担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Wiley  

Recently, optogenetic techniques have emerged as a method to optically manipulate molecular and cellular events in target cells both in vitro and in vivo. Optogenetics results from the fruitful combination of optics and genetic engineering, maximizing the advantages of each discipline. These advantages are optical control through the manipulation of wavelength and light intensity on the millisecond timescale, and specific gene expression and gene product trafficking with subcellular precision. This kind of fine‐tuning cannot be achieved using traditional methods. Therefore, optogenetic techniques have brought a revolution to neuroscience. In this review, we provide a concise summary of the history and recent advances of optogenetics, focusing in particular on applications for psychiatric research.

DOI： 10.1111/pcn.12516

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Dendritic spine generation and elimination play an important role in learning and memory, the dynamics of which have been examined within the neocortex in vivo. Spine turnover has also been detected in the absence of specific learning tasks, and is frequently exaggerated in animal models of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study aimed to examine whether the baseline rate of spine turnover was activity-dependent. This was achieved using a microfluidic brain interface and open-dura surgery, with the goal of abolishing neuronal Ca²⁺ signaling in the visual cortex of wild-type mice and rodent models of fragile X syndrome (Fmr1 knockout [KO]). In wild-type and Fmr1 KO mice, the majority of baseline turnover was found to be activity-independent. Accordingly, the application of matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors selectively restored the abnormal spine dynamics observed in Fmr1 KO mice, without affecting the intrinsic dynamics of spine turnover in wild-type mice. Such findings indicate that the baseline turnover of dendritic spines is mediated by activity-independent intrinsic dynamics. Furthermore, these results suggest that the targeting of abnormal intrinsic dynamics might pose a novel therapy for ASD.

DOI： 10.1038/srep26651

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その他リンク： https://www.nature.com/articles/srep26651

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1038/nature15257

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その他リンク： http://www.nature.com/articles/nature15257

総ページ数：p2540-2672   記述言語：日本語

CiNii Books

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総ページ数：11, 1690-1826, 7p   記述言語：日本語

CiNii Books

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DOI： 10.11481/topics22

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群馬大学内における研究技術普及活動の一環として、マウス胎児への子宮内エレクトロポレーション法（遺伝子導入法）のマニュアル作成およびセミナーの実施

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