担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The auditory cortex integrates auditory information over time to obtain neural representations of sound events, the time scale of which critically affects perception. This work investigated the species differences in the time scale of integration by comparing humans and monkeys regarding how their scalp-recorded cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) decrease in amplitude as stimulus duration is shortened from 100 ms (or longer) to 2 ms. Cortical circuits tuned to processing sounds at short time scales would continue to produce large CAEPs to brief sounds whereas those tuned to longer time scales would produce diminished responses. Four peaks were identified in the CAEPs and labeled P1, N1, P2, and N2 in humans and mP1, mN1, mP2, and mN2 in monkeys. In humans, the N1 diminished in amplitude as sound duration was decreased, consistent with the previously described temporal integration window of N1 (>50 ms). In macaques, by contrast, the mN1 was unaffected by sound duration, and it was clearly elicited by even the briefest sounds. Brief sounds also elicited significant mN2 in the macaque, but not the human N2. Regarding earlier latencies, both P1 (humans) and mP1 (macaques) were elicited at their full amplitudes even by the briefest sounds. These findings suggest an elongation of the time scale of late stages of human auditory cortical processing, as reflected by N1/mN1 and later CAEP components. Longer time scales of integration would allow neural representations of complex auditory features that characterize speech and music.

DOI： 10.3389/fnins.2019.00630

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担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to identify the pitch names of arbitrary musical tones without being given a reference pitch. The acquisition of AP typically requires early musical training, the critical time window for which is similar to that for the acquisition of a first language. This study investigated the left-right asymmetry of the auditory cortical functions responsible for AP by focusing on the T-complex of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), which shows morphological changes during the critical period for language acquisition. AEPs evoked by a pure-tone stimulus were recorded in high-AP musicians, low-AP musicians, and non-musicians (n = 19 each). A balanced non-cephalic electrode (BNE) reference was used to examine the left-right asymmetry of the N1a and N1c components of the T-complex. As a result, a left-dominant N1c was observed only in the high-AP musician group, indicating "AP negativity," which has previously been described as an electrophysiological marker of AP. Notably, this hemispheric asymmetry was due to a diminution of the right N1c rather than enhancement of the left N1c. A left-dominant N1a was found in both musician groups, irrespective of AP. N1c and N1a exhibited no left-right asymmetry in non-musicians. Hence, music training and the acquisition of AP are both accompanied by a left-dominant hemispheric specialization of auditory cortical functions, as indexed by N1a and N1c, respectively, but the N1c asymmetry in AP possessors was due to reduced neural activities in the right hemisphere. The use of a BNE is recommended for evaluating these radially oriented components of the T-complex.

DOI： 10.3389/fnins.2019.00809

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-18150-y

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1121/1.3500685

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/cercor/bhh177

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Scientific understanding of myelin, the lipid-rich sheath of axons essential for vertebrate rapid neuronal communication, has evolved considerably. Enabled by major advances in imaging technology, research has shifted from viewing myelin as a static insulator to investigating the dynamic roles of myelinating glia in nervous system development, function, and pathophysiology. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive, multi-scale overview of the imaging toolkit for myelin biology, from foundational histology to cutting-edge advances. At the macro- and meso-scales, non-invasive modalities like magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography reveal in vivo myelin architecture and molecular changes, offering critical insights into large-scale pathology. At the micro-scale, advanced light microscopy now visualizes cellular dynamics and molecular interactions with remarkable clarity. Finally, at the nano-scale, sophisticated electron microscopy techniques-including volume electron microscopy and correlative approaches-resolve the ultrastructural basis of biological phenomena with unparalleled detail. As no single modality can capture the full biological context, a holistic understanding of glial biology requires the strategic integration of these multi-scale techniques with advanced computational analysis. This integrated approach is essential for revealing the full spectrum of myelin biology and uncovering novel targets for therapeutic intervention.

