Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MediHealth Academy  

Aims: Dental procedures involve intricate techniques that can be challenging to visualize, often hindering imitation and assessment. In this study, the impression-taking performance of abutment teeth was quantitatively analyzed to create objective indexes for dental skill education.Methods: Participants were divided into two groups of different clinical experience levels: 10 dentists and 10 dental students. An aluminum model of abutment teeth was employed to simplify the experiment. An optical motion capture system (VICON, Oxford, UK) measured participants’ movements. The impression accuracy, time length on the analyzed section, impression material pouring speed, total amount of impression material used, and syringe tip trajectory were evaluated. Fisher’s exact test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare the two groups’ results (?=0.05).Results: In the dentist group, there were few apparent failures and a high impression accuracy. The amount of impression material dispensed tended to be larger in the dentist group, with longer practice time and slower syringe movement speed. This suggested that the inexperienced participants were sufficiently unable to pour out the impression material. The syringe tip trajectories were not significantly different between the groups. An instructor’s advice is often limited to abstract feedback; therefore, specific suggestions might assist in effective skill education.Conclusion: It is possible to quantitatively analyze impression-taking performance and provide helpful information for dental skill education by using this system.

DOI： 10.51271/jdse-0036

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<b>Abstract</b> The Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata University has provided the program “Early Clinical Practice Ⅱ,” which includes mini-lectures concerning basic science and clinical site visiting, alternating with group discussions or presentations on the relationship between the basic and clinical aspects of the practice for third-year students. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of this program. Eight-seven students who participated in the program in 2021 and 2022 were recruited for a questionnaire survey and 47 responses were analyzed. The results of the questionnaire showed that many students in both years responded that this program was meaningful, and that the number of students in each group or clinical departments to be visited was appropriate. Regarding infection control, which is essential for healthcare professionals, all students answered that they understood the lecture given at the initial guidance. The clinical departments that were relatively specialized or included hands-on training, as well as the basic science fields that were easily imagined to be directly related to clinical practice, tended to be selected as the fields of interest of the students. The results indicated that this program is useful in providing students with an understanding of the relationship between basic and clinical medicine. It is necessary to refine the program to raise students’ motivation to learn and encourage further cooperation with basic and clinical faculty members.

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.39.1_17

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21K13639/

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<b>Abstract</b> Post-graduate clinical dental training underwent changes for the third time in 2021, as it had been necessary to improve the training curriculum to certify the competency of new dentists. It is considered that a multi-directional assessment is effective for clinical training. This time, a trial formative assessment by colleagues was given to dental residents in 2021 at the Medical and Dental Hospital Niigata University to evaluate the influence on dental residents’ awareness of post-graduate clinical dental training. The assessment included dental clinical knowledge, attitude, and communication ; they chose one of these and described it freely for the assessment.

 The parts of the assessment results were fed back to the dental residents. After the assessment by colleagues, a questionnaire survey of the assessment was performed. The results showed that dental residents pay attention to the attitude and communication of colleagues daily. It is suggested that colleague assessment is suitable for estimating attitude and communication.

 Almost all dental residents said that the colleague assessment was meaningful in order to understand what points they should improve, and thought the assessment was beneficial. It is suggested that assessment by colleagues has a positive effect for post-graduate dental training.

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.38.1_52

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<b>Abstract</b> Denture adjustments using fit-checking materials are a basic dental treatment that is frequently performed. However, an effective education method has not been established, because the acquisition of skills depends on the daily clinical experience of each learner. This study aimed to verify methods for teaching the ability to judge locations under excessive pressure on the inner surface of dentures for inexperienced student or trainee dentists.

 Thirty-nine trainee dentists working at Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital in 2020 or 2021 and five of their instructors participated. Complete dentures equipped with small convex parts for an edentulous mandibular jaw model were fabricated and a tissue conditioner was applied. The subjects identified the locations under excessive pressure of the complete dentures.

 Then, three teaching methods, 1) feedback after procedure, 2) explanation by instructor, and 3) self-learning with visual texts produced by photographs, were prepared to investigate their effectiveness for learning how to adjust dentures, and one of the methods was given to the subjects. Seven or more days after the teaching, the subjects identified the locations under excessive pressure of the same complete dentures again. The correct answer ratio of locations under excessive pressure and individual correct answer ratio were analyzed by teaching method and before and after teaching by using analysis of variance or multiple comparison.

