Grant amount：\15160000 （ Direct Cost: \14200000 、 Indirect Cost：\960000 ）

This research tries to analyze the process of the transition to market economies in China from a viewpoint of the diversity of the market economy. In this research, empirical analysis was conducted from three sides, a company system, an economic policy, and a financial reform, for the purpose of clarifying the Chinese market economy as a type.
In analysis of a company system, empirical analysis of a state-owned enterprise, town and village enterprises, and a foreign-affiliated firm was conducted. In the Chinese company system, unlike the Western type company, it became clear that the human network relation considered to be the foundation of the Chinese society is playing an important role.
In analysis of the economic policy, we investigated how the economic policy has changed corresponding to change of economic condition, such as a WTO entry, by interviews. Although the role which the government and a party play in the market economy is very large, it became clear that a policy which creates indirect relation between the government (Communist Party of China) and the market economy is advanced.
In the Chinese market economy which plays a role with an important human network, the reform of financial system aims at constructing a financial market based on free dealings of the individual of a European and American style. Then, analysis was conducted from a viewpoint that this financial reform produced what kind of friction between the Chinese type financial market and the Western type financial market, or what kind of mutual adaptation or fusion of these two types of market is carrying out. As a result, it became clear that reform of a securities market is not immune from the many problems such as the one produced by state-owned enterprise reform and that various problems have arisen in management of state assets.
It came considering this research attaining typification of socialist market economy based on a empirical research as a final target. However, as a result of advancing empirial analysis, it became clear that present China is in the way of a big thange and that progress of the market economy is different very much with areas. And it is clear by this research that more concrete modeling is possible by performing typification according to the difference in an investigation area, and blowing change of a future situation.

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Grant amount：\4000000 （ Direct Cost: \4000000 ）

We have studied with relationship between Globalization and gender from the standpoint of views of theory policy development and culture. As a consequence, we have had several views. They are as follows :
1.Theoretical study. First, we can recognize 'reverse image' of liberalism as a discipline of welfare state in family. It is important for us to try to link liberalism to feminism. Secondly, we have pointed out a meaning for us that unpaid work has to be recognized as a labour which would make the social fabric. Thirdly, we have criticized the post modernist feminists from the standpoint of critical realism. The methodology of post feminist ca would impede to develop a feminist movement theory.
2.Policy study. First, historically, family policy has been linked to a demographic policy particularly in Japan. It has been working as 'reinforcement" of sexual division of labour in family. It is important that we recognize what is child welfare. Secondly, an introducing an immigrant worker as care workers into Japan has caused a ‘pressure of care' in delivering country, for example in Philippine. Thirdly, the input method as monetary account of unpaid care work in UK has possibility to be visible of gender relationship in family.
3.Development. First, A.Sen's development theory is reconstructed towards a more human development. It is important that we emphasis a meaning of ‘the agency aspect' of human development for an empowerment of women. Secondly, gender relationship of east-south Asia is ‘hierarchy of poverty', which has been developing ‘global chain of care'. Thirdly, genderdifferences has been increasing thorough marketization since 1992 in urban areas of China. The care provision regime of China would be a combination a marketization of care with kinship tie of care.
3.Culture. First, according to history of social thoughts, an assertion with emphasis by feminists that unpaid care work has to be visible, is misleading. It is consisted that there is an exchange without accounting through money, i.e. is ‘gift'. Secondly, marketization in traditional society, for example, such as in Samoa, has been transforming a gender division in family. However, its process is different from it in developing countries. That process has caused a harmonization between a traditional gender relationship and marketizaton. Thirdly, a lawsuit to claim of a cost of support of family by abandoned family in Polynesia, is good example of gender politics. We can see the transformation of gender relationship in traditional society in rethorical work there.

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