DOI： 10.3389/fncel.2026.1771168

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the foremost monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, caused by FMR1 gene silencing. Here, we report that common marmosets carrying FMR1 mutation, a non-human primate model for FXS, share common features in behavioral and molecular phenotypes with patients with FXS. Founder mutants with markedly reduced fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein expression display hyperactivity, spontaneous seizures, and transcriptome changes in synapse-related genes that overlap with those reported in patients with FXS. Although spontaneous seizures in these mutants lead to postnatal lethality, the lethality is rescued by introducing mutations into the GRM5 gene, suggesting that elevated mGluR5 signaling contributes to the phenotype. F1 heterozygous females carrying a uniform mutation exhibit phenotypes associated with FXS, including alterations in vocal development and social preferences, electroencephalographic abnormalities, and impaired motor skills. Thus, female marmosets heterozygous for the FMR1 mutation represent a valuable translational model for investigating FXS mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.

DOI： 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116208

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：MyJove Corporation  

DOI： 10.3791/66869

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Despite the long history of the horse-human bond, our understanding of the brain and mind of horses remains limited due to the lack of methods to investigate their brain functions. This study introduces a novel methodology for completely non-invasive, multi-channel recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and evoked potentials in awake horses to examine equine auditory cortical processing. The new approach utilizes specially designed brush-shaped active electrodes that facilitate stable signal acquisition through the hair coat by penetrating electrode pins and integrated pre-amplifiers. A 12-channel electrode array provided greater scalp coverage than prior work. As a proof of concept, clear cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) were recorded in response to sound onsets and offsets. The equine CAEP waveform morphology resembled the human P1-N1-P2-N2 complex, although the latencies were shorter than typical human values. The CAEP amplitudes were maximal at centroparietal electrodes, contrasting with the frontocentral distribution seen in humans, potentially explained by differences in auditory cortex orientation between species. This non-invasive multi-electrode method enables the evaluation of cognitive abilities, normal and abnormal brain functions, and advances scientific understanding of the equine mind. It offers potential widespread applications for recording EEGs and evoked potentials in awake horses and other medium-to-large mammalian species.

DOI： 10.3389/fvets.2024.1470039

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: Rapid antigen testing (RAT) results are visually read as whether colored line is present or absent. The subjective interpretation potentially misses detecting weak lines due to lower analyte concentration in samples tested, requiring training. Although routine test experience has improved the result readout skills, it consumes time and resources. Therefore, we created a computer-based feedback training method using open-source experimental psychology software, wherein participants accumulate RAT result readout experience by repeatedly responding positive/negative to randomly presented pictures showing RAT results; then, they receive feedback on their answers as correct or incorrect and are asked to stare at the pictures again with the knowledge of correct answer. This study aimed to examine the training effects in improving the skills, using coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) RAT. METHODS: Twenty-two medical technologists were randomly divided into two groups: the feedback-training and test-experience groups. Using several pictures showing positive and negative results of COVID-19 RAT, after examination of their initial result readout skills, feedback-training group received the feedback training, whereas test-experience group performed an equal number of tests without feedback to accumulate test experience, and their skills were examined again. The ratio of "positive" answers to the pictures showing positive results (i.e., hit rate) was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The feedback-training group showed a significantly higher hit rate after their training, whereas the test-experience group did not. The feedback training effects were manifested in weak line detection. CONCLUSIONS: This computer-based feedback training method can be an effective tool for improving RAT result readout skills.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.10.019

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Frontiers Media SA  

Introduction

Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a functional chronic vestibular syndrome with symptom exacerbation by upright posture, motion, and complex visual stimuli. Among these exacerbating factors, visual exacerbation is the most specific characteristic of PPPD requiring further investigation. We hypothesized that stimulus-induced changes occur in the functional connectivity (FC) rather than simple neural activation that is involved in visual stimulation. The present study aimed to identify the neural basis of PPPD by investigating FC before and after visual stimulation.

Methods

Eleven patients with PPPD and 11 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) before and after task-based fMRI with visual stimuli.

Results

At pre-stimulus, FC between the vestibular cortex and visual areas was low, while that between the somatosensory and visual areas was high in PPPD compared with that in HCs. FC between the visuospatial (parahippocampal gyrus) and spatial cognitive areas (inferior parietal lobule) was elevated in PPPD even in the pre-stimulus condition, which no longer increased at post-stimulus as observed in HCs. In the post-stimulus condition, FC between the visual and spatial cognitive areas and that between the visual and prefrontal areas increased compared with that in the pre-stimulus condition in PPPD. Task-based fMRI demonstrated that no brain regions showed different activities between the HC and PPPD groups during visual stimulation.

