Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE Publications  

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries on primary teeth and to evaluate the cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva among Myanmar schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 264 schoolchildren from three primary schools in the urban area of Yangon city in 2019. Clinical oral examinations, caries risk tests, and questionnaire surveys were conducted. Overall caries prevalence was 84.1% with a mean decayed, missing, filled primary teeth (dmft) count of 5.84 ± 4.57. Children’s caries experience and debris scores were significantly associated with their bacteria score level. Father’s occupation was significantly associated with caries prevalence ( P = .024) and dmft ( P = .021). Father’s occupation, snack types, habit of eating sweet food combinations, drink types, and debris score were five significant predictors of dental caries in our study. Dental caries is currently a public health problem among Myanmar children. Caries experience and oral hygiene status were strongly influenced by cariogenic bacteria.

DOI： 10.1177/10105395221139347

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2960285

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

<title>Abstract</title>The clinical features of xerostomia induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are similar to those of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), whereas the immunohistological and serological features are known to differ from those of SS. However, the radiologic imaging features of salivary glands are not yet well known. We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient diagnosed with ICI-induced xerostomia. The patient underwent various imaging examinations to investigate the condition of the salivary glands, which indicated the following: (1) less specific findings on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, (2) mixed with intermediate and low signal intensity on both <italic>T</italic>_{<italic>1</italic>}-weighted and fat-suppressed <italic>T</italic>_{<italic>2</italic>}-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and poor “salt and pepper” appearance on magnetic resonance sialography, and (3) multiple ovoid hypoechoic areas with hyperechoic bands without acute sialadenitis on ultrasound. These radiologic imaging findings suggested remarkable lymphocyte infiltration, which could be a characteristic of ICI-induced xerostomia.

DOI： 10.1007/s11282-020-00480-9

PubMed

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11282-020-00480-9/fulltext.html

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Few studies have assessed the possible interaction between and impact of IL-6 variants and serum α-tocopherol levels on periodontal condition in older individuals. Here, we assessed the relationship between IL-6 variants and serum α-tocopherol levels on periodontal condition by considering effect modification. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Among the study participants, 359 who were 71 years of age underwent a dental examination, biochemical analysis, and interview. After dividing the participants into tertiles based on serum α-tocopherol levels, we conducted Poisson regression analysis to compare the prevalence rate ratio (PRR) for periodontal disease markers with the IL-6 genotype (rs1800796) based on each tertile adjusted by the number of teeth present (offset). RESULTS: The PRRs of the IL-6 genotype for periodontal condition (probing pocket depth [PPD], clinical attachment level [CAL], and bleeding on probing [BOP]) which were adjusted by the number of teeth present (offset) were 1.17 (P < .001), 1.37 (P < .001), and 1.08 (P = .048), respectively. In addition, a significant association was found between the reciprocal number of PRRs of the IL-6 genotype and three serum α-tocopherol levels. The adjusted PRRs (± standard error) of the IL-6 genotypes for PPD were 0.48 (0.12) for the first group (P < .001), 1.54 (0.04) for the second group (P < .001), and 2.11 (0.03) for the third group (P < .001); similar tendencies were seen for CAL and BOP. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest a potential association between the IL-6 genotype and periodontal condition in relation to serum antioxidant concentrations.

DOI： 10.1111/jre.12802

PubMed

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jre.12802

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

For a healthy oral cavity, maintaining a healthy microbiome is essential. However, data on healthy microbiomes are not sufficient. To determine the nature of the core microbiome, the oral-microbiome structure was analyzed using pyrosequencing data. Saliva samples were obtained from healthy 90-year-old participants who attended the 20-year follow-up Niigata cohort study. A total of 85 people participated in the health checkups. The study population consisted of 40 male and 45 female participants. Stimulated saliva samples were obtained by chewing paraffin wax for 5 min. The V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were amplified by PCR. Pyrosequencing was performed using MiSeq. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were assigned on the basis of a 97% identity search in the EzTaxon-e database. Using the threshold of 100% detection on the species level, 13 species were detected: Streptococcus sinensis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius, KV831974_s, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Veillonella dispar, Granulicatella adiacens, Streptococcus_uc, Streptococcus peroris, KE952139_s, Veillonella parvula, Atopobium parvulum, and AFQU_vs. These species represent potential candidates for the core make-up of the human microbiome.

