GC, VS and the increased surface area measuring method (ISA), as an alternative analysis method for VS, were conducted to evaluate masticatory performance. Cohen's Kappa coefficient was used to verify the consistency for detecting DMF between GC and VS. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyse the relationship between GC and ISA. Each masticatory performance was compared among three different groups for the number of residual teeth. Cut-off values of VS and ISA for DMF that were consistent with GC were identified. RESULTS: Glucose concentration measuring method and VS showed an excellent consistency (Kappa coefficient = 0.86). There was a high positive correlation between GC and ISA (r = .70). However, the change in masticatory performance according to the number of teeth was different between GC and VS/ISA. The cut-off values of VS and ISA were a Score of 2 and 1687 mm2 , respectively. CONCLUSION: Glucose concentration measuring method and VS/ISA remained fairly consistent for detecting DMF, which might be useful information to interconnect the various studies on masticatory performance.

DOI： 10.1111/ger.12601

PubMed

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/ger.12601

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

BACKGROUND: Although various training methods have been reported for improving oral function such as occlusal force, there are few reports that show the training effect of eating hard food on the oral functions. OBJECTIVE: To examine the training effects of habitually ating hard gummy candies on oral functions. METHODS: Participants of this cohort study were recruited into a training (six women, eight men; mean age 27.6 ± 3.5 years) and control group (two women, seven men; mean age 28.3 ± 4.9 years). The training group ate nine custom-developed hard gummy candies three times per week for 3 months. Training effects were evaluated by measuring the maximal occlusal force, masticatory performance, maximal tongue pressure, number of chewing cycles until swallowing the candy, duration of chewing and cycle time before training, after 1, 2 and 3 months of training, and 1 month after stopping training. The iEMG/force, which evaluates masseter muscle hypertrophy with electromyograms (EMG), was calculated. RESULTS: Masticatory performance after 1 month (p = 0.01), maximal occlusal force after 2 months (p < 0.01) and maximal tongue pressure after 3 months of training were significantly increased (p = 0.02), and the cycle time after 2 months of training (p = 0.02) was significantly decreased compared to before the intervention. Except for masticatory performance, the other effects were maintained for 1 month after stopping training. Changes in iEMG/force were not significant, but a tendency for muscle hypertrophy was observed in the training group. CONCLUSION: Habitual eating of hard gummy candies is a task-specific training that can improve overall masticatory function, including tongue pressure.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.13208

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

To provide appropriate foods for elderly people with eating difficulties, it is necessary to take account of the ability of compensatory mastication such as tongue squeezing. However, the biomechanics of tongue squeezing is still unclear. The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of the initial mechanical properties of gels on the change in tongue pressure production during squeezing and swallowing. As test sample, nine kinds of gels with three fracture force and three fracture strain were prepared. Tongue pressure during squeezing and swallowing gels was measured by using an ultra-thin tongue pressure sensor with five measuring points attached on the hard palate in seven healthy participants, and analyzed at four phases; Initial squeeze, Middle squeeze, Last squeeze, and Swallowing. The maximal magnitude of tongue pressure was increased for gels with higher fracture force at most measuring points and was decreased for gels with higher fracture strain at some measuring points on the median line during Initial and Middle squeezing. However, no influence by fracture force and strain was found in magnitude during Last squeezing and Swallowing. The duration of tongue pressure increased for gels with higher force at most measuring points during Middle squeezing, although no influence by strain was found during each phase. The results clearly show how the initial fracture properties of gels influence on tongue pressure production during each phase of food oral processing, which clarified one aspect of squeezing with tongue, as the compensatory mastication.

DOI： 10.1111/jtxs.12593

PubMed

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jtxs.12593

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

Older adults with disorders of mastication and swallowing are often fed soft foods such as jelly or puree. The texture of such semi-solid foods allows them to be squeezed between the tongue and palate rather than being chewed. However, it is difficult to visually identify such strategies for the oral processing of food. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that there is a difference in the sequential coordination between the masseter and supra-hyoid muscles, and to identify feeding behaviors such as chewing and squeezing using electromyography. Seventeen male subjects (mean age: 30.8 years) were recruited. Four kinds of gels were prepared (two kinds of fracture force and fracture strain) as test samples. Subjects were instructed to consume the gels in three ways: squeezing with the tongue, chewing with the teeth and eating freely until swallowing. The amount of squeezing/chewing and the consumption time was unlimited. The masseter and supra-hyoid muscle activity were recorded during the entire consumption time and videofluorography was simultaneously recorded during each ingestion. Lissajous figures were made from the electromyographic activity of the two groups of muscles during the first stroke, and a regression line was made to determine the gradient of each figure to compare squeezing and chewing using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The masseter and supra-hyoid muscles were active simultaneously during squeezing with the tongue. However, the masseter was active after the supra-hyoid during chewing. The gradient of the regression line from the Lissajous figures between the masseter and supra-hyoid muscle activity was positive during squeezing, but negative during chewing. Analysis of the ROC curve showed that the cutoff value of the gradient for differentiating feeding behaviors was 0.097, with a sensitivity of 95.3% and specificity of 98.4%. When we allocated 68 free intakes into squeezing and chewing according to this cutoff value, we could distinguish with good precision, and the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 86.8, 91.1, and 66.7% respectively. These results suggest that certain aspects of muscle activity differed among oral processing methods. Lissajous analysis of muscle activity was useful for identifying ingestion behaviors.