Discussion

In PPPD, vestibular inputs may not be fully utilized in the vestibulo-visuo-somatosensory network. Given that the FC between visuospatial and spatial cognitive areas increased even in HCs after visual stimuli, elevated status of this FC in combination with the high FC between the somatosensory and visual areas would be involved in the visual exacerbation in PPPD. An increase in FC from the visual areas to spatial cognitive and prefrontal areas after visual stimuli may account for the prolonged symptoms after visual exacerbation and anxious status in PPPD.

DOI： 10.3389/fneur.2023.1215004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are basic neural responses used to probe the ability of auditory circuits to produce synchronous activity to repetitive external stimulation. Reduced ASSR has been observed in patients with schizophrenia, especially at 40 Hz. Although ASSR is a translatable biomarker with a potential both in animal models and patients with schizophrenia, little is known about the features of ASSR in monkeys. Herein, we recorded the ASSR from humans, rhesus monkeys, and marmosets using the same method to directly compare the characteristics of ASSRs among the species. We used auditory trains on a wide range of frequencies to investigate the suitable frequency for ASSRs induction, because monkeys usually use stimulus frequency ranges different from humans for vocalization. We found that monkeys and marmosets also show auditory event-related potentials and phase-locking activity in gamma-frequency trains, although the optimal frequency with the best synchronization differed among these species. These results suggest that the ASSR could be a useful translational, cross-species biomarker to examine the generation of gamma-band synchronization in nonhuman primate models of schizophrenia.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-13228-8

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その他リンク： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13228-8

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic vestibular syndrome lasting more than 3 months. The core vestibular symptoms are dizziness, unsteadiness, and non-spinning vertigo, which are exacerbated by upright posture or walking, active or passive motion, and exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli. Among these, visual exacerbation is a key feature of PPPD for which the neural mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized that vestibular symptoms may be exacerbated by visual stimuli through gaze behavioral change after exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli. The study aimed to examine gaze stability after exposure to moving visual stimuli in patients with PPPD. METHODS: Fourteen healthy controls (HCs), 27 patients with PPPD, and 12 patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH), showing chronic vestibular symptoms for >3 months, were enrolled in the study. The participants were instructed to fixate on the gazing point at the center of a screen for 30 s before and after 90 s of exposure to moving visual stimuli. Gaze stability, best represented by the bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA), was compared among three groups, both before and after exposure to the moving visual stimuli. Comparisons between pre- and post-moving visual stimuli in BCEA were also conducted. Correlation between the post/pre ratio of BCEA and vestibular tests, several clinical symptom scales including the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Niigata PPPD Questionnaire, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the exacerbation of dizziness by exposure to moving visual stimuli was examined in the PPPD group. RESULTS: BCEA, both before and after exposure to moving visual stimuli in the PPPD group, was not different from that in HC and UVH groups. In the PPPD group, BCEA increased significantly after exposure to moving visual stimuli. The post/pre ratio of BCEA correlated with the occurrence of exacerbation of the dizziness sensation by exposure to moving visual stimuli; however, it did not correlate with vestibular tests or clinical symptom scales. CONCLUSION: Patients with PPPD were more likely to exhibit gaze instability after exposure to moving visual stimuli, which potentially exacerbated vestibular symptoms. This phenomenon may help elucidate the neural mechanisms of visual exacerbation in patients with PPPD.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1056556

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a New World monkey, serves as a useful animal model in clinical and basic neuroscience. The present study recorded scalp auditory evoked potentials (AEP) in non-sedated common marmoset monkeys (n = 4) using a noninvasive method similar to that used in humans, and aimed to identify nonhuman primate correlates of the human AEP components. A pure tone stimulus was presented while electroencephalograms were recorded using up to 16 disk electrodes placed on the scalp and earlobes. Candidate homologues of two categories of the human AEP, namely, the middle latency responses (MLR; Na, Pa, Nb, and Pb) and the cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP; P1, N1, P2, N2, and the sustained potential, SP) were identified in the marmoset. These waves were labeled as CjNa, CjPa, CjNb, CjPb, CjP1, CjN1, CjP2, CjN2, and CjSP, where Cj stands for Callithrix jacchus. The last MLR component, CjPb, was identical to the first CAEP component, CjP1, similar to the relationship between Pb and P1 in humans. The peak latencies of the marmoset MLR and CAEP were generally shorter than in humans, which suggests a shorter integration time in neural processing. To our knowledge, the present study represents the first scalp recorded MLR and CAEP in the alert common marmoset. Further use of these recording methods would enable valid species comparisons of homologous brain indices between humans and animals.