DOI： 10.3390/app10186450

Scopus

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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DOI： 10.1111/jcpe.13115

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

職域における歯科保健事業として、疾病の早期発見を目的とした歯科健診が主に行われてきた。こうした従来型の歯科健診から、行動・環境リスク発見型・行動変容支援型歯科健診への転換を目的として、日本歯科医師会で「標準的な成人健診プログラム・保健指導マニュアル」(生活歯援プログラム)が策定された。本調査ではこのプログラムに基づいた歯科健診と保健指導が、歯科健診単独に比べてどの程度優れているのか検討を行った。新潟市内の3企業の従業員129名(44.6±11.5歳)を対象としてランダムに2群に分け、介入群には生活歯援プログラムに準じた歯科健診と保健指導を、対照群には歯科健診のみを行った。保健行動を把握するための質問紙調査をベースライン時、3ヵ月後、6ヵ月後および1年後に行い、この間の行動変容を調べた。その結果、介入群と対照群のいずれにおいても「職場や外出先での歯磨き」や「フッ素入りの歯磨剤の使用」、「歯間ブラシ・フロスの使用」が有意に改善していた。ただ、介入群では1年後まですべての時点でベースライン時に比べ有意に改善していたのに対し、対照群では一部の時点で有意な改善がみられたのみであった。したがって、従来型の歯科健診でも保健行動の変容がある程度期待できるが、その期間は限定的であること、歯科健診に加え生活歯援プログラムに準じた保健指導を行うことで行動変容はより確実となり、効果が少なくとも1年間持続することが明らかとなった。(著者抄録)

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Language：English  

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study analysed 345 participants, who were all 79 years of age. Kidney function levels were determined based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; non-reduced function: ≥60 and reduced function: <60 ml min-1  1.73 m-2 ). VDR TaqI genotyping was also studied. We calculated the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA). After classifying participants into quartile groups according to eGFR or PISA values, the subjects were then split into two groups (highest quartile versus the other three groups combined). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the odds ratios between the eGFR and VDR TaqI genotype with the different PISA groups. The eGFR was set as the dependent variable while the VDR TaqI genotype, HbA1C, gender, smoking habits and body mass index were defined as independent variables. RESULTS: A significant association was observed between the VDR TaqI genotype and eGFR in the PISA high group (odds ratio = 3.97, p = .027). CONCLUSION: Study results suggest that VDR TaqI genotype might be associated with CKD during inflammatory conditions caused by periodontal disease.

DOI： 10.1111/jcpe.12896

Web of Science

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本摂食嚥下リハビリテーション学会  

口腔乾燥症の原因は、シェーグレン症候群(SS)、ストレス、薬剤の副作用など多岐にわたるうえ、原因は1つではない可能性がある。しかし、口腔乾燥症の診断基準は統一されておらず、医療機関あるいは歯科医師によって異なるのが現状である。また、従来のフローチャート形式の診断チャートでは、複数診断を行うことが困難である。著者らは、口腔乾燥症の診断を統一基準のもとで簡便に行うことを目的として、口腔乾燥症の診断基準を作成した。また、その診断基準をもとに、A4用紙1枚の診断チャートを作成した。その後、2014年1月から2016年12月に当科を受診した初診患者220名を対象として、診断チャートを用いた臨床統計を行った。診断の結果、自律神経性口腔乾燥症(135名、61.4%)が最も多く、次いで薬剤性(126名、57.3%)、蒸発性(81名、36.8%)、シェーグレン症候群(35名、15.9%)、心因性(歯科心身症)(32名、14.5%)であった。複数の歯科医師による診断の一致度は、カッパ係数が0.99で非常に高かった(p<0.001)。診断名が2つ以上ついている者は74.5%であった。今回、口腔乾燥症には、複数の要因が関連している可能性が高いことが明らかになった。今後、口腔乾燥症の診断にあたっては、複数診断が可能な口腔乾燥症診断チャートを使用することが有用であると考えられる。(著者抄録)

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2018&ichushi_jid=J03152&link_issn=&doc_id=20190416130007&doc_link_id=%2Fcb5dvsph%2F2018%2F002202%2F007%2F0153-0160%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fcb5dvsph%2F2018%2F002202%2F007%2F0153-0160%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