 As a result, the ratio of correct answers after teaching was higher than before teaching. The individual ratio after teaching was higher than before teaching for each teaching method. These results suggest that the combination of these teaching methods was effective for teaching how to check the fit of dentures.

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.37.3_93

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19K03053/

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.26.12

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> This study aimed to use a custom-made dental simulator with force gauge for training of force acceleration during dental practice. Twenty-one trainee dentists at Niigata University Hospital participated and performed mandibular complete denture fit testing for adjustment. For all of the subjects, their force acceleration of denture fit testing (F₀) was measured after receiving a lecture on the experimental procedure and appropriate force (50 N) for the procedure. They were divided into two groups of 11 (group I) and 10 (group II). Group I practiced experience-based learning of 50 N force magnitude with the simulator. Each group was re-divided into two new groups, IA and IB, IIA and IIB. References to confirm the area to be adjusted were provided for A and B as photographs and as photographs with explanation respectively, and the force acceleration of denture fit testing was measured again (F₁). All of the procedures were done using denture-applied DENT-SPOT and the subjects were requested to explain the area to be adjusted. The answers were compared with the convex previously equipped on the alveolar ridge to calculate the correct answer rates. Prosthodontists were also asked to perform same investigation for the result of the fitting test on F₀ measurement and the correct answer rate was calculated. The results revealed that the force magnitude of F₀ to F₁ significantly increased in group I and there was no difference in group II. The correct answer rate between A and B also showed no difference. However, the force magnitude was correlated with the number of the area judged by prosthodontists. It is suggested that the device, with further improvements, might be useful for education on denture fit testing.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.36.2_63

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> Education for clinical techniques in dentistry faces difficulticulties such as factors concerning technical elements and the skills of handling various instruments properly, and the ideal educational method has not yet been established. This study aimed to solve the problem by measuring actual postures and motions by capturing the motion of the human body.</p><p> Seven male dentists and nine male 6th-year dental students in the Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata University participated in the study as the "dentist" group and "student" group, respectively. An optical motion capture system was applied to the participants to analyze their motions when preparing class I inlay cavities with an air turbine and diamond points.</p><p> The loci of the top of the diamond point were significantly different between the two groups and the preparation time of the dentist group was shorter than that of the student group. The dentist group did not move the wrist and elbow during preparation, and their head or chest kept a certain distance from the artificial teeth. During the practice, it appeared that the dentist group kept their upper bodies stable, whereas the students tended to control the air turbine only using the wrist and elbow while lowering their head.</p><p> The results revealed that this system can quantitatively analyze actual dental motions, including the positions of instruments and the upper body or trunk of the subjects.</p><p> It was also suggested that analysis by the system might be helpful to develop an objective method of assessing dental practice, although further investigation is needed.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.36.2_71

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)電子情報通信学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本補綴歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> Clinical practical training in the clinic is considered to be one of the most important educational programs for dental education. However, the period of clinical practical training at each university is regulated by its own curriculum, so it is necessary to improve learning strategies for clinical practice. Our research team has focused on this theme and our previous reports revealed that learning how to control the force acceleration during various procedures (dental force control) might be effective for improving or developing practical dental skills. Sixty-three trainee dentists and 15 dentists with over 10 years of experience working at Niigata University Hospital participated in this study and their dental force when performing five kinds of dental procedure was measured. Periodontal pocket examination (PPE), gingival retraction (GR), tooth extraction (EXT), full metal crown mounting (FMC) and impression for complete dentures (FD) were employed as frequent dental procedures. Dental force measurements were performed twice for 25 and 38 trainee dentists in April as the early stage (TD-E) and in February as the late stage (TD-L), respectively. The measured dental force was significantly different between TD-E and dentists (D) on TE, TDs and D on FMC. It is suggested that there may be an appropriate force to be applied for each dental procedure and that clinical experience might affect the dental force control. It is also suggested that demonstrating an appropriate force for each procedure might improve the learning of clinical practice. Further investigation will elucidate an appropriate dental force for each dental procedure and the amount of clinical experience or target force values required to acquire dental force control.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.35.1_3

