Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of students' problem-solving ability, one of the higher-order skills, by performance assessment at the educational program level. The subjects were 82 students at the Niigata University's Faculty of Dentistry, who had studied under our problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum. For direct assessment of problem-solving ability, we used modified triple jump (MTJ) which had been developed as an assessment tool for our PBL program. We performed MTJ at three different time points during the second and the third year and assessed problem-solving ability of the students longitudinally. At the same time, we also examined the difficulty level of the three performance tasks used in MTJ from two aspects, conceptual contents and student perceptions. As a result, the assessment scores of MTJ improved significantly with moderate to large effect size along with their experience of PBL. The performance tasks used in MTJ became more complex along with the accumulation of learning contents in the curriculum, and student perceptions of difficulty level of the performance tasks showed similar results. In conclusion, the reason for the score improvement was not because the tasks of MTJ became easier but because problem-solving ability of the students improved. By considering the difficulty level of the performance tasks, we were able to assess the transformation of students' problem-solving ability at the educational program level from the results of embedded performance assessment in PBL courses.

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/2433/261201

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

This paper addresses how to combine course- and program-level assessments and presents a new assessment method illustrated by a case of dental education program in Japan. Performance assessments are considered effective for evaluating knowledge integration and higher-order skills, while placing a burden on faculty, hence their feasibility as the program-level assessment is regarded lower than standardized tests or questionnaire surveys. We have developed several performance assessments at the course level, such as Modified Triple Jump for the PBL course. Based on this experience, we propose Pivotal Embedded Performance Assessment (PEPA) as a method for combining assessment at the course and program levels. The method limits the range of performance assessment to key courses directly linked to program goals and placed at the critical juncture points of curriculum, while entrusting the assessment of other courses to expert judgment of individual teachers. PEPA consists of the following procedures: systematization of curriculum and selection of key courses; design and implementation of performance assessments by a faculty team; setting passing criteria with incorporating the function of formative assessment; certifying the completion of the degree program. PEPA thus enables maintaining assessment feasibility and compatibility with a credit system, while ensuring assessment validity and reliability.

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/2433/261206

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Tongue lift movement (TLM) is used as a therapy to improve tongue pressure against the hard palate for dysphagic patients. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to characterize the time-dependent endurance changes in hyoid muscle activity and hyoid-laryngeal displacement during TLM in different ways. METHODS: Sixteen young healthy volunteers were instructed to perform TLM at maximum effort (100%) against the anterior and posterior parts of the hard palate using a balloon-type tongue pressure instrument, followed by a 10-second recording during anterior 80% TLM, anterior 100% TLM, posterior 80% TLM and posterior 100% TLM with visual feedback. Electromyography (EMG) of suprahyoid (S-Hyo) and infrahyoid (I-Hyo) muscles and videofluorography were simultaneously recorded. To evaluate temporal changes, the recording period was divided into three substages: early, middle and late. Tongue pressure, integrated EMG (iEMG), power frequency of EMG burst and hyoid-laryngeal position were compared among the conditions (80% vs 100%, anterior vs posterior and early vs middle vs late). RESULTS: Tongue pressure was stably maintained for 10 seconds in all conditions. S-Hyo iEMG and I-Hyo iEMG were significantly greater at 100% than at 80%, while no significant difference was observed between positions. S-Hyo iEMG and I-Hyo iEMG significantly increased at the late stage, while power frequency of EMG burst gradually decreased. Significant temporal changes in laryngeal elevation were observed only in posterior 100% TLM. CONCLUSION: The current results suggested that isometric posterior TLM may be more useful compared with anterior TLM in clinical situations for dysphagic patients to elevate the hyolaryngeal complex.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.12988

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Tongue lift movement (TLM) task is considered a treatment strategy in dysphagic patients. However, there is no evidence of effect of sustained tongue movements on the related muscle contraction. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to characterise the properties and time-dependent changes of the electromyographic (EMG) features of suprahyoid muscles during TLM. METHODS: Twenty young healthy volunteers were instructed to perform TLM at maximum effort in either the anterior or the posterior position, during measurement of tongue pressure for 7 s. Supra- (S-hyo) and infra-hyoid (I-hyo) EMGs were recorded. The area and power frequency of EMG burst and the area under the curve of tongue pressure were compared among the conditions: trials (1st, 2nd vs 3rd trials); anterior vs posterior TLM; and early vs late 3 s of each trial. RESULTS: There was no difference in the tongue pressure among trials or between the early and late 3 s. Anterior tongue pressure was significantly higher than posterior tongue pressure (P < .001). The area of I-hyo EMG burst was significantly larger (P = .044), and the power frequency of I-hyo EMG burst was significantly smaller (P = .042) during posterior TLM than anterior TLM. A significant difference in the power frequency of both EMG bursts was observed between early and late stages during both anterior (P < .05) and posterior (P < .01) TLM. CONCLUSION: Hyoid muscles may compensate for rapid fatigue of the tongue muscle to maintain tongue pressure by changing their activity pattern during tongue pressure generation.

DOI： 10.1111/joor.12894

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

An assessment of students' performance in active learning process is highly time consuming and requires a considerable effort. As a result, the so-called "assessment fatigue" is a concern among teachers. However, since the assessment itself could be a powerful learning tool for students and if the teachers recognized that it could lead to their growth, they would consider this challenging task as worthwhile. We have developed and have been using a modified triple jump (MTJ) as an assessment tool for our PBL program. In this report, we tried to find out the factors that make this performance assessment function as learning for students based on their perceptions. The subjects were 64 students at the Faculty of Dentistry of Niigata University who experienced our MTJ three times during their undergraduate education program. A questionnaire survey was conducted after each assessment and description contents were analyzed by text mining. As a result of the content analysis, we concluded that MTJ encourages students to learn deeply and to reflect on their own learning. Furthermore, the results suggest that the effect of MTJ as "assessment as learning" depends on the real-world relevance of their learning tasks and the usefulness of acquired knowledges. Other important factors were appropriate disclosure of the assessment criteria along with students' skill of self-assessment and individual/continuous descriptive feedback from teachers.

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/2433/241248

Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

ビスフォスフォネート(BP)製剤関連顎骨壊死(BRONJ)は広く認知されるようになってきたが、BPの投与を受ける患者に対して顎矯正手術を行った報告は少ない。今回われわれは、BPを内服する患者に対して顎矯正手術を行ったので報告する。患者は16歳男性で不正咬合を主訴に当科を受診した。骨格性下顎前突症の診断となり、顎矯正手術を計画したが、術前矯正治療終了後に多発性硬化症の診断に至り、ステロイドの内服治療が開始され、ステロイド性骨粗鬆症の予防のためにBPの内服も開始された。治療により多発性硬化症の症状の出現はなく、ステロイドは減量されていった。19歳時に、BPを6ヵ月間休薬し、Le Fort I型骨切り術と下顎枝矢状分割法による顎矯正手術を行って、9ヵ月後にプレート除去を行い、BPを再開した。周術期は感染に留意し、BRONJの発症はなかった。顎矯正手術後2年が経過した現在も経過観察中であるが、異常経過は認めていない。(著者抄録)

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：UNIV DEUSTO  

This paper addresses how to combine the course- and program-level assessments and presents a new method illustrated by a case of dental education program in Japan. Performance assessments are considered effective for evaluating knowledge integration and higher-order skills, while placing a burden on faculty, hence their feasibility as the program-level assessment is regarded lower than standardized tests or questionnaire surveys. We have developed several performance assessments at the course level, such as Modified Triple Jump for the PBL course. Based on this experience, we propose Pivotal Embedded Performance Assessment (PEPA) as a method for combining assessment at the course and program levels. The method limits the range of performance assessment to key courses directly linked to program goals and placed at the critical juncture points of curriculum, while entrusting the assessment of other courses to expert judgment of individual teachers. PEPA consists of the following procedures: systematization of curriculum and selection of key courses; design and implementation of performance assessments by a faculty team; setting passing criteria with incorporating the function of formative assessment; certifying the completion of the degree program. PEPA thus enables maintaining assessment feasibility and compatibility with a credit system, while ensuring assessment validity and reliability.

DOI： 10.18543/tjhe-6(1)-2018pp111-142

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

新潟大学顎顔面口腔外科では1983年より二段階口蓋形成手術法を施行しており、顎発育による分析から、2010年より硬口蓋閉鎖時期を5歳半から4歳へ早期移行した。これまで、硬口蓋閉鎖時期の早期移行が4歳時から6歳時における言語機能獲得に与える影響について、音声言語の聴覚判定による分析から検討しており、硬口蓋閉鎖術を5歳半に施行した群(晩期群)に比較して4歳に施行した群(早期群)は、5歳時の鼻咽腔閉鎖機能において、良好例の有意な増加がみられ、言語機能獲得に肯定的な結果が示された。本研究では、この聴覚的な臨床データを裏付けるために、ナゾメーターによる分析から再検討した。その結果、5歳時の文章および高圧文のnasalance scoreにおいて、早期群と晩期群の硬口蓋閉鎖床撤去時の間に有意差を認め、音声言語の聴覚判定と整合する結果が示された。顎発育および音声言語の聴覚判定ならびにナゾメーターによる分析を統合すると、当科の二段階口蓋形成手術法における硬口蓋閉鎖時期の妥当性が再確認された。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

新潟大学顎顔面口腔外科では1983年より二段階口蓋形成手術法を施行しており、顎発育による分析から、2010年より硬口蓋閉鎖時期を5歳半から4歳へ早期移行した。これまで、硬口蓋閉鎖時期の早期移行が4歳時から6歳時における言語機能獲得に与える影響について、音声言語の聴覚判定による分析から検討しており、硬口蓋閉鎖術を5歳半に施行した群(晩期群)に比較して4歳に施行した群(早期群)は、5歳時の鼻咽腔閉鎖機能において、良好例の有意な増加がみられ、言語機能獲得に肯定的な結果が示された。本研究では、この聴覚的な臨床データを裏付けるために、ナゾメーターによる分析から再検討した。その結果、5歳時の文章および高圧文のnasalance scoreにおいて、早期群と晩期群の硬口蓋閉鎖床撤去時の間に有意差を認め、音声言語の聴覚判定と整合する結果が示された。顎発育および音声言語の聴覚判定ならびにナゾメーターによる分析を統合すると、当科の二段階口蓋形成手術法における硬口蓋閉鎖時期の妥当性が再確認された。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：大学教育学会  

A current debate surrounding educational reform focuses on self-assessment abilities. In this research, during the performance assessment of problem-solving abilities, students were asked to assess themselves. We then attempted to promote students' reflection on the reasons behind the differences between self- and teacher assessment. Using both quantitative and qualitative data, we examined how reflection affected students' self-assessment. The results indicated that students increased their awareness of the meaning of the rubric descriptors and what was required by the tasks. Finally, we discovered that students were likely to determine their own weaknesses based on the differences from the teacher assessment and create an in-depth reflection that leads to further learning. This type of "assessment as learning" could also indicate a promising direction for utilizing rubrics in students' learning.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

We have performed two-stage palatoplasty for patients with cleft lips and palates in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital since 1983. As a result of evaluating maxillary growth, we have changed the timing of hard palate closure from 5.5 years of age to 4 years of age since 2010. To validate the earlier hard palate closure in our two-stage procedure, we evaluated speech outcome at 4, 5, and 6 years of age. At 5 years of age, the cases with good velopharyngeal function increased significantly and the palatalized articulation was significantly reduced due to the earlier hard palate closure. Based on an evaluation of maxillary growth and speech outcome together, we conclude that earlier hard palate closure is reasonable for our two-stage procedure.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.42.201

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

近年、歯学部・歯科大学では技能教育の改善が求められ、診療参加型臨床実習の実践が推奨されている。本学では以前より、学生が直接歯科医療行為に参加する臨床実習を実施しているが、その学習成果、すなわち、現実的な状況で知識や技術を使いこなせる統合的な能力としての「臨床能力」を、いかにして直接評価すべきか対応に苦慮してきた。また、学生が実際の診療の中でどのようなことを感じ、学習し、どのような指導を受けたか、という学習過程そのものが、必ずしも整理された形で実体化されていないという問題点があった。そこで、臨床能力を評価するためのルーブリックを定め、学生の臨床能力を客観性のある到達レベルとして把握するとともに、日々の臨床実習での学習活動を記載するポートフォリオと組み合わせて運用することにより、臨床実習で行っている教育そのものを経時的に記録・評価し、実体化するという発想にいたった。このような背景から電子ポートフォリオの開発と運用を開始したが、学生・教員の受け入れはスムースであった。臨床実習が進むにつれ、ポートフォリオに記載された教員による学生の評価は向上しており、経験を積むことによる学生の臨床能力向上が反映されたものと推察された。以上のことから、臨床実習における電子ポートフォリオの導入は、学生自身の振り返りや教員の学生指導にとって有用であると考えられた。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