Aim: We hypothesized that feeling mucosal dryness in one body region and the skin may be associated with dryness in other regions and that there are common background factors for dryness. In an earlier web-based survey, we reported prevalence figures of dry eyes, nose, mouth, skin, and vagina. In the present study, additional analyses were made to investigate the factors associated with dryness in each region, and simultaneous dryness in multiple regions.
Methods: A web-based questionnaire was completed by 310 Japanese women. The questions included dryness of the eyes, nose, mouth, vagina, and skin. Menopausal and other symptoms were also addressed. Multiple logistic regression modeling was performed to identify factors associated with dryness in each region and in multiple dry regions.
Results: Dry eyes were associated with dryness in the nose and with headache; dry nose was associated with dryness in the vagina and eyes; dry mouth was associated with sticky mouth symptom and dryness of the nose; dry skin was associated with use of xerogenic medications and vaginal discharge; and dryness of the vagina was associated with vaginal itchiness and dry nose. Vaginal discharge (odds ratio, 9.64; 95% confidence interval, 3.15-29.51) and sticky mouth (odds ratio, 6.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-31.29) were further associated with dryness in multiple regions.
Conclusion: The present results confirmed our study hypothesis by showing that dryness in one region was clearly associated with that in another or in multiple regions. The result implies the need for holistic diagnosis and counseling for patients with dryness complaints.

DOI： 10.1111/jog.13290

Web of Science

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Background and ObjectivePotentially significant associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontal disease have been reported in recent studies; however, there is a dearth of literature regarding the relationship of MetS with serum antibody levels to periodontal pathogens. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between MetS and serum antibody to the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) in 216 Japanese individuals aged 79years.
Materials and MethodsSerum antibody levels to P.gingivalis were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An elevated serum antibody response was defined as the upper quartile and was considered as the outcome variable. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of MetS defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with an elevated antibody status. Adjustments for gender, income, education, smoking status, dental-care utilisation patterns and brushing frequency were considered.
ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 22.2% (n=48). Study participants with MetS were 2.9 times more likely to have an elevated serum antibody to P.gingivalis (adjusted odds ratio=2.91, 95% confidence interval=1.24-6.85) after simultaneous adjustment for other covariates.
ConclusionOur findings suggest an independent relationship between MetS and serum antibody levels to P.gingivalis in the Japanese elderly. Additional longitudinal epidemiologic studies with larger, more diversified samples and more complete information are needed to substantiate our findings.

DOI： 10.1111/ger.12135

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

舌苔には多くの細菌が存在するため、口臭や誤嚥性肺炎の原因となる。舌苔は主にタンパク質から構成されることから、本試験は、システインプロテアーゼであるパパインを含有したゲルが機械的舌苔除去に及ぼす影響について検討することを目的とした。対象は23〜53歳の男性13名、女性7名である。被験者を無作為に2群に割り付け、両群とも被験試料およびプラセボを用いた実験に参加する交差研究とした。試験日に、2.5gのゲルを舌清掃直前に対象者の舌背に塗布し、1分間保持させた。その後、同一験者が舌ブラシにて100〜150gの荷重範囲で舌清掃を行った。舌清掃後、水道水20mlにて10秒間含嗽させた。舌苔面積および舌苔厚さ評価のために舌清掃前後においてデジタルカメラによる舌写真撮影を行った。なお、洗い流し期間は14日間とした。舌写真の評価は3名の熟練した被験者の情報をもたない歯科医師がソフトウェア上にて視覚的に評価した。2群間の比較にはWilcoxonの符号順位検定を用いた。舌苔面積はパパイン含有ゲルを用いたテスト群において、舌清掃後に有意(p&lt;0.05)に減少した。また、舌清掃前後における舌苔残留率は、プラセボ群に比べてテスト群が有意(p&lt;0.05)に低かった。舌苔厚さは両群とも有意(p&lt;0.05)に減少した。以上より、舌清掃補助剤としてのパパイン含有ゲルは舌苔除去に併用効果があることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.66.1_9