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017354019

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> The qualitative improvement of educational ability of dental instructors is indispensable for practical dental education. The aims of this study were to verify the influence of clinical instruction evaluation by trainee dentists on developing the instruction ability of dental instructors and to motivate their educational activity.</p><p> Six senior dental instructors and seven assistant dental instructors in the dental trainee program of Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital in 2015 were included in the study. Twenty-two trainee dentists evaluated the clinical instruction of the dental instructors using a Maastricht clinical evaluation sheet at the end of the training period, and the evaluation results were fed back to each instructor. Then, a questionnaire survey of the instructors was carried out.</p><p> The senior dental instructors considered that the evaluation by the trainee dentists was reasonable and that the evaluation was necessary. Half of the assistant dental instructors answered that the evaluation was useful and will use it for their future instruction, however, some of them seemed to become aware of their role as an instructor for the trainee dentists. Both senior and assistant instructors indicated that clarifying the points to be noted in instruction was meaningful for all instructors to reach a consensus on the way of clinical instruction, thus improving the clinical training system.</p><p> Clinical instruction evaluation of instructors by trainee dentists may be useful to improve the motivation for developing clinical educational ability and accepted willingly by dental instructors.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.33.1_12

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> Dentists are required to adjust the force they apply at an appropriate level for each procedure. Therefore, it is essential for dental students and trainee dentists to manage the dental force and to learn dental treatment techniques. Our previous report revealed clear differences in dental forces applied by instructors and students. This study investigated the process of learning the dental force in postgraduate clinical training. The dental forces applied by 22 trainee dentists were measured at the early stage (June) and the late stage (February) using a custom-made dental mannequin equipped with a digital force gauge (IMADA) under the mandible. Periodontal pocket examination (PPE), gingival retraction (GR), removing subgingival calculus (SRP), tooth extraction (EXT), impression for full denture (FD) and full metal crown mounting (FMC) were selected for the dental force measurements as frequent dental procedures. The median peak forces for PPE, GR, SRP and EXT and the maximum values of FD and FMC were recorded at each stage and analyzed with statistical methods such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test or Mann-Whitney U test. As a result, significant differences were found in the data for EXT and FD. However, there were no significant differences concerning PPE, GR, SRP and FMC. It was suggested that the trainee dentists could improve their dental force management through clinical experience in postgraduate clinical training.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.32.3_166

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Dental Education Association  

<p> <b>Abstract</b> The basic skills required for dentists include using a suitable force for each procedure in addition to dealing with materials appropriately. However, it is difficult to teach force acceleration at the clinical site of dental procedures. Dental students and trainee dentists need to learn about the appropriate force (dental force) from their own study. Ten dental students in the clinical training curriculum and 10 dental instructors participated in the survey. The dental force they used for five dental procedures was measured by a mannequin equipped with a scale under the mandible. Periodontal pocket examination (PPE), gingival retraction (GR), grinding of dental caries (GDC), and mounting of a full metal crown (FMC) and removal partial denture (RPD) were prepared as procedures that require various forces from delicate to relatively high force. The force data were divided into a student group and a dental instructor group and analyzed with statistical methods. The results showed that the student group tended to use larger force than the dental instructors for PPE or GR, but tended to use a smaller force than dental instructors for FMC and RPD mounting. There were significant differences between the two groups in all five procedures. Furthermore, significant differences were found between PPE and GR, and between FMC and RPD in the dental instructor group. It is suggested that the force acceleration used by dentists is closely related to their clinical experience.</p>

DOI： 10.24744/jdea.32.1_22

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Joint Automatic Control Conference  

DOI： 10.11511/jacc.66.0_1212

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本総合歯科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmebiofro.2022.32.1d25

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.27.36

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

<p>In order to construct the skill acquisition method for a common treatment of dental caries, it is necessary to prepare quantitative guidelines for Dental students.</p><p>In this study, measurement and analysis for the movements of fingers and turbine have been conducted during tooth removal and restoration process using three-dimensional motion capture. Through the comparison and examination of them, validity of the constructed system has been confirmed in this paper. Moreover, the differences in cutting techniques between skilled doctors and beginner students have been discussed.</p><p>Especially, effectiveness of locations for the reflective marker for the motion analysis on the fingers from the viewpoint of improvement for the imaging environment.</p>

DOI： 10.1299/jsmermd.2020.1P2-M08

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.24.126

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DOI： 10.7144/sgf.24.118

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function  

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.23.30

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Event date： 2020.9 - 2020.10

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