本邦では、社会の急速な高齢化に伴い、高度な治療が求められる患者や全身的な疾患を有する患者が増加している。また、患者の意識変化によって、より質の高い治療を求められることが多くなっている結果、臨床実習に協力していただける患者が減少している。このような背景から、学生は限られた患者を対象に臨床技能の習得をし、卒業時には相応の知識と臨床能力を確保しなければならない。この問題を解決するための手段として、新潟大学歯学部では1つの模型の中に様々な病態を具備した6種類のオリジナルの模型を開発し、治療計画立案を含めた統合的な模型実習を導入している。実習は臨床実習直前の5年前期に実施され、基礎模型実習と臨床実習をつなぐと共に、不足する臨床実習を補完する役割を果たす。模型には歯石除去必要部位、抜歯、充填、歯内治療、分割抜歯適応歯および歯冠修復、不良補綴歯、欠損補綴適応部位を含む。学生は診断・治療計画立案から歯科処置までをファントムに装着した模型上で実際の臨床をシミュレートする形で行う。現在、本実習の評価はルーブリックを用いて行っているが、評価方法に関しては今後も継続的に検討する必要がある。実習後の学生アンケートからは実習が有意義なものであったとの回答を得ており、知識や技術を使いこなす統合的な能力の育成に有効であることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2017&ichushi_jid=J02148&link_issn=&doc_id=20170904280005&doc_link_id=10.24744%2Fjdea.33.2_106&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24744%2Fjdea.33.2_106&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_3.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

歯学教育を改善するために、各大学歯学部・歯科大学においてさまざまな取り組みが行われている。なかでも、診療参加型の臨床実習を充実させることは重視されており、それぞれの歯学部・歯科大学は信頼される歯科医師を輩出するという最も大きな社会的命題を果たすべく努力を続けている。新潟大学歯学部では、卒業生の質の保証を目的に、臨床実習においてACCEPT Projectを立ち上げ、「ACKPIS」と称する方法を用いて学生の臨床能力を評価してきた。ACKPISは診療を自験する学生に対し、どのような専門領域においても必要不可欠となる6つの基本項目を、それぞれの専門処置を評価課題として確認するものである。今回、ACKPISの効果を検証するために、平成28年度の受検生にアンケート調査を行った。ACKPISの基本項目は、ADEAやGDCが提唱する歯科医師に求められるコンピテンシーの中にも該当する記述がみられ、国内外で医師に対して行われている臨床能力評価法同様、診療現場でのフィードバックを含んでいることから、歯学生の臨床能力を評価するために適当であると考えられた。また、アンケート結果から、受検した学生もACKPISの必要性や重要性を認識し、受検方法や合否判定の妥当性を認めていることが明らかになった。以上のことから、ACKPISは臨床実習中の学生の臨床能力を評価するための有用な方法となり得ることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.01.009

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本教育工学会  

&lt;p&gt; 近年，大学教育では，学習成果の直接的指標と間接的指標との関連が活発に議論されている．本研究では，ある歯学系のコースのパフォーマンス評価を事例とし，教員の評価と学生の自己評価 (直接評価) と，学生の学生調査用アンケート項目への自己報告 (間接評価) との関連を検討し，そこからそれぞれの評価が担うべき役割と射程を議論する． &lt;/p&gt;

DOI： 10.15077/jjet.S40078

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

We investigated speech outcomes in 80 patients with submucous cleft palate assessed by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic and the Speech Clinic in Dentistry at the Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital from 1982 to 2012. Of the 80 patients, there were 60 patients in the surgically treated group and 20 patients in the non-surgically treated group.&lt;br&gt;The results were as follows:&lt;br&gt;1) In the surgically treated group, the velopharyngeal function evaluated after palatoplasty (an average of 2 years postoperatively) was good (good＋fairly good) in 36 patients (63.4%). When we examined the association between age at palatoplasty and velopharyngeal function, the velopharyngeal function evaluated postoperatively was good in almost all of the 1-year-old children, but poor (fairly poor＋poor) in more than half of the children over 5 years of age. When we examined the association between mental retardation (MR) and velopharyngeal function, the MR group tended not to have better outcomes than the non-MR group.&lt;br&gt;2) In the non-surgically treated group, there was no clear change before and after treatment.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.41.173

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

新潟大学医歯学総合病院顎顔面口腔外科において1982年から2012年の31年間に粘膜下口蓋裂と診断した84例を対象に、性別、出生時体重、初診時年齢、主訴、来院経路、合併症、Calnanの3徴候、治療内容および母親の出産時年齢について回顧的に検討した。なお、当科の粘膜下口蓋裂の診断基準は軟口蓋の筋層離開とした。その結果、以下の知見を得た。1)性別は男性42例(50.0%)、女性42例(50.0%)であり、性差はみられなかった。2)初診時年齢は生後9日から49歳にわたり、平均4.6歳であった。3)主訴は構音や言語発達などの言語の異常に関する訴えが最も多く、59例(70.2%)であった。4)当科への来院は小児科からの紹介が26例(31.0%)、他院歯科が21例(25.0%)であり、両者で半数以上を占めていた。5)精神発達遅滞の合併は28例(33.3%)にみられた。6)Calnanの3徴候がすべて確認された症例は62例(73.8%)であった。7)当科の初回手術は口蓋形成術とし、口蓋形成術を施行した症例は60例(71.4%)、施行しなかった症例は24例(28.6%)であった。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.41.24

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本顎顔面インプラント学会  

インプラント治療は近年広く普及してきたが、その一方でさまざまな合併症も生じている。今回われわれは、インプラント治療による合併症を減少させることを目的に、上顎臼歯部に対するインプラント治療後に上顎洞に関連した合併症が生じて当科を受診した6症例を臨床的に検討した。症例の内訳は、歯根型インプラントの上顎洞への迷入が3症例、ブレードインプラントの上顎洞内への穿孔が2症例、サイナスリフトの移植骨への感染が1症例であった。インプラント治療後に症状が発現して受診するまでの期間は2日から17年で、迷入後早期に受診した1症例を除く5症例では少なからず上顎洞炎を発症しており、1年を超えた4症例中の3症例では慢性上顎洞炎に移行し、インプラント材料の摘出に加え上顎洞根治術を行う必要があった。以上より、上顎臼歯部のインプラント治療にあたっては、上顎洞に関連した合併症が生じることを説明するとともに、長期にわたる定期的な経過観察と症状発現時の早期の対応が重要と考えられた。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

A seminar on the assessment of cleft palate speech hosted by the Japancleft Committee, Japanese Cleft Palate Association, was held at the University Hospital and the Sanjo Conference Hall, the University of Tokyo on January 31 and February 1, 2015. The purpose of the seminar was to increase awareness of the issues on standardized speech assessment among Japanese speech and language therapists and researchers in the field, and to propose a standardized system which is compatible with international approaches. A training protocol for valid and reliable assessment is to be developed, taking lessons from experiences in the UK and Ireland. Dr. Debbie Sell and Dr. Triona Sweeney, who developed the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented (CAPS-A) and a training package, were invited as lecturers at the seminar. The number of participants was 134, including 67 speech therapists, 57 dentists, and 10 plastic surgeons.&lt;br&gt;The questionnaire survey at the end of the seminar revealed that the importance of developing a standardized assessment system in Japan was fully recognized. From now on, efforts to develop a standardized assessment system will be continued by the working group in the Japancleft Committee.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大学教育学会  

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Language：English   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Background: The aim of this report was to evaluate the outcome of autotransplantation or replantation of cryopreserved teeth clinically and radiographically. Donor teeth were slowly frozen in a controlled-rate freezer using 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) as protectants. Seven cryopreserved teeth, with duration of storage ranging from 4 to 36 months, were autotransplanted or replanted at Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital. Endodontic treatment involving root canal debridement followed by interim root canal filling with calcium hydroxide was started 3 weeks after the operation and continued with replacement of the calcium hydroxide filling at 2-week to 3-month intervals. Three transplants showed periodontal regeneration clinically and radiographically, whereas replacement root resorption was observed in the remaining transplants. From the results, it can be concluded that cryopreserved tooth autotransplantation has potential for clinical use; however, the risk of replacement root resorption remains.

DOI： 10.1111/edt.12039

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

A seminar on 5-Year Olds&#039; Index hosted by the Japancleft Committee, Japanese Cleft Palate Association took place at the Sanjo Conference Hall, the University of Tokyo on July18-19, 2012. The purpose of the seminar was to provide the opportunity to have an exercise in assessing dental arch relation in patients aged 5 years with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Dr. Nikki Atack and Prof. Jonathan Sandy who had developed the index were invited from the University of Bristol as the lecturers at the seminar. The number of participants was over 80 from various special fields such as plastic surgery, oral surgery, pediatric dentistry and orthodontics. A total of 355 dental models were collected from participating institutions and were employed for evaluation training. As a result of intra-examiner agreement and agreement with Gold standard, almost all delegates obtained an agreement score of 0.80 or above, which would be very suitable and able to assess 5 year olds&#039; models. Although the models collected were not selected based upon critical inclusion criteria, the result of assessment of the Japanese models was very analogous to that of UK Pre-CSAG (Clinical Standard Advisory Group). We hope that the present seminar would be helpful for the improvement of treatment outcomes in patients with cleft lip and palate.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.39.46

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟大学教育・学生支援機構  

新潟大学歯学部では,初年次教育として大学学習法を実施している.この授業は講義・演習での知識や技能をもとに,レポート作成とプレゼンテーションを行うもので,その学習活動を通して,間題解決能力,論理的思考力,表現力の開発をねらいとしている.今回,学習成果の直接評価に向けて,パフォーマンス評価を導入すべく,レポートからこれら能力を読み解くルーブリックづくりに取り組んだ.また,この経験からみえてきたパフォーマンス評価の難点とその対処について検討した.その結果,パフォーマンス評価により能力を把握できる可能性が示されたが,導入には教員の理解と協力,能力と関連した適切な評価観点の設定,評価の信頼性を高める工夫,評価と指導の一体化を考慮した授業デザインなど,いくつかの課題があることも明らかになった.The curriculum of Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry provides the &quot;Study Skills&quot; course as first year education. The ultimate goal of this course is to develop student abilities of problem solving, logical thinking and expression. For that purpose, each student is guided through the process of writing a report and presenting its content. To access the degree to which these abilities were achieved, we created a rubric and used it to evaluate the student reports. Based on the experience of this trial, we discussed problems for the introduction of performance assessment into the course. Although performance assessment has a high potential to grasp these abilities, there are some practical problems that may interfere with its introduction, such as &quot;how to involve the faculty in assessment&quot;, &quot;how to establish dimensions of the rubric that appropriately relate with the student abilities&quot;, &quot;how to increase the reliability of assessment&quot;, &quot;how to design the course to allow for a connection between assessment and instruction&quot;.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本口腔外科学会  

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.59.704

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

Forty-two unilateral cleft lip and palate patients who were managed under two-stage palatoplasty with Hotz&#039;s plate and Furlow&#039;s double-opposing Z-plasty (F group) for soft palate repair were evaluated in terms of speech function until 8 years of age. The results were also compared with those of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients who underwent Perko&#039;s Widmaier modification method (P group: 75 patients) for soft palate repair.&lt;br&gt;1. There was no significant difference between the F group and P group on velopharyngeal competence (VPC) at 8 years of age. The VPC of the F group was almost the same as that of one-stage platoplasty patients reported before.&lt;br&gt;2. The VPC of the F group was significantly improved between 4 years and 5 years of age. This was earlier than that of the P group, which improved after hard palate closure.&lt;br&gt;3. Normal articulation in the F group had developed better by 8 years of age than in the P group, because of fewer abnormal articulations and larger number of spontaneous normal development. However, the peak of achieving good VPC was after hard palate closure in both groups, and a majority gained normal articulation after finishing speech training by a speech therapist.&lt;br&gt;4. Recently, we perform the hard palate closure operation at around 4 years of age, in order to avoid the delayed development of speech function.&lt;br&gt;We must continue to evaluate the long-term effects for speech function and jaw growth after earlier hard palate closure.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.38.104

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本顎口腔機能学会  

The present study was undertaken to validate how descent of the hyoid position, considered as a pathological condition of dysphagia, affect swallowing function by evaluating spatial and temporal hyoid excursion, hyoid position and bolus transmission in healthy volunteers and patients with dysphagia.&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;All subjects, including 65 patients with dysphagia and 10 normal volunteers, were examined using videofluorographic images. These images were analyzed to measure the time series of hyoid movement and bolus transmission based on the moment the tip of the tongue starts to move. The hyoid position was also investigated, and the origin was defined on the anterior ridge of the fourth cervical vertebra. Statistical comparison between both groups was then performed.&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;The oral and pharyngeal transit times were prolonged in the patient group; in addition, entry of the bolus head into the pharynx was significantly earlier than the start of pharyngeal swallowing (start of the rapid hyoid elevation). There was no significant difference in the hyoid position between the two groups when the origin was defined on the anterior ridge of the fourth cervical vertebra. Further evaluation was performed by classifying patients with dysphagia by the diseases causing their dysphagia. A similar hyoid trajectory among the classified groups was observed after the onset of the swallowing reflex; in contrast, the hyoid bone showed complicated movement before the swallowing reflex occurred. The hyoid position may affect the delay in the swallowing onset because positive correlation between the distance and time of hyoid movement was observed before swallowing reflex in some diseases.