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本歯科保存学会  

目的:超高齢社会の現代において,咀嚼・会話・審美に不可欠な歯を喪失する最大の原因となっている歯周病を防ぎ健康増進を図ることは,歯周病が糖尿病や直接死因につながる循環器・脳・呼吸器疾患などと密接に関係することからも国民にとって急務である.本研究は,抗炎症効果を有するホエイペプチド(WHP)配合流動食摂取が臨床的歯周組織検査項目,唾液および歯肉溝滲出液(GCF)中の生化学的マーカー・炎症性サイトカインレベルに及ぼす影響について調べたものである.材料と方法:本研究は新潟大学倫理審査委員会の承認を得て,新潟大学医歯学総合病院にて実施した.インフォームドコンセントが得られた36名の慢性歯周炎患者(男性24名,女性12名,66.8±11.7歳)を対象とし,WHP摂取群(n=18),Control群として汎用流動食(Control)摂取群(n=18)に無作為に振り分けた.実施方法は評価者盲検法とし,摂取前と摂取4週間後に臨床検査としてPlaque Control Record(PCR),Gingival Index(GI),Probing Pocket Depth(PPD),Bleeding on Probing(BOP),Clinical Attachment Level(CAL)の測定,さらに生化学的検査として最深歯周ポケット部位よりGCFを採取し,炎症性サイトカイン(TNF-α,IL-6)量,Alanine Transaminase(ALT)量,Asparate Transaminase(AST)量,唾液中遊離ヘモグロビン(f-Hb)量を測定した.群間比較にはMann-WhitneyのU検定,群内比較にはWilcoxonの符号付き順位検定,相関分析はPearsonの積率相関分析を用い,有意水準は5%に設定した.結果:GCF中の生化学的パラメーターでは,TNF-α,IL-6はWHP群においてのみ有意に減少した.Control群では有意差は認められなかった.ALT,ASTは両群ともに有意差は認められなかった.臨床パラメーターは両群ともにPCR,GI,BOPにおいて改善傾向が認められた.PCRの低下したControl群でのみ,有意にGI,BOPが減少した.PPD,CALは両群ともに有意な変化はなかった.唾液中のf-Hb量は両群ともに有意差は認められなかった.結論:WHP群,Control群ともに,4週間の摂取により歯周病臨床パラメーターが改善されることが示された.特に,GCF中のTNF-α,IL-6がWHP群でのみ有意に減少したことより,WHPに含まれるホエイペプチドがGCF局所での炎症性サイトカインレベルに影響を与えた可能性が示された.(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.11471/shikahozon.58.109

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔診断学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔内科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

口腔乾燥症の診療では唾液分泌量を測定するが、その結果を記録するツールはほとんど見当たらない。また、他疾患の治療のための薬剤追加やストレスの原因となるイベント事象などは、唾液分泌量や乾燥感に大きな影響を与えるが、それらを記録するツールもない。したがって、症状の記録、患者-医療従事者間の情報共有、診療科間の情報共有、患者への情報提供、の4つを目的とした「ドライマウス手帳」を作成し、2012年4月に発行した。その後、医療従事者に対して、手帳のデザインや内容に関する無記名の質問紙調査を行った。質問紙調査の結果、手帳の大きさ、厚さ、文字の大きさ、唾液分泌量や症状の記入欄の大きさ、豆知識の情報量について「ちょうどよい」と回答した者はいずれも過半数を占めていた。改善点として挙げられたのは、常用薬剤の記入欄、症状のある部分を記入できる口腔内の図の掲載や、舌痛症や灼熱感などに関する情報提供などであったため、今後、手帳を改訂する際に検討したい。将来的には、口腔乾燥症と診断された患者すべてにドライマウス手帳を配布することで、患者-医療従事者間、医療従事者-医療従事者間の情報共有、患者自身の症状把握が進み、口腔乾燥症の診療の一助となればと考えている。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.63.4_337

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年歯科医学会  

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Language：English   Publisher：Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo  

<b>Aim</b>: In dental treatment, to remove an instrument, such as dental mirror or to remove a dental cotton roll inserted in the gingivobuccal fold, often brings the patient discomfort or pain. To prevent these uncomfortable conditions, dental instruments or dental cotton rolls are moistened based on an empirical basis. However, there has been no research done evaluating whether discomfort is reduced by these techniques. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of moistened techniques on the patientsʼ discomfort and the operatorsʼ ease. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: Thirty eight subjects without hyposalivation were studied. Two procedures were implemented. One was that a dry or moistened dental mirror was removed after exclusion of the buccal mucosa. The other was removal of a dental cotton roll from the gingivobuccal fold after either moistening it or leaving it dry. The subjectsʼcomfort and the operatorsʼ treatment ease were evaluated on five point scales. <b>Results</b>: During these procedures, the subjectsʼ comfort was significantly increased by moistening of both the dental mirror and the cotton roll. The ease of performing both procedures was also significantly increased for operators in the moistened condition. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the subjectsʼ comfort and the operatorsʼ ease. <b>Conclusion</b>: When using dental instruments and removing cotton rolls, moistening increases both the subjectsʼ comfort and operatorsʼ treatment ease.