DOI： 10.3389/fphys.2020.00618

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

外科的切除を受けた患者の咀嚼機能障害と発音機能障害に対する下顎顎義歯の有効性について検討した。日本医学図書館協会に系統的な文献検索を依頼するとともに、顎顔面補綴診療ガイドライン2009年版を参考に適宜文献を追加した。検索期間は1996年1月〜2018年12月とし、複数のKW検索を行った。その結果、PubMed合計304論文、医中誌Web合計312論文の総計616論文が検索され、そのうち選択基準を満たす16編(症例103例)を今回の対象論文とした。対象論文に含まれる症例は、多種多様な下顎顎欠損形態を有していた。下顎骨再建が確認できたのは44例、非再建は55例であった。顎義歯装着後に下顎顎骨の再建・非再建に関わらず下顎運動の円滑な運動路、タッピング時の咬頭嵌合位への収束、咀嚼時の筋活動リズムの安定性向上が得られたため咀嚼運動が改善され、咀嚼効率の向上、摂取可能食品の増加、咀嚼から嚥下までの時間短縮による咀嚼機能の向上・回復の確認が報告されていた。基本的に患側での咀嚼機能回復度は低いと認識する必要があり、下顎顎義歯の装着は一般的に機能回復の即効性が低いものの、装着後経時的に下顎運動が安定し、咀嚼運動リズムが整うことによって咀嚼機能が回復されると考えられた。発音機能については、下顎顎義歯装着患者に下顎の患側偏位を抑制し下顎運動を誘導するパラタルランプを応用した症例の場合、発音時の下顎位が安定することで発音明瞭度が向上し、患者の満足が得られたとの報告があった。また、顎義歯を装着することで人工歯や義歯床による欠損組織の形態が回復し、審美的回復に患者の満足度を得たと考えられた。

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate tongue movement and its biomechanical effects during squeezing, one of the oral strategies for processing soft foods, by tongue pressure sensors, videofluorography, and surface electromyography. DESIGN: Fifteen healthy men (mean age, 31.0 ± 4.1 years) without dysphagia were recruited. A 0.1-mm-thick pressure sensor sheet with five measuring points, videofluorography, and surface electromyography were used for synchronous measurements of tongue pressure, hyoid movement, and suprahyoid muscles activity, respectively, while squeezing 5 mL of gels. Amplitude, duration, area, and their sequential order during initial squeezing were analyzed. Differences in hyoid position at the onset, peak, and offset of hyoid movement were also analyzed. RESULTS: At the beginning of initial squeezing, tongue pressure at the middle area of the hard palate, hyoid movement, and suprahyoid muscle activity appeared simultaneously, followed by tongue pressure at the anterior area and then at the posterior area. When the hyoid was in an elevated position, the amplitude of suprahyoid muscle activity and tongue pressure peaked. At the end of initial squeezing, the hyoid position at the offset of hyoid excursion was superior to that at the onset. All evaluation items of tongue pressure, hyoid movement, and suprahyoid muscle activity were modulated according to the texture of gels. CONCLUSIONS: During initial squeezing, tongue pressure, hyoid movement, and suprahyoid muscle activity were coordinated while being modulated by the food texture. At the end of initial squeezing, the hyoid was maintained in an elevated position, which might be beneficial for subsequent squeezing.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104631

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

BACKGROUND: Movement of the hyoid and laryngeal complex is critical for preventing aspiration, as well as smooth bolus passage through the pharynx. We have developed a non-invasive system for measuring laryngeal movement during swallowing with a bend sensor and have already reported the time coordination between the signal waveform from the sensor and hyoid movement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the quantitative association between the output value of the sensor and hyoid movement during swallowing. METHODS: A small bend sensor was fixed on the skin surface along the midline of the neck of 13 healthy men (mean age, 30.8 ± 4.5 years). Laryngeal and hyoid movements during swallowing of 5 mL of water were recorded synchronously by the bend sensor and videofluorography. The relationship between the bend sensor output value (LM value) and hyoid position (x- and y-axis displacements) by videofluorography from the onset to the offset of the signal waveform was analysed for all tasks and for each task using Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between the LM value and hyoid position for all tasks (x-axis displacement: r = .647, y-axis displacement: r = .233). In particular, there was a moderate to high correlation between the LM value and x-axis displacement for each task (.453 ≤ r ≤ .934). CONCLUSION: The LM value can be a quantitative parameter of anterior hyoid movement during swallowing that might be associated with bolus flow and upper oesophageal sphincter opening.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.12906