DOI： 10.7144/sgf.20.22

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

The permanent dentition at dental age IIIc described by Hellman, of patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent soft palate closure with Furlow&#039;s method (F-group), introduced with the aim of achieving better results of both speech and maxillary growth in two-stage palatoplasty, was compared to other patients who underwent Perko&#039;s method (P-group) and noncleft subjects (C-group).&lt;br&gt;The results were as follows:&lt;br&gt;1. Regarding the upper dental arch width, the distance between bilateral points of maxillary tuberosity in the F-group was smaller than that in the P- and C-groups. The arch width of the canine to premolar region was the same as that of the P-group, but slightly constricted compared to the C-group.&lt;br&gt;2. The upper alveolar arch length tended to be longer compared to the P-group, and the distance from the cuspid to the maxillary tuberosity line was longer than that of the C-group. There was no difference with the P-group regarding the upper dental arch length, but it was smaller compared to the C-group.&lt;br&gt;3. There was no difference with the C-group regarding the lower dental arch width, and only the width between the first molar of the P-group was larger than that of the F- and C-groups.&lt;br&gt;4. There was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the lower dental arch length.&lt;br&gt;5. While 2 of 17 cases (11.8%) had anterior or posterior cross bite, it was observed in 11 of 29 cases (37.9%) in the P-group.&lt;br&gt;Though there was a slight difference in the permanent dental arch form of the F-group compared to that of the P-group, reflecting the surgical method, there were no significant differences and the form was close to that of the C-group. The occlusal condition was not inferior to the P-group and good maxillary growth was obtained. Together with the improvement of speech results, it was considered that Furlow&#039;s method is useful for two-stage palatoplasty.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.37.210

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本小児口腔外科学会  

口蓋形成手術の歴史的背景について述べ、1986年にFurlowが報告したdouble opposing Z-plastyと称される新しい口蓋形成術(Furlow法)の手技と問題点、言語発達や顎発育の効果などについて概説した。Furlow法は、軟口蓋部に起因する鼻咽腔閉鎖機能不全が適応となる。問題点としては瘻孔発生、術後の閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群、中耳への影響が挙げられる。Furlow法は、二段階口蓋形成手術法における軟口蓋単独の手術方法として最も適した方法である。

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

The articular disc in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) that serves in load relief and stabilizing in jaw movements is a dense collagenous tissue consisting of extracellular matrices and disc cells. The various morphological configurations of the disc cells have given us diverse names, such as fibroblasts, chondrocyte-like cells and fibrochondrocytes; however, the characteristics of these cells have remained to be elucidated in detail. The disc cells have been reported to exhibit heterogeneous immunoreaction patterns for intermediate filaments including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin and vimentin in the adult rat TMJ. Because these intermediate filaments accumulate in the disc cells as tooth eruption proceeds during postnatal development, it might be surmised that the expression of these intermediate filaments in the disc cells closely relates to mechanical stress. The present study was therefore undertaken to examine the effect of a continuous compressive force on the immunoexpression of these intermediate filaments and an additional intermediate filament muscle-specific desmin in the disc cells of the TMJ disc using a rat experimental model. The rats wore an appliance that exerts a continuous compressive load on the TMJ. The experimental period with the appliance was 5 days as determined by previous studies, after which some experimental animals were allowed to survive another 5 days after removal of the appliance. Histological observations demonstrated that the compressive force provoked a remarkable acellular region and a decrease in the thickness of the condylar cartilage of the mandible, and a sparse collagen fiber distribution in the articular disc. The articular disc showed a significant increase in the number of desmin-positive cells as compared with the controls. In contrast, immunopositive cells for GFAP, nestin and vimentin remained unchanged in number as well as intensity. At 5 days after removal of the appliance, both the disc and cartilage exhibited immunohistological and histological features in a recovery process. These findings indicate that the mature articular cells are capable of producing desmin instead of the other intermediate filaments against mechanical stress. The desmin-positive disc cells lacked a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) in this study, even though desmin usually co-exists with a-SMA in the vascular smooth muscle cells or pericytes. Because the precursor of a pericyte has such an immunoexpression pattern during angiogenesis, there is a further possibility that the formation of new vessels commenced in response to the extraordinary compressive force.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01501.x

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

A clinical and statistical analysis was carried out on patients with cleft lip and/or palate at the Orthodontic Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital in the past 30 years (1979&amp;sim;2008). The results obtained were as follows:&lt;br&gt;1. The patients consisted of 602 males (52.9%) and 537 females (47.1%).&lt;br&gt;2. Cleft morphology was classified as the following.&lt;br&gt;Cleft lip and palate (CLP): 51.5%, cleft palate (CP): 23.8%, cleft lip and alveolus (CLA): 19.1%, cleft lip (CL): 5.4% and others: 0.2%. As for the ratio of the cleft side, the left side in unilateral CLP, CLA and CL was higher than the right side. Male patients were more in CLP, CLA and CL than females, while female patients were more in CP.&lt;br&gt;3. The number of new outpatients was changing year by year in the past 30 years but no specific tendency was found.&lt;br&gt;4. The peak age of the first visit was 4 years and the majority of patients visited for their first time at the age of 4-6.&lt;br&gt;5. The majority of patients were referred from other dental departments in our hospital, and 92.5% of the patients were referred from the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.&lt;br&gt;6. The large majority of patients investigated lived in Niigata prefecture.&lt;br&gt;7. Most of the cleft lip and/or palate patients born between 1979 and 2001 in Niigata prefecture consulted our department.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.36.183

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

The articular disc is a dense collagenous tissue containing disc cells that are phenotypically described as chondrocyte-like cells or fibrochondrocytes. Despite the possible existence of these phenotypes in systemic joints, little is known about the detailed classification of the articular disc cells in the temporomandibular joint. In this immunocytochemical study we examined the localization and distribution patterns of nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the articular disc of the rat temporomandibular joint at postnatal day 1, and weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8, based on the status of tooth eruption and occlusion. Nestin and GFAP are intermediate filament proteins whose expression patterns are closely related to cell differentiation and cell migration. Both types of immunopositive cell greatly increased postnatally to a stable level after postnatal week 4, but they showed different distribution patterns and cell morphologies. Nestin-reactive disc cells, which were characterized by a meagre cytoplasm and thin cytoplasmic processes, were scattered in the articular disc, whereas GFAP-positive cells, characterized by broader processes, existed exclusively in the deeper area. In mature discs, the major proportion of articular disc cells exhibited GFAP immunoreactivity. Furthermore, a double-immunostaining demonstrated that the nestin-negative cells, consisting of GFAP-positive and -negative cells, exhibited immunoreactions for heat shock protein 25. These findings indicate that the articular disc cells comprise at least three types in the rat temporomandibular joint and suggest that their expressions closely relate to mechanical loading forces within the joint, including occlusal force, as observed through postnatal development.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01404.x

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

歯科衛生士教育のなかでの臨床実習は、それまで学んだ知識と技術を統合する意味で重要である。本研究では、新潟大学歯学部口腔生命福祉学科における4年次の臨床実習について現状を明らかにするために、本学科の診療室である「お口の健康室」の予約表と日計表、および1〜3期生の学生自身が記録した「臨床実習の手引」のケース集計表に基づいて、臨床実習の現状を評価した。また、「臨床実習の手引」の記載方法の検討を行うために、一部の臨床実習のケース項目に対して、学生からの「申告値」と教員が算定した「算定値」との一致の程度について分析した。さらに、3期生に対して「臨床実習の手引」への記載方法などに関する記述式アンケートを行った。その結果、実習ケース数および「お口の健康室」で学生が担当した患者数は、1年目と比較して2年目で増加していた。また、学科で指定している経験期待症例数に学生全員が達したケース項目の割合は減少する傾向にあった。記載方法については、「申告値」と「算定値」の一致の程度が低いケース項目が一部あり、アンケート結果からも、それらのケース項目はケース内容の解釈が不明確であることが示唆された。今後、4年制歯科衛生士教育の特色を出すケース項目を追加し、実習評価法と併せて実習修了判定方法を再検討する必要があると考えられた。(著者抄録)

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

新潟大学歯学部口腔生命福祉学科では「食べること」から保健・医療・福祉の統合を目指しており、その教育に2004年よりProblem-based Learning(PBL)テュートリアルを導入している。PBLテュートリアルとカリキュラムの概要を紹介すると共に、カリキュラムに対する学習者の認識、学習成果に関する卒業生の自己評価、卒業時に受験資格を得る歯科衛生士と社会福祉士の国家試験合格率、進学・就職状況について述べた。

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Introduction: The main reasons for the unsuccessful autotransplantation of teeth are the failure of initial healing and root resorption. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between donor teeth factors and the prognosis of the transplants in which root resorption occurred. Materials and methods: The study evaluated 110 patients with 117 transplants. The successful group included the cases which healed well, with only minor problems. The unsuccessful group included the cases with transplant-loss and progressive problems. The unsuccessful group and minor-trouble cases were judged with the type of problems; i.e. failure of initial healing, root resorption, and others. Root resorption was classified into 3 types; inflammation resorption, replacement resorption and cervical root resorption. The prognostic factors were evaluated to analyze the difference between rapidly progressing root resorption and the stable resorption. Results: There were 20 unsuccessful transplants. In the unsuccessful group, rapidly progressing replacement root resorption was observed in 11 transplants. In the successful group, minor problems such as stable root resorption were found in 16 transplants. At least one of the atypical root shapes (divergent, curve, and hypertrophy), probing pocket depth of more than 4. mm, and/or extrusion were significantly more frequent in the replacement root resorption cases compared to cases with no significant findings. Probing pocket depth of more than 4. mm and/or extrusion, dental caries, history of restoration, root canal treatment were significantly more frequent in rapidly progressing replacement root resorption cases compared to stable root resorption cases. Conclusions: Abnormal root shape, deep periodontal pocket, dental caries, restoration and root canal treatment of donor teeth are factors associated with progressive replacement root resorption after the autotransplantation of teeth. © 2010 Asian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajoms.2010.10.005

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

新潟大学歯学部では、教員の資質向上を目的として、平成14年にFD委員会を発足させた。今回、これまで行ってきたFaculty development(FD)活動の概要を報告するとともに、歯学部FDと大学院FDとの連携やスムースな移行を検討するための体系化マップを作成し、FDのあり方や方向性について検討した。これまでに行われてきたFD活動を列挙して体系化マップを作成し、これまでの問題点や改善点を検証して今後に必要なプログラムの立案を行った。委員会発足当初は、全教員を対象として学生教育に必須と考えられる基本的な知識・技能・態度の習得に力点をおいたFD活動が行われていた。しかし近年では、新任者から段階的に研修活動ができるようにFDプログラムの整備がなされ、計画的にFDを開催するとともに、個別対応型FDや参加・体験型FDへとその活動の中心が推移している。これまでの本委員会の活動を体系化マップとしてまとめることにより、平成19年度からは、その役割が、大学院教育の実質化促進へと展開しつつあることが明確になり、今後は歯学部FDで積み重ねた経験を基に、高いレベルの大学院FDに移行させるためのプログラム立案が可能と考えられた。今後は単なるイベント型FDのみならず、各教員の日常的な研修環境の整備やニーズに即したプログラムの企画を通して、教員の研究指導力の開発を目標とすることが重要であると思われた。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

唇顎口蓋裂治療において、出生時から成人までの一貫治療が重要といわれている。新潟大学医歯学総合病院口腔外科で1983年から採用している二段階口蓋形成手術法の治療成績と単一施設研究の限界について述べた。また、新潟大学、東北大学、昭和大学、東京大学、愛知学院大学、大阪大学の6施設が実施した唇顎口蓋裂治療に関する多施設比較研究(Japancleftプロジェクト)の結果の一部を紹介し、問題点について述べた。

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.56.628

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

This report presents the use of &lt;I&gt;ex vivo&lt;/I&gt; produced oral mucosa equivalent (EVPOME) applied to an oral mucosa defect in two patients with cleft lip and palate. Autologous keratinocytes were placed and propagated in a chemically-defined, animal product and a xenogeneic feeder layer free culture system. Cells were then seeded and cultured on an acellular dermal substrate, AlloDerm&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;, which provides strength, durability, and elasticity to the graft.&lt;br&gt;In case 1, a 20-year-old female underwent closure of the oronasal fistula in the midline of the hard palate using a rotational palatal flap. A circular EVPOME graft (approximately 20 mm in diameter) was grafted onto the bone surface of the donor site of the flap. In case 2, a 16-year-old male underwent vestibuloplasty in the premaxilla region. After trimming, two circular EVPOME grafts were placed over the intact periosteum.&lt;br&gt;The grafts were easily fixed in place to the surrounding scarred mucosa. Although the underlying tissue of the EVPOME graft sutures was scarred, graft adherence was achieved within a week. The successful clinical outcome reported here suggests the efficacy of EVPOME grafts onto a less-vascularized, scarred tissue, and that the use of EVPOME grafts is highly applicable for patients with cleft lip and palate. EVPOME grafting could be extended especially toward pediatric patients with cleft lip and palate for reconstruction of oral mucosa defects by using cryopreserved autologous keratinocytes and by developing a novel material to ensure a steady supply of scaffold instead of the man-made AlloDerm&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt;.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.35.235