DOI： 10.5466/ijoms.11.85

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DOI： 10.1088/1752-7155/6/1/017107

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO INC  

Purpose: To determine whether variation in glucan synthesis by Streptococcus mutans isolates is associated with caries development in children receiving a fluoride mouth rinse (FMR).Materials and Methods: Of 122 children (aged 9 to 10 years), 64 had received FMR (FMR(+) group) and the remaining 58 children had not (FMR() group). The number of decayed and filled teeth (DFT) and increases in the number of DFT in 1 year (dDFT) were recorded. Saliva samples were collected to isolate the clinical S. mutans strains. The isolates were incubated in heart infusion broth supplemented with 1% sucrose, then the amount of water-insoluble glucan (WIG) formed on a glass tube surface was evaluated.Results: In the FMR() group, children carrying S. mutans had a higher DFT (P = 0.039) and tended to have a higher dDFT (P = 0.080) than the others. In the FMR(+) group, although the differences between children with and without S. mutans were not significant, children carrying S. mutans that produced a high amount of WIG had higher dDFT than the other S. mutans-positive children (P = 0.034).Conclusions: This study revealed that the variation in glucan synthesis by S. mutans is associated with caries development in children receiving a FMR.

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DOI： 10.1177/0022034512455063

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

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The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the air powder polishing (APP) system with crystalline cellulose with the rubber cup and pumice (RCP) method as prophylactic methods in orthodontic patients. This study included two examinations. First, 58 orthodontic patients were randomized into the APP group or RCP group, and the changes in the colony counts of salivary mutans streptococci (MS) assessed before and after the prophylactic treatment were evaluated. Assessment of MS was conducted three times: immediately before the treatment (Test 1), immediately after the treatment (Test 2), and 1 month after the treatment (Test 3). The samples were inoculated on modified Mitis-Salivarius-Bactracin (MSB) agar plates. Under the microscope, the colonies were counted. In the second experiment, using a randomized split-mouth design, half the mouths of 8 patients were treated with APP and the contralateral side with RCP by three dentists, and then the time required for plaque removal was compared. Significant reduction in the colony count of MS in the saliva was observed in both the APP and RCP groups. However, the count of MS returned to the baseline level after 1 month in both groups. APP removed dental plaques in less time than RCP. APP with crystalline cellulose is a clinically available prophylaxis method for orthodontic patients, and appears to succeed in removing the plaque more quickly. © 2010.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2009.12.015

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

市町村では、成人歯科健診が成人歯科保健事業の中心となっている。しかし、多くの場合、対象住民に受診を義務づけることはないため受診率は低く、歯周病リスクが高い者、口腔保健行動に改善を要する者等、歯科健診サービスの必要性が高い住民に利用されにくいなどが課題として挙がっている。本調査は、若い世代の成人歯科保健対策の推進を図るため、乳幼児健診に併設し実施する指導を中心とした成人歯科保健事業の効果を検討することを目的としている。新潟県S市で実施されている、1歳児健診および2歳6ヵ月健診の受診者の母親73人を対象とした。このうち、1歳児健診を受診した母親44人を従来健診実施群(平均年齢:30.2±5.2)、2歳6ヵ月児健診を受診した母親29人を個別指導実施群(平均年齢:32.7±5.1)とした。健診受診者の本調査への参加同意率は96.1%であった。個別指導実施群に対しては、歯科衛生士により刺激唾液による唾液潜血試験、ガムによる咀嚼能力試験、および個別指導を行った。その際の指導のポイントは、(1)歯間ブラシ、デンタルフロスの使用意義と具体的な使用方法、(2)歯科医院への定期受診の推奨であった。補助用具として顎模型、パンフレット、デンタルフロスを用いた。一方、従来健診実施群に対しては、乳幼児健診後、母親に対し探針とミラーを使用した、歯科医師が従事する視診型の歯科健診を実施した。その後、歯科衛生士より歯科健診の結果を伝達するとともに、ブラッシング指導を行った。3ヵ月後の状況をベースライン時と比較すると、歯間ブラシまたはデンタルフロスを補助用具として使用している割合は、従来健診実施群では34.1%から47.7%に増加した。一方、個別指導実施群では、41.4%から62.1%に増加し、その差は両群とも統計学的に有意(p&lt;0.001)であった。増加率は、従来健診実施群の13.6ポイントに対し、個別指導実施群では20.7ポイントであった。このことは、乳幼児歯科健診に併設した成人歯科健診では視診型の歯科健診を実施しなくても、明確なメッセージを含む個別指導を実施することで行動変容が期待できることを示している。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.60.1_11