DOI： 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108229

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecns.2020.07.002

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Pitch classes (e.g., do, re, and mi) in music evoke color sensations in pitch class-color synesthesia, which is a recently described form of synesthesia in musicians. The synesthetic color sensations were confirmed to be consistent over an extended time interval, fulfilling a widely-accepted criterion for the authenticity of synesthesia. However, it remains unclear whether the color sensations occurred automatically (i.e., without voluntary effort), which is another defining property of synesthesia. We utilized the Stroop paradigm to investigate this issue in 10 pitch class-color synesthetes. Participants were visually presented with pitch class names in font colors that were either congruent or incongruent with the participants' own color sensations. The speed for reporting the font color was slower when it was incongruent with the synesthetic sensation than when it was congruent. The finding verifies the authenticity of pitch class-color synesthesia by demonstrating that the color sensations occur automatically, even when unnecessary.

DOI： 10.1016/j.concog.2019.04.001

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) damage the neurovascular unit, promote the blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption following ischemic stroke, and play essential roles in hemorrhagic transformation (HT), which is one of the most severe side effects of thrombolytic therapy. However, no biomarkers have presently been identified that can be used to track changes in the distribution of MMPs in the brain. Here, we developed a new 19F-molecular ligand, TGF-019, for visualizing the distribution of MMPs in vivo using 19F-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (19F-MRSI). We demonstrated TGF-019 has sufficient sensitivity for the specific MMPs suspected in evoking HT during ischemic stroke, i.e., MMP2, MMP9, and MMP3. We then utilized it to assess those MMPs at 22 to 24 hours after experimental focal cerebral ischemia on MMP2-null mice, as well as wild-type mice with and without the systemic administration of the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). The 19F-MRSI of TGN-019-administered mice showed high signal intensity within ischemic lesions that correlated with total MMP2 and MMP9 activity, which was confirmed by zymographic analysis of ischemic tissues. Based on the results of this study, 19F-MRSI following TGN-019 administration can be used to assess potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.

DOI： 10.1155/2019/8908943

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier {BV}  

DOI： 10.1016/j.concog.2018.08.010

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Society for Neuroscience  

DOI： 10.1523/ENEURO.0183-17.2017

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.036

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.heares.2015.05.007

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0128844

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-8156

担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BioMed Central Ltd.  

DOI： 10.1186/s13104-015-1150-8

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.020

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000138

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.042916

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語  

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08278.x

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.011

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01363.x

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283475828

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.080

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32821c57c8

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1017/S0140525X05260065

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2463/mrms.4.69

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1007/s10329-004-0105-9

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.05.099

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/01.wnr.0000099989.54721.75

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00236-7

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/BF02629652

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02024-9

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1037//0735-7044.115.2.259

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/BF02640688

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その他リンク： http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8048

出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会  

DOI： 10.2354/psj.14.95

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その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I4557587

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会  

DOI： 10.2354/psj.13.53

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CiNii Books

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その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I4305699

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本基礎心理学会  

DOI： 10.14947/psychono.39.18

CiNii Article

CiNii Books

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その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I030776083

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：株式会社医学書院  

DOI： 10.11477/mf.2425201088

CiNii Article

CiNii Books

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その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I030121943

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本脳循環代謝学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)中外医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)中外医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)星和書店  

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)中外医学社  

CiNii Article

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会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（指名）  

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会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

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会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（指名）  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

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会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

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会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

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会議種別：公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等  

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種別：学会・研究会等 

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種別：大会・シンポジウム等 

添付ファイル： 20251210統合脳シンポジウム_A4_v3.pdf

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