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

Objectives; The aim of this study was to determine the optimal timing of hard palate closure with low surgical damage and to assess the difficulty in achieving early acquisition of normal articulation using Furlow&#039;s palatoplasty (F-group), which provides earlier velopharyngeal competence than by Perko&#039;s method (P-group).&lt;br&gt;Subjects and Methods;&lt;br&gt;1. Serial study cast models of the F-group (unilateral cleft lip and palate, N=47) were used to evaluate the reduction in the residual cleft size in the hard palate.&lt;br&gt;2. The surgical results of the F-group, such as the maximum cleft width, operation time, blood loss and fistula rate were compared with those of the P-group.&lt;br&gt;3. The surgical damage and difficulty of hard palate closure in the F-group was also subjectively evaluated by inspecting randomly-selected cast models at four years of age and at the time of hard palate closure.&lt;br&gt;Results;&lt;br&gt;1. The anterior cleft width showed a significant reduction by two years of age.&lt;br&gt;2. The posterior cleft width also showed a significant reduction by three years of age. On the other hand, the posterior alveolar width showed a significant increase by four years of age.&lt;br&gt;3. The maximum cleft width and the blood loss in the F-group and P-group were 4.06 mm and 15.3 g, and 6.02 mm and 34.6 g, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in the operation time or the fistula rate.&lt;br&gt;4. The subjective evaluation of the surgical damage and difficulty in achieving hard palate closure in the F-group was low. The agreement between the evaluations at four years of age and at the time of hard palate closure was high.&lt;br&gt;Conclusion; This study showed that the hard palate could be closed at 4 years of age with low surgical damage and little difficulty by applying Furlow&#039;s method.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.35.195

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会  

We reported a case of bilateral cleft lip and palate treated by surgical rotation of tooth germ of the lateral incisor adjacent to the alveolar cleft along with bone graft. The patient was a 7-year, 4-month-old boy at the time of the operation. The alveolar cleft existed only on the right side. The image findings revealed that the upper right lateral incisor was conical, infraversed and inclined mesialy at about 90 degrees. The degree of completion of root formation described by Moorrees was Ri to R&lt;SUB&gt;1/4&lt;/SUB&gt;. The right upper second premolar was also absent. During the operation, the tooth germ of the lateral incisor was exposed on the cleft margin of the minor segment. After extraction of the upper right deciduous canine and removal of the dental sac of the crown of the lateral incisor, the lateral incisor was inclined toward the socket of the deciduous canine in order not to move the location of the root apex. Finally, particulate cancellous bone and marrow from the iliac crest were grafted and the wound was completely closed. The lateral incisor erupted at 8 months and the root formation was completed by 2 years after the operation. There has been no evidence of root resorption, curved root or pulpa canal obliteration in the 7 years since the operation.&lt;br&gt;In order to achieve successful results of surgical rotation of tooth germ, it is important to operate at the initial root formation stage, with less surgical damage, and not to move the location of the root apex. It is also recommended that the degree of root rotation should not exceed 90 degrees. If these conditions are satisfied, the surgical repositioning of the tooth becomes a treatment option for occlusal formation of the alveolar cleft region where misdirection and dislocation of teeth occur frequently.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate.35.241

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Language：English   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of early and late bone grafts in patients with Cleftlip and alveolus only, consequently excluding the influence of palatal closure on craniofacial growth. Subjects and Methods: The subjects were chosen from the records of the Orthodontic Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital. 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip and alveolus only (without cleft palate) were chosen and divided into 2 groups based on the following selection criteria: Early bone grafting (EBG) at a mean age of 8 years and 3 months. Late bone grafting (LBG) at a mean age of 13 years and 7 months. The majority had orthodontic treatment during the mixed dentition. Lateral cephalograms were traced, and then 22 angular and 27linear measurements were analyzed. Results: Mann-Whitney test showed that all angular measurements were not significantly different between the 8and the 14 years old subjects in the EBG and LBG groups. The difference in the value of A&#039;-PNS between 14 and 8 years showed a significant difference when the groups were compared. Conclusion: The present study showed decrease in anteroposterior maxillary growth in the EBG group. Apossible reason for our finding might be the inhibition of maxillary growth that caused bone grafting operation and the short evaluation period (around 1 year) in the LBG group, while it was longer for the EBG group. Grafted bone is possibly allowed to undergo resorption during remodeling or displacement of the new bone with longer time. As a result, the decrease in the maxillary anteroposterior length exhibited by the distance from A&#039;- PNS was recognized in the EBG group.目的：本研究の目的は片側性唇顎裂患者において二次的顎裂部骨移植の時期の違いが顎顔面形態に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることである。対象：新潟大学医歯学病院矯正歯科診療室において管理されている片側性唇顎裂患者のうち，早期二次的顎裂部骨移植を施行した17 名（骨移植施行平均年齢８歳３か月，以下早期群と略す），晩期二次的骨移植群骨移植を施行した13 名（平均年齢13 歳７か月，以下晩期群と略す）の計30 名を対象とした。これらの８歳時ならびに14 歳時の側面頭部X 線規格写真をトレースし，22 項目の角度計測ならびに27 項目の距離計測を行ない，両群の８歳時ならびに14 歳時の値，および８歳時から14 歳時の変化について両群間で比較した。結果：８歳時ならびに14 歳時両時期において，角度計測項目ならびに距離計測項目のすべての計測項目について両群間で有意差は認められなかった。しかしながら，８歳から14 歳の変化量に関し距離計測項目のうちA&#039;-PNS において，両群間で有意差を認めた。結論：本研究では上顎骨の前後的な長さに関してその変化量に差を認めた。その理由として１．骨移植術施行時の外科的侵襲による成長抑制，２．晩期群では骨移植後移植骨の置換が完了せず，移植骨の吸収も少ない反面，早期群では骨移植後５年前後経過しており移植骨の置換がおこなわれ，A 点付近の骨吸収が生じること，から，上顎骨の前後的な長さに差が生じたと考えられた。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

新潟大学歯学部歯学科では、21世紀の社会動向を見通し、2000年度より新教育課程を開始した。新課程は、認知、精神運動、情意の3領域の教育を密接に連関させることにより学生の知的好奇心を喚起させ、教育目標とする人材育成を効果的に達成しようとするもので、その方策として問題発見解決型学習を展開している。今回、カリキュラム評価を目的に、2001・2002年度入学、6年一貫教育、新潟大学医歯学総合病院における卒業後1年間の歯科医師臨床研修の3条件を満たす卒業生を対象として、新課程で獲得が期待される学習成果、すなわち、知識・理解、専門的能力、汎用的能力、態度・姿勢の4つの観点からなる25項目の達成度に関して、4段階の基準で自己評価を依頼した。また、臨床研修で1年間にわたり卒業生を観察してきた指導歯科医師にも、同じ項目について対象者の達成度を評価するよう依頼した。卒業生と指導歯科医師それぞれが学習成果の達成度を評価し、その結果にさほど矛盾がなければ、一致した評価結果は信頼できると仮定し、両者の一致度を指標として新課程の教育効果を検討した。その結果、卒業生は科学的根拠に基づいた歯科医療を実践する力、問題を発見し解決する力、コミュニケーションする力、適切に判断し行動する力、さまざまな価値観を受容する力の育成がなされており、新課程は一定の教育効果をもち、その狙いはおおむね達成されていると考えられた。(著者抄録)

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Autotransplantation is often performed to replace a missing tooth, but tooth autotransplantation has been reported in fewer teeth with complete root formation than those with incomplete root formation. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the factors that affect the prognosis of autotransplantation of teeth with complete root formation. 109 patients with 117 transplants were studied. Of the 117 transplants investigated, 14 (12%) failed during the observation period. The overall 1-year survival rate was 96%; the 5-year survival rate was 84%. The major causes of failure were unsuccessful initial healing and replacement root resorption with periodontal inflammation. Factors significantly associated with unsuccessful transplantation, in single factor analysis, were age 40 years or more, molar tooth as donor, probing pocket depth to 4 mm or more, history of root canal treatment, multi-rooted teeth and fixation with sutures. Pocket depth of 4 mm or more and history of root canal treatment appeared to increase the risk of unsuccessful transplantation in multivariate analysis. It is suggested that the pocket depth of the donor tooth and history of root canal treatment are related to the healing of paratransplantal tissue and root resorption. © 2010 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.06.018

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

今回我々は，受容部に認めた残留嚢胞の摘出と同時に軽度の歯周炎を有する歯を移植し，良好に経過した症例を経験したので報告するとともに，その成功要因について移植歯と受容部の予後因子について検討した。症例は53歳，女性。移植歯は上顎左側智歯で，歯周ポケット4mm，付着の喪失4mm で軽度の歯周炎を呈していた。受容部は下顎右側第一大臼歯相当部歯槽堤で，パノラマおよびデンタルＸ線写真で歯槽頂のやや下方に境界明瞭で類円形のＸ線透過像が認められた。移植歯は3根でやや肥大していたが，歯根膜の付着量は口蓋根で11mm，頬側根で8mmであった。嚢胞の摘出に際しては，同部が移植窩となることを考慮して病変にアプローチしたところ，歯槽頂より7～8mm下方に嚢胞を認め摘出した。そのため移植窩はその下方で嚢胞摘出腔と連続したが，歯槽頂から7～8mmの高さでは4壁の歯槽骨が確保でき，移植歯と移植窩の適合は良好であった。術後3週目で固定を除去し，根管治療を開始した。術後3か月目に根管充填を行い，移植後8か月で最終補綴治療を行ったところ，デンタルＸ線写真でも移植歯周囲の骨新生は良好であった。現在，術後6年を経過しているが経過は良好である。この理由として，移植窩形成時に移植窩上縁に4壁の歯槽骨が確保でき，移植歯の歯頸部付近での適合が良好であったこと，移植歯の歯根膜付着が確保できたことなどが考えられた。The purposes of this article were to report a successful case of immediate autotransplantation after surgical extirpation of a residual cyst, and to review donor tooth- and recipient site-associated factors that favored the outcome. The case is of a 53 years old female. The donor tooth was the maxillary left third molar that developed mild periodontitis with probing pocket depth of 4 mm and attachment loss of 4 mm. In panoramic and dental x-rays, the lesion appeared at the alveolar crest slightly downward in the mandibular right first molar region as a well-demarcated unilocular radiolucency. The donor tooth had three slightly hypertrophic roots, but with enough attached periodontium on root surfaces. As a result of surgical extirpation of the cyst observed at 7-8mm depth below the alveolar ridge, the bottom of the transplant socket became continuous with the extirpation defect. However, we were able to preserve the buccal and lingual walls of the alveolar bone, and successfully prepared a 7-8-mm-deep, 4-wall transplant socket that conformed well to the transplanted tooth. We removed the resin-wire splint used for fixation 3 weeks postoperatively and started endodontic treatment. We performed root canal filling with gutta-percha 3 months postoperatively and prosthetic treatment was done 8 months postoperatively. Control radiographs taken during 6 years of follow-up displayed disappearance of radiolucency, clearly visible periodontal ligament space around the transplant, and no signs of root resorption, indicating good healing. The favorable outcome of this case may be attributable to the following factors: (i) successful creation of a four-wall transplant socket; (ii) good initial stability due to good conformity of the cervix of the transplant; (iii) absence of osteosclerotic findings around the cystic radiolucency at the first molar region; and (iv) successful periodontal reattachment of the donor tooth.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

新潟大学歯学部歯学科では，2000年度より新教育課程を開始した。新課程は，認知，精神運動，情意３領域の教育を密接に連関させることにより学生の知的好奇心を喚起させ，教育目標とする人材育成を効果的に達成しようとするもので，その方策として問題発見解決型学習を展開している。今回，この課程で学んだ2006年度卒業生を対象としてカリキュラム評価を実施した。卒業後1年が経過した臨床研修修了時に記名式調査用紙を郵送し，カリキュラム・授業に対する満足度について質問した。また，カリキュラムの教育効果に関して，教育目標とする人材への到達度および学習成果の達成度について自己評価を依頼した。なお，新潟大学医歯学総合病院において臨床研修を受けた卒業生に対して，指導歯科医師による教員評価を行い，卒業生の自己評価の信頼性についても検討した。対象者40名中24名，60.0％から調査用紙の返送があり，以下の結果を得た。1.カリキュラムに対する学習者の満足度は良好であった。2.全般に教育目標への到達度は良好で，卒業生は人間性豊かな人材，問題発見解決型人材へ成長していた。3.卒業生は科学的根拠に基づいた歯科医療を実践する力，問題を発見し解決する力，意思決定し自己責任を負う態度の育成がなされていた。以上から，新課程は一定の教育効果をもち，その目的はある程度，達成されていると考えられた。We have run a new dental curriculum at the Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry since April 2000.The aim of this new curriculum was to create mature dentists effectively through the activation of knowledge curiosity by correlation of three domains, cognitive, psychomotor and affective. We have adopted problem discovering/solving type learning for this purpose. In this investigation, we evaluated this curriculum. Subjects comprised graduates who had studied based upon this new curriculum all the way through for the first time, and graduated in March 2006. We carried out the survey by sending several questionnaires to them one year after graduation when they finished their residency program. We asked them regarding their appreciation of the new curriculum and programs along with their self-assessment of their personal maturation as dentists and learning effects. Reliability of the self-assessments was also investigated in comparison with the evaluation by the instructors during the residency program at the Niigata University Hospital. The survey was collected from 24 graduates out of 40 (60.0%). The results were as follows: 1. Satisfaction rate of the curriculum was good. 2. Accomplishment of designated aims was generally well and their personal maturation along with their problem discovering / solving abilities was achieved. 3. The graduates developed their ability of evidence based dentistry, problem discovering / solving and responsibility for their decisions. Taking the above results into consideration, we concluded that our new curriculum is effective to some extent and the revision has been successful.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