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.cca.2009.03.018

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of caries risk and oral microbial flora in the patients having edgewise appliance. Forty-two patients treated at the Orthodontic Clinic of Niigata University Hospital participated. Using a caries risk examination kit by Bio Medical Laboratory (BML, Tokyo), stimulated saliva test was performed to investigate the salivary flow rate, pH of saliva, buffer capacity, and the levels of lactobacilli. Modified Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin (MSB) agar plates were used to detect and count Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus. Furthermore, the members of commensal bacteria and transient bacteria in aerobic culture medium were examined in salivary level to investigate the alterations in oral microbial flora. The number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli decreased after 1 month of treatment, and then increased to reach the initial level at 3 months. While the amount of plaque increased and saliva pH deteriorated after the onset of treatment, the salivary flow rate improved. The number of transient bacteria showed a tendency toward an increase. These results demonstrate that both caries risk and oral microbial flora balance possibly change with the placement of appliances. Therefore, caries risk test should be performed before and during orthodontic treatment to monitor alterations in intraoral environment of the orthodontic patients not to cause an iatrogenic caries. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd and the Japanese Orthodontic Society.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2007.03.001

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

本研究目的は、10代表歯によるWHOのCommunity Periodontal Index(CPI)、アタッチメントロス(LA)評価システムが高齢者に対して有用であるかを検証し、歯周組織健康状態の経年推移を観察・検討することであった。分析対象者は、5年間すべての調査に参加した70歳313名であった。詳細な歯周健診結果をWHO口腔診査法第4版に準じCPI、LAそれぞれ0〜4のコードに変換し、口腔内を6セクスタントに分けた10代表歯と全歯を診査対象にした場合について、各個人最高コードとコード別セクスタントの割合を算出した。分析の結果、治療勧告となるCPI-1以上のコードをもつ者が10代表歯診査で93.7%、全歯診査で97.4%認められた。LA-1以上ではそれぞれ66.9,78.8%となった。全歯診査による結果をゴールドスタンダードとした場合の10代表歯診査の敏感度は、CPI-3以上で76.1%、LA-1以上で84.9%を示した。また、歯周ポケット6mm以上を示すCPI-4を個人最高コードにもつ者は5年間で51.7%、アタッチメントロス9mm以上であるLA-3以上を個人最高コードにもつ者は43.2%増加した。本研究結果から、高齢者では重度の歯周疾患有病部位が増加していることが明らかとなり、10代表歯を用いたCPI、LA評価による重度歯周疾患有病部位のモニタリングが口腔健康を保つうえで有用かつ必要であることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.57.1_28

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KARGER  

This study aimed to determine whether the long-term use of a fluoride mouthrinse affects the salivary levels of mutans streptococci. Two hundred and fifteen schoolchildren (aged 9-10 years) participated. One hundred and forty-nine of these children had used a fluoride mouthrinse since 5 years of age at nursery school, and the remaining 66 children had not. DFT (decayed and filled teeth) was recorded, and the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus were measured using mitis salivarius bacitracin agar. The group that had used a fluoride mouthrinse had a significantly lower prevalence of both S. mutans and S. sobrinus (p = 0.038) and a significantly lower DFT score (p = 0.001) than the other group. Using logistic regression analysis including caries experience at baseline as a dependent variable, the odds ratio of carrying S. mutans alone was 8.0 (p = 0.066) and that of carrying both S. mutans and S. sobrinus was 16.5 (p = 0.022) in the group that had not used the fluoride mouthrinse. Children carrying both S. mutans and S. sobrinus had a higher caries incidence in 1 year than the others, with odds ratios of 5.73 ( p = 0.067) in the group with a fluoride mouthrinse and 3.47 (p = 0.035) in the group without it. These results show that the long-term use of a fluoride mouthrinse is associated with reduced salivary levels of mutans streptococci and this bacterial reduction may partly contribute to the suppression of dental caries in children using a long-term fluoride mouthrinse. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