PubMed

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/joor.12906

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

上顎欠損の治療法としての顎義歯と外科的再建について文献的比較検討を行った。PubMedと医中誌を検索し、37編(和文10編、英文27編)が今回の検討対象論文として抽出された。上顎亜全摘術(眼窩底保存)以下の上顎部分切除術に相当する硬口蓋・歯槽部片側欠損以下で、残存歯があれば顎義歯が有効であることが示された。また、腫瘍制御に不安ないし困難な症例では顎義歯が適用され、経過良好であれば必要に応じ二次再建について検討するとする治療選択も報告されていた。生命予後は大欠損をきたすような進展例では不良であり、顎義歯を選択するか再建手術を選択するかは個々の患者のQOLを優先して、適切な治療法を選択すべきと考えられた。修復方法として顎義歯か外科的再建のいずれを選択するが、後者を選択するとしても適切な再建手術手技の検討に欠損分類は不可欠であると考えられた。

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

上顎欠損患者にインプラント顎義歯を製作後、機能評価を行った論文を抽出し、その効果と影響因子について検討した。PubMedと医中誌を検索し、17編(和文5編、英文12編)が今回の検討対象論文として抽出された。どの文献においても従来型顎義歯と比較してインプラント顎義歯を装着した方がより高い咀嚼機能を示した。上顎欠損症例の顎義歯にインプラントを応用することで、機能時の顎義歯の支持、安定、維持が改善し、口腔機能(特に咀嚼や発音)がより向上すると報告されている。可撤性のインプラント顎義歯装着患者と骨皮弁再建後の固定性ボーンアンカードブリッジ装着患者の咀嚼機能や発音機能を含む口腔機能をObturator Functioning Scaleで比較した横断研究では、両者の間に有意な差は認められなかった。今回の検索で得られた文献では、インプラント顎義歯を支持するインプラント体の喪失は報告されていなかった。

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

下顎欠損患者にインプラント顎義歯を製作後、機能評価を行った論文を抽出し、その効果と影響因子について検討した。PubMedと医中誌を検索し、28編が今回の検討対象論文として抽出された。咬合力、咀嚼能率、食物摂取調査の咀嚼スコアを用いた評価において、インプラント顎義歯装着後にスコアが有意に向上したとする報告、同一患者において従来の顎義歯よりもインプラント顎義歯のほうが欠損側における咀嚼能率が高いといった報告、摂取可能な食品が増加したといった報告などがあげられていた。隣接軟組織の切除症例の報告から、インプラントにより補綴装置の維持・安定性が確保されても、本来軟組織が担っている機能が代償されるわけではないと考えられた。腓骨や腸骨により下顎骨再建を行った症例に関して、従来の顎義歯では安定が得られにくい症例においては有効な治療法となりうると考えられた。

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/joor.12626

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine  

DOI： 10.2490/jjrmc.54.666

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

58歳男。上顎骨骨肉腫に対する重粒子線治療後に広範囲の顔面・口蓋欠損が生じ、高度の開口障害を伴った。補綴装置で治療を行う際、「エピテーゼ」「栓塞子」「口蓋床」に3分割する設計としたことで良好な口腔機能改善が得られた。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

上顎腫瘍術後患者における早期顎義歯の有効性について検討した。口腔腫瘍初発症で、継続的に顎補綴治療、リハビリテーションを実施した上顎腫瘍術後患者18例を対象とした。早期顎義歯を用いた術式10例(早期顎義歯群)、ISOから顎義歯に至る通常の術式8例(通法群)であった。早期顎義歯群において、早期顎義歯装着の術後平均日数は約17日、各補綴装置の装着(栓塞子追補)は術後約74日で、通法群の顎義歯装着の平均日数は術後約208日であった。早期顎義歯群の開始期評価の平均日数は術後約55日、維持期評価の平均日数は術後約181日で、通法群では約135日、約369日であった。重回帰分析の結果、開始期において早期顎義歯群と通法群の間で差がみられた「speech」、「social eating」、「social contact」のQOLスコアに対して、補綴術式の違いが有意な説明変数として選択された。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2017&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20170814470014&doc_link_id=10.7144%2Fsgf.23.138&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7144%2Fsgf.23.138&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_3.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2016&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20160908470017&doc_link_id=%2Fex2gakuk%2F2016%2F002202%2F017%2F0148-0149%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fex2gakuk%2F2016%2F002202%2F017%2F0148-0149%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2015&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20150812230004&doc_link_id=%2Fex2gakuk%2F2015%2F002102%2F004%2F0122-0123%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fex2gakuk%2F2015%2F002102%2F004%2F0122-0123%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本顎顔面補綴学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Movement Disorder Society of Japan (MDSJ)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2014&ichushi_jid=J02994&link_issn=&doc_id=20150213300008&doc_link_id=%2Fex2gakuk%2F2014%2F002101%2F008%2F0042-0043%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fex2gakuk%2F2014%2F002101%2F008%2F0042-0043%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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