We describe an 88-year-old woman with gas-forming submental cellulitis in whom nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcer led to hemorrhagic shock during treatment of an odontogenic infection. Hemodynamic treatment had to take priority, and intensive treatment for inflammation could not be performed. This apparently led to the development of descending necrotizing mediastinitis. During the six days of hospitalization, she took a total of 6 tablets of loxoprofen sodium (60 mg) and 1 diclofenac sodium suppository (25 mg) for analgesia after treatment.&lt;BR&gt;Retrospectively, if decisive and aggressive treatment for inflammation had been performed earlier after hospitalization, inflammation may have resolved sooner. Our experience reconfirms that the initial treatment of odontogenic infection is extremely important in very elderly patients. Even if NSAIDs are received for a short period of time in small doses, gastrointestinal hemorrhage can occur, as in our patient. Patients at high risk for gastrointestinal ulcer should receive prophylactic treatment with cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors orproton pump inhibitors.Generally, very elderly patients have a high risk of complications because of considerable age-related declines in physical ability and functional reserve of organs. Very cautious treatment is therefore necessary.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.54.541

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

新潟大学歯学部歯学科では、5年次の4月から10月にPBLチュートリアルによる授業「顎顔面診断・治療学」を実施している。今回、PBLチュートリアルの教育効果を検証するために、授業開始前と終了後に、生涯学習能力に関する学生の自己評価を行い、その結果を比較した。対象は、平成18,19年度学生105名中95名である。学生には研究の目的、結果は成績評価に用いないこと、研究への協力は本人の自由意思によることを説明し、同意を得た。方法は、生涯学習能力に関する学習意欲、問題発見・解決能力、自己評価能力、コミュニケーション能力の11項目の方向目標を学生に明示し、評価基準について教員を含めクラス全員で討論した後に、内的基準を学生に個人的に設定させ、それに従い到達度を5段階で自己評価させた。その結果、自己評価能力についてはPBLチュートリアル前後で変化は認められなかったが、学習意欲、問題発見・解決能力、コミュニケーション能力は有意な上昇がみられた。以上のことから、PBLチュートリアルは生涯学習能力の育成に効果があると推察された。知識基盤社会を生き抜くこれからの歯科医師を養成するために、歯学教育におけるPBLチュートリアルの重要性は、ますます高まるものと考える。(著者抄録)

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS  

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relapse tendency in the maxillary dental arch widths in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with different types of maxillary arch form.
Subjects: Thirty-two unilateral cleft lip and palate patients treated by one-stage surgical palatal closure were included. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the types of the maxillary arch forms: group A, symmetrical arch form; group 13, collapse of minor segment; group C, collapse of both segments.
Methods: Using dental casts obtained at three different times, relapse in the intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar widths in each group was assessed and differences between groups were investigated.
Results: Patients in group A showed stable results in all measurements. Patients in group B showed posttreatment relapse in the intercanine width only, whereas patients in group C demonstrated significant posttreatment relapses in the interpremolar and intermolar widths. Comparison between groups showed more significant relapse in the interpremolar and intermolar widths of group C than in those of group B.
Conclusion: The types of the maxillary arch forms in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients might play a stronger role in the stability of the maxillary dental arch widths after orthodontic treatment in patients with collapse of both segments and a severe degree of maxillary narrowness.

DOI： 10.1597/07-053.1

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate long-term developmental changes of nasal form in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).&lt;BR&gt;Subjects and Methods: The subjects comprised 11 boys and 10 girls with UCLP (CL group) born between 1982 and 1990 who had undergone two-stage palatal closure along with Hotz&#039; plate. Control subjects were composed of 10 boys and 10 girls without UCLP (NCL group) who had undergone the first phase of orthodontic treatment for anterior crossbite when aged between 8 to 10 years. Lateral cephalograms taken between 8 and 14 years old were divided into four age groups of 8,10,12 and 14 years old. After lateral cephalograms were traced, they were superimposed on various structures of the frontal cranial base. The FH plane was selected as a reference line, and then angular and linear measurements were performed.&lt;BR&gt;The results were as follows:&lt;BR&gt;1. The horizontal position of the maxilla in the CL group was more posterior for both boys and girls than that in the NCL group, indicating the tendency toward maxillary deficiency.&lt;BR&gt;2. In terms of nasal appearance in soft tissue profile, while the CL group had a backward positioned nose compared with the NCL group, there was no statistical significance in nasal height (Pn-Sn) between the CL and NCL groups in both boys and girls.&lt;BR&gt;3. As for nasal form, dorsal angle of the nose (&amp;ang; 1) and curvature of the nasal base (&amp;ang; 4) were significantly small and large respectively, for both boys and girls in the CL group compared with the NCL group.&lt;BR&gt;4. The horizontal and vertical positions of the nasal bone and the maxilla to the cranial base may be associated with nasal form.&lt;BR&gt;5. Changes in the amount of the nasal apex every two years were less than one degree for both boys and girls, suggesting that the shape of the nasal apex is maintained in children of the ages observed.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.33.1_42

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC  

This paper considers issues that relate to staff recruitment, staff development and global mobility of dental academics. Published literature, which has a North American bias, is reviewed. Recommendations, which may be applicable world-wide, are made to address evident and pertinent areas of concern in terms of the availability of quality dental teaching staff in dental teaching institutions so as to sustain the global dental academic enterprise at appropriately high levels of achievement.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1600-0579.2007.00496.x

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本頭蓋顎顔面外科学会  

硬口蓋裂術後の残遺孔に対し舌弁による閉鎖術を施行した12例について臨床的検討を行った。1)性別は男女各6例で、手術時年齢は15〜23歳(平均19.3歳)であった。2)口蓋部の残遺孔の発生は、両側性7例、片側性4例、口蓋裂1例で、両側性に多かった。3)手術法はpushback法が11例、二段階法が1例であった。4)残遺孔の部位は切歯孔部に関連する症例が10例、硬口蓋正中部などの比較的後方に認める症例が2例で、残遺孔による障害はほとんどが鼻漏であった。5)舌弁により残遺孔が完全閉鎖された症例は7例、術後に形態修正術、顎裂部腸骨移植術などで二次的に閉鎖した症例が3例あり、結果的に10例(83.3%)で完全閉塞が得られた。尚、最終的に2例では小さな瘻孔が残ったが、鼻漏れなどの障害は認められなかった。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the timing of secondary bone grafting on the growth and development of dentofacial complex in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).&lt;BR&gt;Design: Retrospective lateral cephalometric study.&lt;BR&gt;Interventions: Thirty patients received similar primary surgical procedures by the same surgeon and the similar first phase orthodontic treatment. These patients were divided into two groups according to their age at secondary bone grafting: 23 patients at a mean age of 9.6 years (early group) and 7 at a mean age of 12.2 years (late group).&lt;BR&gt;Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of all subjects were obtained at two different times: at the age of 7 or 8 years (prior to bone grafting) and at the age of 15 or 16 years (more than one year after bone grafting). Twenty-eight measurement items on the sagittal and vertical growth of viscerocranium were compared between the early and late groups by the unpaired t-test.&lt;BR&gt;Results and discussion: Vertical maxillary growth was inhibited significantly in the early group in comparison with the late group; however, there was no significant difference in sagittal maxillary growth between the two groups. This suggests that sagittal anterior maxillary growth is almost completed before the age of 10 years, but the alveolar process is still growing vertically after the age of 10 years.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.32.3_283

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

上顎歯列弓の狭窄に対してLe Fort I型骨切り術を用いたsurgically assisted maxillary expansion(SAME)を行った口唇口蓋裂8例を対象とし、術式ならびにその利点、欠点について検討した。6例は第I期歯科矯正治療で側方拡大を行い後戻りした既往があった。手術時間は平均87分で、出血量は平均218gであった。術中、術後の合併症はなかった。平均45日間の待機期間後、1日0.4〜1mmの速度で拡大を行い、6〜11mmと全例で予定通りの拡大量が得られた。術後3ヵ月からX線写真で骨延長部に新生骨が確認できた。拡大装置による保定期間は平均94日間で、その後にquad-helixを装着し、歯の移動を開始した。SAMEは容易で、確実に歯列弓の拡大が行え、口唇口蓋裂患者の上顎狭窄歯列弓の治療に有用な方法であることが示唆された。

DOI： 10.5927/jjjd1991.17.206

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DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.32.1_43

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

本研究の目的は、臨床研修歯科医採用試験においてミニワークショップによる評価が有効か否かを検討することである。平成16年12月、新潟大学医歯学総合病院歯科医師臨床研修を希望する者35名を5グループに編成して自由討論を行わせ、5名の評価者がローテーションにより各グループ受験者の態度・コミュニケーション能力を評価した。その後、ミニワークショップによる評価の妥当性を探るためにアンケート調査(受験者・評価者対象)を実施して分析を行うとともに、各試験成績間およびこれらと1年間の臨床研修総括評価との相関について検索した。その結果、1)採用試験の一部としてのミニワークショップは運営上効率的であり、アンケート調査結果からミニワークショップは情意領域の評価に有効であることが示された。2)ミニワークショップ成績は小論文成績と正の相関を示したが、実技成績とは相関がなかった。3)ミニワークショップ成績は臨床研修における情意および認知領域での総括評価と強い正の相関を示した。以上より、ミニワークショップは臨床研修歯科医採用試験での臨床能力評価において有効であり、情意領域のみでなく認知領域の評価をもある程度代替できる可能性が示唆された。今後は評価基準の検討によりさらに信頼性を高める必要がある。(著者抄録)

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.31.3_245

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Previous studies have pointed out a lack of adhesion structures in the synovial lining layer of the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) despite showing an epithelial arrangement. CD44, a major cell adhesion molecule, plays crucial roles as an anchor between cells and extracellular matrices by binding hyaluronan (HA) for the development of organs or the metastasis of tumors. The present study examined the localization of CD44 in the synovial membrane of the rat TMJ by immunocytochemistry for OX50, ED1, and Hsp25, which are markers for the rat CD44, macrophage-like type A, and fibroblast-like type B synoviocytes, respectively. Histochemistry for HA-binding protein (HABP) was also employed for the detection of HA. OX50 immunoreactions were found along the cell surface and, in particular, accumulated along the surface of the articular cavity. Observations by a double immunostaining and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that all the OX50-immunopositive cells were categorized as fibroblastic type B cells, which had many caveolae and a few vesicles reactive to intense OX50. However, the macrophage-like type A cells did not have any OX50 immunoreaction in the synovial lining layer. A strong HABP reaction was discernable in the extracellular matrix surrounding both OX50-positive and -negative cells in the synovial lining layers, exhibiting a meshwork distribution, but weak in its sublining layer. This localization pattern of CD44 and HABP might be involved in the formation of the epithelial arrangement of the synovial lining layer. Furthermore, OX50 immunonegativity in the type A cells suggests their low phagocytotic activity in the rat TMJ under normal conditions. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ar.a.20331

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-LISS  

Previous studies have pointed out a lack of adhesion structures in the synovial lining layer of the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) despite showing an epithelial arrangement. CD44, a major cell adhesion molecule, plays crucial roles as an anchor between cells and extracellular matrices by binding hyaluronan (HA) for the development of organs or the metastasis of tumors. The present study examined the localization of CD44 in the synovial membrane of the rat TMJ by immunocytochemistry for OX50, ED1, and Hsp25, which are markers for the rat CD44, macrophage-like type A, and fibroblast-like type B synoviocytes, respectively. Histochemistry for HA-binding protein (HABP) was also employed for the detection of HA. OX50 immunoreactions were found along the cell surface and, in particular, accumulated along the surface of the articular cavity. Observations by a double immunostaining and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that all the OX50-immunopositive cells were categorized as fibroblastic type B cells, which had many caveolae and a few vesicles reactive to intense OX50. However, the macrophage-like type A cells did not have any OX50 immunoreaction in the synovial lining layer. A strong HABP reaction was discernable in the extracellular matrix surrounding both OX50-positive and -negative cells in the synovial lining layers, exhibiting a meshwork distribution, but weak in its sublining layer. This localization pattern of CD44 and HABP might be involved in the formation of the epithelial arrangement of the synovial lining layer. Furthermore, OX50 immunonegativity in the type A cells suggests their low phagocytotic activity in the rat TMJ under normal conditions.