DOI： 10.1159/000095649

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OBJECTIVES: Dental caries prevention programs using chlorhexidine (CHX) have been proposed, but CHX's effect in reducing levels of mutans streptococci (S. mutans and S. sobrinus) appears to last for only a few months. The aim of this study was to attempt to eradicate mutans streptococci from the oral cavity using intensive professional mechanical tooth cleaning (PMTC) and topical application of CHX in custom-made trays. METHODS: Seven adult dentate subjects participated in this study (mean age 53.7+/-5.6, age range 46 to 62, mean DMFT, 9.1+/-4.2). For each subject, PMTC was carried out eight times within ten days. After each PMTC, 1% CHX was applied twice to the tooth surface using custom-made trays. In addition, as home treatment, subjects were required to carry out tooth brushing three times a day, and apply 0.2% CHX in custom trays after brushing in the morning and evening. In addition, subjects rinsed with 0.2% CHX solution after lunch. Salivary levels of mutans streptococci were evaluated using Dentocult-SM at baseline and on days 9, 20, 70, 120. RESULTS: Mutans streptococci were eradicated by day 120 from 4 of the 7 seven subjects participating in this study. Those 3 subjects still harboring mutans streptococci exhibited deep periodontal pocketing. CONCLUSIONS: Eradication of mutans streptococci from the oral cavity is feasible using a combination of CHX application in custom-made trays and intensive PMTC.

DOI： 10.2334/josnusd.46.179

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the quantification of Streptococcus mutans. Primers targeting gtf genes of S. mutans were designed and tested for their specificity using 28 oral streptococcal strains, three other bacterial strains, and human DNA. The primers could amplify specifically the target DNA fragment from a mixture of oral streptococcus genomic DNA containing about 10 fg to 10 ng of S. mutans genome DNA. The real-time PCR produced a linear quantitative detection range over concentrations spanning seven exponential values, with a detection limit of a few copies of S. mutans' genomic DNA per reaction tube. The results of the real-time PCR assay corresponded well to those of conventional culture assays for S. mutans in saliva samples. A real-time PCR assay for Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus downei was also established and produced results that corresponded well to those from conventional culture assays for S. sobrinus in saliva samples. These assays will be useful as a new means to assess one of the important risk factors for caries. (C) 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0378-1097(02)01028-5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会  

口腔診査結果から算出された健診受診者の現在歯数の平均値は,母集団の推定値に比べ,70歳では2.6〜3.9本,80歳では0.8〜1.8本多いことが確認された.健康度については,質問紙の回収時期による差が認められたが,全般的に現在歯数の差の程度と比べると小さかった.以上より,高齢者を対象とした歯科健診を希望制により実施する場合には,全身的な健康状態よりも現在歯数によるバイアスが生じる可能性が大きいことが示された

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.50.3_322

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Other Link： https://search-tp.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2000&ichushi_jid=J00440&link_issn=&doc_id=20000809020004&doc_link_id=%2Fdk1dehea%2F2000%2F005003%2F005%2F0322-0333%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fdk1dehea%2F2000%2F005003%2F005%2F0322-0333%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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2歳時健康診査受診者の内,3歳児健康診査も受診した244人の母親を対象とした.テスト群(177人)には,歯科衛生士が対象者1人あたり約10分の個別指導を実施した.母親の口腔健康状態には1年間で変化は認められなかった.歯間ブラシ又はフロスを補助清掃用具として使用している割合は,コントロール群では15.0%(ベースライン)から17.3%(1年後)と同様の使用率であったのに対し,テスト群では17.1%(ベースライン)から28.2%(1年後)と有意に増加した.又,1年後の補助用具の使用の有無に対し,有意な要因として選択されたものは,ベースライン時の補助用具の使用,歯科医より歯周疾患の情報入手及び歯科衛生士による個別指導の3変数であった

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.49.5_809

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Language：English   Publishing type：Book review, literature introduction, etc.  

This study aimed to evaluate the changes of caries risk and oral microbial flora in the patients having an edgewise appliance by stimulated saliva test (caries risk kit: Bio Medical Laboratory: BML, Icn, Tokyo). Furthermore, commensal and transient bacteria in aerobic culture medium were examined in saliva. As a result, it was determined that caries risk and the oral microbial flora balance possibly change with placements of orthodontic appliances. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ics.2005.07.061

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2003246381

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