DOI： 10.1002/ar.a.20331

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

新潟大学歯学部歯学科では平成16年度より5年次の授業にPBLテュートリアルを導入した.1年次に教えられる学習から自ら学ぶ学習態度への転換,またその学習法としてのスタディ・スキルズを習得させ,3年次に医学教育開発研究センター主催の「楽位置楽The Tutorial」への参加によりPBLの原理を理解させた後に,部分的折衷型カリキュラムで実施している.このPBLテュートリアルは,4年次までに学習した基礎科学と臨床歯学の知識を統合させ,疾患概念を構築し,治療の原則を理解すること,また臨床実習前に,医療人としての在り方を深く考えさせることを教育の目標とし,基礎および臨床の8分野が参加している.このカリキュラムで学習した平成16,17年度5年生,計107名のアンケート結果では,約9割の学生がPBLテュートリアルをこれからの歯科医師としてのキャリアに重要と捉えていた.また,約8割の学生がPBLテュートリアルでの学習を有意義と感じており,科目別の知識の統合と理解の深化,学習意欲の高まり,問題発見・解決能力や対人関係能力の向上を自覚していた.PBLテュートリアルの実施にあたっては,学習内容と量を十分に検討し,それに見合う自習時間を確保すること,また,学生主体の学習を補う支援授業の開催や,学習を促進させる教員の養成が重要と考えられた(著者抄録)

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS  

Objective: To report a case of blepharo-cheilo-dontic (BCD) syndrome, to compare with the previous cases, and to discuss the possible treatment.
Patient: The patient was a 14-day-old boy born uneventfully on August 7, 2002. His scalp hair was sparse and curly. A tumor on the top of his head, which was thought to be a dermoid cyst, and a nevus on the back of his left hand were observed. All typical symptoms of blepharo-cheilo-dontic syndrome, such as euryblepharon with ectropion of the lower eyelids, distichiasis, bilateral cleft lip and palate, severe oligodontia, and conical teeth, were observed. Because there was no fatal complication, and growth and development were about normal, it was recommended that a long and active treatment plan be considered for this patient.

DOI： 10.1597/04-200.1

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPANESE SOCIETY OF PEDIATRIC ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY  

It is necessary for dentists to control the mandibular hypomobility in children even if it happens relatively rarely. In this case report, we present two different causes for limitation of mouth opening.<BR>They have morphological abnormalities in their unilateral masticatory muscles on the CTs, but there is no abnormal finding around their temporomandibular joints. Case 1 is a 3 year-old boy who had a history of cranial operations several times due to multi-located brain vascular malformations. On his CTs, atrophic changes were detected in some masticatory muscles that were controlled under facial and trigeminal nerves. Case 2 is a one-year old boy who has a congenital wryneck. His temporal muscle reveals hypertrophy on his CTs. Dystonia of masticatory muscle was suspected from these findings as well as his sternocleid muscle of his wryneck. At the present time, it is very difficult to detect in detail such as electro-myographies about their pathology because of his younger age. Therefore, we will observe his oral conditions and follow up for a long time.

DOI： 10.11265/poms1991.15.118

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Language：English   Publisher：エルゼビア・ジャパン(株)  

進行性顔面片側萎縮症(PHA)は顔面の片側に生じる自己限定的な皮下組織萎縮であり,硬組織性は稀である.散発性の緩徐進行性疾患であり,病因については不明である.基本的に,PHA(通常は軟部組織)による顔面非対称治療は容積増強術によって行われる.硬組織PHAの稀症例について述べた.症例は15歳男児であった.左大臼歯,上顎および下顎に萎縮性変化が生じ,中程度の軟部組織萎縮が伴っていた.口部は右側上方に傾斜し,正常咬合にも関らず咬合平面は重度に傾斜していた.萎縮性変化および進行の停止を認めた後に,歯科矯正手術を行った.咬合平面および顔面非対称を矯正するために,Le Fort Iおよび両側下顎枝垂直骨切術を行った.3年後の追加調査では,咬合平衡は良好で,顔面対称性も改善し,萎縮再発は認められなかった.このように,中程度の軟部組織萎縮を伴う硬組織萎縮の第一手段として,歯科矯正外科は有効であった

DOI： 10.11277/osi.2.131

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is caused by obstruction of blood flow of the deep vein of the leg and accelerated blood coagulating activity. DVT may occur after an operation. However, there are few reports of DVT associated with surgery of the oral and maxillofacial region, especially in young adults.&lt;BR&gt;We report a case of DVT occurring after orthognathic surgery in a 19-year-old woman at our hospital. She had facial asymmetry and underwent Le Fort I osteotomy of the maxilla combined with sagittal splitting ramus osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy of the mandible under general anesthesia. Although she was able to walk the next day, symptoms of DVT appeared 3 days after the operation. On the 18th day after the first operation, surgery to remove the thrombus was performed by cardiovascular surgeons. She was discharged on the 34th day after the first operation.&lt;BR&gt;Orthognathic surgery is not free of the risk of DVT, which can cause fatal acute pulmonary thromboembolism. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent DVT after orthognathic surgery, even in young adults.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.51.520

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Previous developmental studies on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have proposed several hypotheses on the formation of its articular cavity. However, detailed information is meager. The present study examined the formation process of the articular cavity in the rat TMJ by immunocytochemistry for CD31, RECA-1, and ED1, which are useful cellular markers for endothelial cells and monocyte/macrophage lineages, respectively. The upper articular cavity formation had begun by embryonic day 21 (E21) and was completed at postnatal day 1 (P1) in advance of the lower cavitation
the latter took place from P1 to P3. The occurrence and distribution pattern of the CD31-, RECA-1-, and ED1-positive cells differed between the upper and lower articular cavity-forming areas: the ED1-positive cells exclusively occurred in the area of the prospective upper articular cavity prior to its formation, while no ED1-positive cell appeared in the lower cavity-forming area. In contrast, the CD31- and RECA-1-positive endothelial cells were restricted to the lower cavity-forming area (never the prospective upper cavity) at E19 and diminished thereafter. Throughout the cavity formation, we failed to find any apoptotic cells in the cavity formation area, indicating no involvement of apoptosis in the cavity formation in TMJ. The present findings on the behaviors of endothelial cells and ED1-positive cells show a possibility of different mechanism in the cavity formation between the upper and lower articular cavities in the rat TMJ. The appearance of ED1-reactive cells and temporal vascularization may play crucial roles in the upper and lower articular cavity formation, respectively. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ar.a.20228

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-LISS  

Previous developmental studies on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have proposed several hypotheses on the formation of its articular cavity. However, detailed information is meager. The present study examined the formation process of the articular cavity in the rat TMJ by immunocytochemistry for CD31, RECA-1, and ED1, which are useful cellular markers for endothelial cells and monocyte/macrophage lineages, respectively. The upper articular cavity formation had begun by embryonic day 21 (E21) and was completed at postnatal day 1 (P1) in advance of the lower cavitation; the latter took place from P1 to P3. The occurrence and distribution pattern of the CD31-, RECA-1-, and ED1-positive cells differed between the upper and lower articular cavity-forming areas: the ED1-positive cells exclusively occurred in the area of the prospective upper articular cavity prior to its formation, while no ED1-positive cell appeared in the lower cavity-forming area. In contrast, the CD31- and RECA-1-positive endothelial cells were restricted to the lower cavity-forming area (never the prospective upper cavity) at E19 and diminished thereafter. Throughout the cavity formation, we failed to find any apoptotic cells in the cavity formation area, indicating no involvement of apoptosis in the cavity formation in TMJ. The present findings on the behaviors of endothelial cells and ED1-positive cells show a possibility of different mechanism in the cavity formation between the upper and lower articular cavities in the rat TMJ. The appearance of ED1-reactive cells and temporal vascularization may play crucial roles in the upper and lower articular cavity formation, respectively. (C) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ar.a.20228

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

17歳女.9歳時に中心性血管腫の診断にて輸入血管塞栓術後に下顎骨部分切除術を施行された.咀嚼障害と審美障害を主訴に顎堤形成目的で来診した.両側中切歯・側切歯・犬歯の6歯を含め下顎骨が切除されていたため,歯槽骨欠損に対してプレート型延長装置を用いて垂直的歯槽骨延長法を施行した.その結果,延長装置は小型で患者にとって違和感がなく,感染など合併症も認められず,形成された顎堤は高さ・幅共に良好でインプラントにより機能的にも審美的にも満足いく咬合が再建された.以上より垂直的歯槽骨延長法は従来の骨移植と比較して術式が簡単かつ安全で,骨の採取不用・術後の骨吸収が少ない・骨延長に制限がない・骨周囲の骨膜や軟組織も延長するなど多くの利点を有し,歯槽骨欠損に対する有用な治療方法であるものと考えられた

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

2001年12月に新潟大学の教員6名が南カリフォルニア大学歯学部を訪れ,米国人学生とともにPBL(問題解決型学習)教育を1週間体験した.また,PBLの概念,教科課程編成法,教材の作成法,評価方法などについて資料収集を行った.その結果,PLBでは問題への解答よりも学習者中心の問題解決過程を通じた理解の育成が重視されること,教員の役割は知識の伝授ではなくグループの作業プロセスを支援して学習目標への到達を促すものであることなどが確認された

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟大学  

Vertical alveolar distraction was first described by Chin and Toth in 1996. This method is an alternative procedure for augmentation of the alveolar ridge. A segmental osteotomy mobilizes the bone for transport. By using controlled, gradual distraction, it is possible to enlarge the segment of the bone and reconstruct the alveolar ridge. This paper presented our first experience with alveolar ridge distraction in a patient with a bone defect after segmental resection in tumor surgery. An internal distraction device (LEAD system(R), LEIBINGER) was used. This device achieved patient acceptability and comfort. Distraction osteogenesis was successfully done to correct the alveolar process deficiency without any complications. Correction of the site of deficiency made it possible to rehabilitate the dentition using osseointegrated implants. Vertical alveolar distraction seems to have many advantages compared with autogenous onlay bone grafting. The advantages are as follows ; easy and safe technique, no donor site morbidity, less bone resorption, no limitation of distraction, expanding the overlying soft tissue while distraction osteogenesis.垂直的歯槽骨延長法は、1996年にChin and Tothにより初めて報告された顎堤形成法である｡骨切りした歯槽骨片を延長装置により徐々に上方に移動させ、骨断端間に新たな骨を再生させることにより、顎堤の高さを回復する。今回、腫瘍切除後の歯槽骨欠損に対して、プレート型延長装置(LEIBINGER社製LEADシステム(R))を用いて、垂直的歯槽骨延長法を施行した1例を経験した｡延長装置は小型で、患者にとって違和感はなく、また、感染などの合併症は認められなかった｡形成された顎堤は高さ、幅ともに良好で、インプラントにより機能的にも審美的にも満足いく咬合を再建可能であった｡垂直的歯槽骨延長法は、これまでおもに行われてきた骨移植と比較して、術式が簡単で安全、骨の採取が不要、術後の骨吸収が少ない、骨延長量に制限がない、骨周囲の骨膜や軟組織も延長するなどさまざまな利点を有し、歯槽骨欠損に対する有用な治療方法と考えられた｡

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD  

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the linkage between candidate genes on chromosome 19 and cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Japanese using a parametric method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: After informed consent was obtained, blood samples were drawn from 90 individuals in 14 families, 30 of whom were affected, and genomic DNAs were extracted. PCR-amplified products using four microsatellite markers, D19S178, BCL3, APOC2[007/008] and APOC2[AC1/AC2] located in 19q13.2, were separated by 8% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Linkage analysis was carried out using the MLINK and LINKMAP programs, and logarithm of odds (LOD) scores were calculated for each family.
RESULTS: Before undertaking linkage analysis, we analyzed 74 healthy Japanese subjects and found racial differences in that the observed number of alleles and their heterozygosity were lower in Japanese than in Caucasians, and that both populations tended to show a different allele distribution. In 14 families, two-point maximum LOD score (Z(max)) for BCL3 was 0.341 and multi-point Z(max) was less than -2 excluding linkage. But in 9 families with left and bilateral CL/P, two-point Z(max) for APOC2[AC1/AC2] was 1.701 and multi-point Z(max) at APOC2 locus was 1.909.
CONCLUSION: The LOD score was relatively high but provided no evidence of linkage for CL/P to BCL3 and nearby genes in Japanese subjects.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

症例は14歳女子で,12歳時に顎矯正手術適応と診断され,成長のスパートまで経過観察となった.14歳時,術前矯正治療開始時期と判断され来院,画像所見では上下顎とも正中に対し左側偏位を認め,偏位量はオトガイ部12mm,下顎前歯正中9mm,上顎前歯正中4.5mmで,骨格性下顎前突を呈していた.下顎非対称による下顎前突症と臨床診断し,術前矯正治療後に下顎枝垂直骨切り術を施行,オトガイの左側偏位と下顎の前突,咬合関係は改善した.術後5年8ヵ月を経過し,成長に伴い下顎の左側偏位と左側臼歯部の交叉咬合が著明となり再診した.画像所見で前回同様に上下顎とも正中に対し左側偏位を認め,偏位量はオトガイ部14mm,下顎前歯正中9mm,上顎前歯正中4.5mmで,晩期成長による下顎非対称再発の臨床診断にて,術前矯正治療後に下顎枝矢状分割術+Miniplateによる骨接合術を施行した.その結果,オトガイ部は顔面正中に位置し上下顎前歯正中も一致し,術後2年の現在も咬合関係は安定している

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.50.422

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2005001947

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

症例1は5歳で,閉口不能を主訴とした.石につまずき前のめりに転倒し,オトガイ部を路面に強打した.正貌にてオトガイ正中に裂創を認め,左側頬部に顎角部にびまん性に腫脹していた.左側顎関節突起は完全骨折し,下内方へ転位していた.経口摂食困難であったため経鼻栄養チューブを挿入し,囲繞結紮術を施行した.術後8ヵ時での顎運動障害,顎関節部の疼痛や雑音は認めていない.症例2は2歳男で,オトガイ部を路面に強打した.下顎頭が両側ともに内方へ大きく脱臼し,右側関節突起では内側皮質骨の連続が認められたが左側は完全骨折であった.囲繞結紮術を施行し,術後1年で右側はほぼ正常下顎頭と同様の形態を示し,左側では内方と外方へ突起を伸ばした双頭下顎頭の形態を呈した

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.50.231

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2004212173

Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE  

Purpose: To investigate the effects of the two-stage palatoplasty combined with the Hotz&apos; plate on craniofacial development in patients with bilateral complete clefts. Material and methods: Lateral and frontal cephalograms of two-stage palatoplasty/Hotz&apos; plate group (n=10), one-stage palatoplasty group (n=11), and a non-cleft group (n=11), were evaluated at 6, 8, 10 and 12 years of age. The unpaired Student&apos;s t-test and Scheffe&apos;s F test (p&lt;0.05) were applied. Results: At 6 years the posterior upper facial height (PUFH) and PUFH/PFH ratio were greater in the two-stage group. At 10 years the PUFH, maxillary depth, convexity and ANB angle were greater in the same group. At 12 years, maxillary depth and ANB angle were also greater in this group. In the one-stage group, the L1/Mp. angle, PUFH and PUFH/PFH ratio were smaller when compared with the non-cleft group, whereas the palatal plane/SN angle was greater. In both cleft groups, the I.I. angle and tongue-PTM&apos; distance were greater, and the U1/SN angle was smaller when compared with non-clefts. The UC-UC&apos; and the ratios UC/MAX and UC/LC of both cleft groups were also smaller when compared with non-clefts. The ratio UM/MAX of the one-stage group was smaller when compared with the non-cleft group. Conclusion: The two-stage palatoplasty in combination with application of the Hotz&apos; plate had good effects on the maxillary growth up to the age of 12 years. (C) 2003 European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.

DOI： 10.1016/S1010-5182(03)00023-4

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

顎口腔領域扁平上皮癌患者62例にGIFを行った.一般集団に比べて高頻度に異常所見が認められた.癌が6例(9.7%),前癌病変である食道異型上皮,Barret上皮が各3例(各4.8%),萎縮性胃炎が26例(41.9%),腸上皮化生が9例(14.5%),活動期の潰瘍性病変が4例(6.5%)に認められた.喫煙,飲酒の両方を常用する群は,いずれか一方或いはどちらも常用しない群に比べて食道病変有病率が有意に高かった

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.49.329

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

We describe the treatment of an ankylosed infraverted tooth by distraction osteogenesis after Epker&#039;s single-tooth dento-osseous osteotomy. There appear to be a number of advantages to this procedure, despite the high surgical invasiveness. This procedure is designed to correct malposition of ankylosed teeth and is more reliable than replantation or subluxation with orthodontic treatment, reported previously to be effective. Furthermore, malpositioned teeth can be transferred irrespective of distance and direction to their correct position. This procedure has a low risk of pulp devitalization and gingival recession. Distraction osteogenesis after single-tooth dento-osseous osteotomy may be a new useful method for treatment of tooth ankylosis.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.49.295

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本歯科医学教育学会  

標記OSCEの概要を示し,試験成績とアンケート調査(受験者・評価者対象)の結果を報告した.OSCEは形成的評価に有効であった.低得点の試験課題の存在は,出題レベルの均一化の困難性を示すものであったが,これにより指導上の問題点も明らかになった.computer-based testingとの間に相関は認められなかった.評価者間の採点結果に有意差が認められたのは1ステーションのみで,試験の客観性は高いと考えられた.本試験法の継続的な実施には,熟練教官の養成を念頭に置いたOSCEの試行が不可欠と思われた.又,カリキュラムの中でのOSCEの位置づけをより明確なものとすることの必要性が示唆された

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Stomatological Society  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of maxillary growth of patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) treated by twostage palatal repair combined with a Hotz's plate.<BR>The subjects were 26 BCLP patients from 5 to 12 years of age who had received two-stage palatal repair combined with a Hotz's plate (TSPR). Serial maxillary casts were used to analyze and compare with those of 34 BCLP treated by one-stage palatal repair (OSPR), and 24 normal children without any clefts (NC).<BR>The results were as follows:<BR>1. The length and width of the maxillary arch in the TSPR group were the same as for the NC group in patients from 5 to 6 years of age (before hard palate closure).<BR>2. From 7 to 12 years of age (after hard palate closure), the length of the maxillary arch grew gradually in the TSPR group, just like in the NC group. The maxillary width tended to be slightly smaller in the TSPR group than in the NC group. On the other hand, the incidence of cross bite in lateral dentition was lower in the TSPR group than in the OSPR group.<BR>It was concluded that two-stage palatal repair combined with a Hotz's plate was effective for maxillary growth in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.52.6

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DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.27.3_306

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DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.27.3_297

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

The purpose of this study was to observe maxillofacial morphology of a pair of monozygotic twins with cleft lip and palate (Child 1) and cleft lip (Child 2) longitudinally, and to evaluate the effects of two-stage palatoplasty on maxillofacial development. The findings were as follows: 1. Compared with Child 2, th e position of the maxilla in Child 1 was already located posteriorly before the hard palate closure. Moreover, the posterior portion of the maxilla was located upward.2. Ther e was no difference in length of the hard palate between Child 1 and 2 before the hard palate closure. A little inhibition of maxillary growth was recognized in Child 1 operated on the hard palate closure.3. Clockwise ro tation of the mandible was observed in Child 1.4. The antero-posterior relationship between the maxilla and m andible was almost good in both Child 1 and 2. These findings s uggest that two-stage palatoplasty delaying hard palate closure does not severely inhibit growth of the alveolar portion of the maxilla, resulting in the achieving of a normal dental arch. In two-stage palatoplasty, this may cause a good inter-maxillary relationship owing to the help of morphological adaptation of the mandible, even if the position of the maxilla is posteriorly located.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.27.3_339

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

安静時の側方頭部X線規格写真をもとに口蓋裂症例の術前後の鼻咽腔形態の変化について,非口蓋裂症例を対照群として比較検討した.上顎の前方移動術により,口蓋裂群,対照群ともに咽頭の深さが増加した一方で,軟口蓋長の伸展,軟口蓋傾斜角の増加がみられ,軟口蓋-咽頭後壁間最短距離の変化は殆ど認められなかった.両群比較では口蓋裂群で軟口蓋長の伸長,咽頭の深さの増大が少なかった.瘢痕の強い症例では,前方移動量が5mm程度の場合,咽頭部の軟組織の変化が6割程度となることが示された

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.48.501

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2003117994

Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

Hotz床併用二段階口蓋形成術を施行した唇顎口蓋裂73例86顎裂(男児46例・女児27例,平均10.2歳;二段階群)と他院にて2歳以前に一期的に口蓋形成術が行われ,二次的顎裂部骨移植術を施行した唇顎口蓋裂20例22顎裂(男児12例・女児8例,平均11.9歳;一段階群)における術後早期成績について検討した.その結果,骨架橋形成は片側性唇口蓋裂では96.6%,両側性では全例に認められ,垂直的骨架橋が上顎中切歯および側切歯で平均歯根長が11mm以上のものが二段階群では片側性で84.7%,両側性で66.7%,一段階群では片側性62.6%,両側性33.3%で,片側性が有意に高かった.又,歯槽頂の高さは上顎中切歯歯根の3/4以上あるものが二段階群片側性88.1%,両側性77.8%,一段階群片側性56.3%,両側性なしと二段階群で有意に高かった.以上により二段階群は上顎切歯の歯軸の改善や側切歯・犬歯の萠出誘導に有利であると考えられた

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2003032115

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.51.15

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

入院患者の動向と今後の改善点を把握することを目的に,10年間の入院患者について,臨床統計学的に検討した.その結果,入院患者総数は,3481人で,男女比は1:1であり,疾患別では,唇顎口蓋裂を中心とした奇形が1216人と最も多く,30歳未満が過半数であった.居住地別では,市内・佐渡を除く下越地方の患者が6割以上を占めていた.今後の展望として,入院施設を有効に利用するには,集学的な治療を活かすことを考慮し対象疾患を選択し,専門的な治療体制作りが必要である.治療体制整備の一環として,新潟県各地に入院施設を持つ病院歯科・口腔外科が新設されつつある中,広い範囲で各病院歯科との役割分担の確立も重要である

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

Facial morphology and occlusion at the stage of early mixed dentition in cleft palate patients treated with Furlow palatoplasty were examined and compared with patients treated with the pushback procedure. The subjects selected for this study were 15 patients with a cleft of the soft palate, who were divided into two different groups: The Furlow group consisted of 3 male and 5 female patients, whose cleft palates were repaired with Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty, at an average age of 1 year and 8 months, and the pushback group consisted of 2 male and 5 female patients, whose cleft palates were closed with the pushback procedure, at an average age of 1 year and 7 months.&lt;BR&gt;Cephalometric radiographs (mean age,8 years for the Furlow group, and 7 years and 11 months for the pushback group) and dental study casts (mean age,7 years and 10 months for the Furlow group, and 8 years for the pushback group) were analyzed. Six angles and 4 distances were measured in the cephalograms, and 9 measurements of dental arch width and 2 measurements of dental arch length, were obtained. The results indicated that midfacial growth was significantly better (angle ANB, angle NAPog, distance A&#039; -Ptm&#039; ) and upper dental arches were significantly larger (inter deciduous canine distance, inter first and second deciduous molar distances, dental arch length) in the Furlow group, compared with the pushback group. No subject in the Furlow group had crossbite, while in the pushback group,6 of 7 subjects had anterior and/or posterior crossbite. As Furlow palatoplasty avoids the need for a lengthening procedure that uses mucoperiosteal flaps from the hard palate, it could allow adequate maxillary growth.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.26.1_23

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

This study evaluated bone bridge formation after bone grafting using X-ray computed tomography, in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Subjects were 14 patients (5 females and 9 males), and all patients received two-stage palatoplasty combined with a Hotz plate, followed by bone grafting using autogenous particulate cancellous bone and marrow harvested from the iliac crest. X-ray computed tomography was performed before and after bone grafting (mean,3.6 months after), and an axial image was used. Then, both the shapes of cleft defects before bone grafting, and bone bridge formation after bone grafting, were classified into three types on basal and alveolar bone side level.&lt;BR&gt;Results were as follows:&lt;BR&gt;1) The cleft defect shape was classified into 5 types.1; on the basal and alveolar bone side, the anterior bone defect was larger than posterior (6 cases).2; on the basal bone side, the anterior was larger than the posterior but on the alveolar side, the anterior and posterior were the same (3 cases).3; on the basal bone side, the anterior and posterior were the same, but on the alveolar side, the anterior was larger than the posterior (2 cases).4; on the basal bone side, the anterior was larger than the posterior, but on alveolar side, the posterior was larger than the anterior (2 cases).5; on the basal and alveolar bone side, the anterior and posterior were the same (1 case).&lt;BR&gt;2) Except for two cases, satisfactory bone bridge formation was found.&lt;BR&gt;3) The mean age of bone grafting was 10 years and 3 months (range,7 to 15 years).&lt;BR&gt;4) Before bone grafting, the cleft side canine had, in 4 cases, already erupted, while in the other 10 cases it had not. Root formation of the cleft side canine ranged between 1/3 to complete.&lt;BR&gt;5) Two cases showed poor bone bridge formation on the basal bone side, and they were characterized by anterior bone defects that were larger than the posterior on the basal bone side, and widths of the basal bone defects that were larger than 20mm.&lt;BR&gt;In conclusion,&lt;BR&gt;1) Satisfactory bone bridge formation was gained at a high rate with two-stage palatoplasty combined with a Hotz plate.&lt;BR&gt;2) The width of a bone defect has strong influence on bone bridge formation.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.26.1_114

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

It was well known that such anomalies as the number, form, and misdirection of eruption of the teeth adjacent to the alveolar cleft sometimes occur. It became common to adopt secondary alveolar bone grafting as a continuous treatment of cleft lip and palate. It was possible to recover the form and function by teeth movement to the bone grafted site, if such anomalies were little. It was difficult to reconstruct the alveolar cleft, if great anomalies, such as missing teeth, existed. It was considered that almost all severe cases were treated by prosthodontic treatment, previously. Damage to adjacent teeth has been unavoidable, in many cases. On the other hand, autotransplantation and dental implants have been developed in treatment of missing teeth. We have applied autotransplantation (5 cases), autotransplantation of cryopreserved teeth (2 cases), and dental implants (2 cases) to bone-grafted sites in patients with cleft lip and palate.&lt;BR&gt;All cases underwent secondary alveolar bone grafting from the iliac crest. The vertical width of grafted bone ranged from 8 to 16mm. All teeth in transplant or implant sites were upper lateral incisors that were congenitally missing or extracted by dwarf. The duration from bone grafting to plantation ranged from 4 to 50 months. Although some part of root absorption was observed in both cases of autotransplantation of cryopreserved teeth, all cases were successfully treated with final prosthodontic treatment.&lt;BR&gt;It was considered that autotransplantation and dental implants were very useful for the treatment of patients with alveolar cleft, and it was also considered that transplantation of cryopreserved teeth must be developed through clinical andbasic investigations.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.26.1_44

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：甲北信越矯正歯科学会  

9歳11ヵ月女児.生後1ヵ月時に正中唇裂,上唇小帯強直,口蓋部腫瘍の疑い,正中菱形舌炎の疑いがあった.1歳6ヵ月時に口唇形成術,上唇小帯伸展術,口蓋腫瘍摘出術,舌腫瘤biopsyを施行した.4歳6ヵ月時に矯正科での管理を開始した.8歳10ヵ月時に鼻中隔の形成不良,切歯管前方の上顎歯槽骨の離開,前鼻棘の劣形成などを認め,又,トルコ鞍の開大とその底部に骨欠損像,ならびに蝶形骨洞には脳瘤の存在が示唆された.脳神経外科での診査にてトルコ鞍底部が欠損しており,脳下垂体,視神経交叉,第III脳室が蝶形骨洞内に落ち込んでいる所見が得られた.脳脊髄液がトルコ鞍底部の骨欠損部より漏れている可能性が考えられた為,9歳6ヵ月時に脳神経外科にて蝶形骨の欠損部を腸骨の骨片と脂肪にて補填する手術を施行し現在経過は良好である

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

65歳男,口峡咽頭部の痛みを主訴に当科を受診.MRIでは同部に腫瘍陰影,片側の外側咽頭後リンパ節(RLN)及び両側上内深頸リンパ節(SIJLN)に転移を認めた.病理組織学的に高分化型扁平上皮癌と診断され,UICC分類ではStage 4放射線療法と化学療法を併用し,2450MHzのマイクロ波空間放射型加温装置を用いた温熱療法を施行することとした.両側のSIJLNにおける腫瘍内温度は43℃以上約40分間維持された.温熱療法は8回(週2回)施行し,60Co照射後,CDDPと5FUの動注療法を併用した.治療後,腫瘍は著明に縮小し,MRIでは6ヵ月後に消失した.肺炎で死亡する迄の1年10ヵ月間,口峡咽頭や所属リンパ節に再発は認めなかった

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

口唇・口蓋裂患者のうち,染色体検査で核型異常が認められた12例を対象に,核型異常と病態との関係,病態に基づく治療法について検討を行い,口唇・口蓋裂と染色体異常の遺伝学的関連性について考察を行った.一次症例は10例,二次症例は2例であった.裂型は両側性唇顎口蓋裂4例,口蓋裂8例であった.染色体異常は全ての常染色体のみで,性染色体の異常は認めなかった.内臓奇形の合併8例,外表奇形,精神発達遅滞は全例に認められた.一次症例のうち8例にHotz床の装着を行い,6例に哺乳障害の改善を認めた.唇顎口蓋裂の1症例に口唇形成術を,口蓋裂の5症例に口蓋形成術を行った

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.46.519

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2001055931

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)癌と化学療法社  

80歳以上の高齢口腔癌患者に対しUFTを1日200mgに減量して二分割投与した.1)血清中濃度は投与後1〜2時間でピークとなり,8時間後でも比較的高濃度が維持されていた.2)腫瘍組織内濃度は5検体中3検体で有効濃度の目安を超えていた.投与開始後の日数が増加するに従い,腫瘍組織内濃度も増加する傾向が認められた.3)副作用は造血器に軽度のものが認められたのみで肝機能,消化器系には出現しなかった

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

Hotz床併用二段階口蓋形成手術法で治療した片側性唇顎口蓋裂児の歯齢III Cにおける永久歯列模型を分析し,一段階法施行例及び健常児と比べた結果,本治療法は顎発育抑制を軽減し,咬合の異常を避けうることが明らかになった

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.25.1_36

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japanese Stomatological Society  

To clarify the mechanisms of the developmental anomaly of the tooth adjacent to the alveolar cleft, the maxillary incisor close to the cleft, the form of the alveolar cleft and the maxillofacial malformation combined with the cleft in CL/ Fr strain mouse with spontaneous cleft lip and/or alveolus (CL / A) were observed.<BR>Among 2340 offspring, a total of 515 mice (22.0%) with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) were observed. In this study, 11 mice with CL/P survived till weaning (3 weeks). The cleft patterns of survived mice were CL/A.<BR>In the dry skull observation, the alveolar clefts existed outside of the piriform apertura to the anterior part of the anterior palatine foramen. There were various types of cleft such as the wedge-shaped bone defect outside of the piriform apertura, the narrow cleft like bone suture, and the cleft separating the premaxilla into two parts.<BR>The side shift of the maxilla and/or premaxilla were observed in all cases. They tended to bend to the non-cleft side (6 out of 7 cases). Incisor anomalies on the cleft side were also observed, for example, tooth width reduction, rough enamel surface, and/or root shortening.<BR>As a result, the degree of tooth anomaly depended on the type of alveolar cleft.<BR>In conclusion, it was suggested that the developmental anomaly of maxillary incisor in CL/P mice was related to the cause of the cleft.

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.48.454

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPANESE SOCIETY OF PEDIATRIC ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY  

A case of regional odontodysplasia with osteomyelitis in the left mandilble was reported.<BR>A 3-year-old boy was referred to our clinic complaining of spontaneous pain of the left mandibular molar region.<BR>At first visit, severe swelling and redness were observed at the left buccal and submandibular region extraorally and from the lower left primary canine to retromolar region intraorally.<BR>The lower left primary second molar had not erupted completely. The enamel surface of this tooth was rough.<BR>The radiograph of the left mandible showed ghost-like appearances of the lower left primary canine and second molar. A radiolucent area was observed at the apical region of the lower left primary second molar. The germs of the lower left permanent canine and first molar were hypop-lastic and the germs of the lower left first and second premolar were not formed.<BR>The lower left primary second molar was extracted, after the inflammatory symptoms disappeared.<BR>Histological examination of the lower left primary first molar revealed that the enamel and dentin were thin, hypoplastic and hypocalcified. The dystrophic calcification was observed along the enamel surface.

DOI： 10.11265/poms1991.8.2_8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

1)対象期間中における新来患者総数は,開設後10年に比べ大きな変化は認められなかった. 2)居住地別患者数をみると県外からの患者の割合が4.0%と増加していた. 3)紹介機関別頻度では,医学部附属病院を含む他の医療機関からの紹介患者の割合が前回調査を上回る40%台を維持した. 4)疾患別年平均患者数では顎関節疾患が121例(開設後10年:42例),顎変形症が38例(同:6例)と著明に増加しており,腫瘍も34例(同:24例)と増加を認めた.裂奇形は,49例と患者数に大きな変化はないものの,このうちで一次症例の占める割合は65%(同:37%)と高くなっていた

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

口唇裂又は口唇口蓋裂児の母親75名(口唇裂群),口蓋裂児の母親32名(口蓋裂群),及び,対照として1993年に出生した健常児の母親201名(以下,健常群)に作成した質問票を用いて,聞き取り方式で行い,それぞれの調査項目において各群を比較し検討した.その結果,口唇裂群では妊娠初期の感冒罹患の有無で健常群との間で有意差が認められ,口唇裂口蓋裂発生との関連が示唆された

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/1999141771

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

1996年12月以前に生まれ,初回手術を当病院にて行った登録患者433名を対象とし,生年月,裂型,性別,現住所,各科における受診状況を集計した.対象患者は女207名,男226名であった.裂型は唇裂が26名,唇顎裂が70名,唇顎口蓋裂が199名,口蓋裂が138名であった.県内外から広く受診しており,特に県内で発生した口唇裂口蓋裂を有する人の殆どが受診していた.各科が管理している対象患者数は,各々口腔外科371名,言語治療室166名,予防歯科127名,小児歯科163名,矯正科174名,保存科2名,補綴科1名であった

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.23.4_342

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

The intraoperative and postoperative results of hard palate closure were investigated in the case of two-stage palatoplasty in our clinic. Comparative analyses have been made between the results of the cases operated only by using vomer flap (vomer flap group, n=76)and those of the cases operated by using vomer and palatal flaps (vomer+palatal flap group, n=16).&lt;BR&gt;The results were as follows:&lt;BR&gt;1. The blood loss of the vomer flap group (mean: 42.4 g) is significantly less than that of the vomer+palatal flap group (mean: 103.6 g).&lt;BR&gt;2. Only 10 cases (10.9 %) had postoperative fistula. The ratio of fistula formation was not significantly different between the two groups. There was no case with large fistula that causes critical dysfunction such as speech difficulties.&lt;BR&gt;3. Raw surface made by operation have been covered by TERUDERMIS(Artificial dermis made of atelocollagen). There was no case with severe operation scar.&lt;BR&gt;4. It was considered that the usefulness of two-stage palatoplasty can be enhanced by the operation using vomer flap alone, which causes less surgical damage.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.23.2_68

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

顎関節からの感覚信号は下顎位置感覚には寄与せず,閉口筋内の筋紡錘からの筋感覚信号が大きく関与していることが示唆された

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.47.199

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

An 18 year-old female visited our clinic with aesthetic complaints due to cleft lip and palate on the right side complicated with partial anodontia. Clinical and cephalometric examinations revealed severe orofacial deformities such as undergrowth of the maxilla and overclosure of the mandible. The purpose of the treatment was aesthetic improvement, however, it was determined that orthognathic surgery alone could not provide a satisfactory prognosis.&lt;BR&gt;In order to determine the optimal mandibular position, occlusal plane, and aesthetics prior to orthognathic surgery, a diagnostic upper denture was made. The newly-established intermaxillary relationships were evaluated clinically, cephalometrically, and electromyographically.. Aesthetic improvement was obtained by the team approach and the goal of orthognathic surgery became more predictable by the prosthetic approach.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.23.1_1

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

Cleft lip and/or palate is a malformation of relatively high incidence in Japan. Many studies have reported its incidence, however, there were little of recent surveys based on a large size of population. Since it is expected to have some changes of social environmental factors such as maternal aging, present study is aimed to investigate current rate of incidence using a questionnaire at the maternity hospitals in Niigata Prefecture from November,1994 to October,1995.&lt;BR&gt;A total of 20566 new born infants were examined, and 36 had cleft lip and /or palate (0.175 %). Among those 36 infants with cleft lip and/or palate,13 had cleft lip,15 had cleft lip and palate, and 8 had cleft palate. Of the 13 infants with cleft lip,11 were unilateral and 2 were bilateral type of cleft. Of the 15 infants with cleft lip and palate,11 were unilateral and 4 were bilateral.&lt;BR&gt;As for the sex,6 males and 7 females were in infants with cleft lip,10 males an d 5 females in infants with cleft lip and palate, and 1 male and 7 females in infants with cleft palate only.&lt;BR&gt;Association of malformations were recognized in 9 out of the 36 infants (25.0 %) includi ng syndromes of Pierre-Robin, Opitz, Down,18 trisomy, and defects of the brain, skull, heart, limbs, and auricle.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.22.3_138

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

We report a rare case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a minor salivary gland in the lower lip. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a salivary gland neoplasm that is characterized by varying combinations of mucous, epidermoid, and intermediate cells. As for the minor salivary glands, the palate is the most common site for the development of this tumor. A 60-year-old woman presented at our clinic on February 8, 1994 because of a mass in the lower lip. There was a well-circumscribed swelling, measuring 18mm in diameter, in the lower lip. It was elastic soft and movable on palpation. Histopathological diagnosis of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma was made on examination of a biopsy specimen. With the patient under general anesthesia, the tumor was excised with a 5-mm safety margin on March 3, 1994. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen showed a well-differentiated mucoepidermoid carcinoma. After surgery, the patient had a fairly good prognosis with no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.43.355

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

In patients who undergo two-stage palatoplasty of cleft lip and palate, the residual hard palate cleft gradually narrows after velar closure. Depending on the type, the cleft borders may come close together or remain slightly apart. In this study, the residual hard palate cleft after veloplasty, performed according to the modified Widmaier technique described by Perko, was examined for changes by using serial maxillary casts obtained from 53 patients one year and six months to six years of age. The results were as follows:&lt;BR&gt;1. The residual cleft spontaneously narrowed until four years of age and showed no statistically significant changes there after.&lt;BR&gt;2. The anterior cleft width was reduced to 15% and 55% of that at the velar closure in unilateral and bilateral cleft alveolus and palate, respectively. On the other hand, the posterior cleft width was reduced to 50% in both cleft types.&lt;BR&gt;3. In two patients with unil ateral cleft alveolus and palate, the cleft borders came into contact and apparently disappeared.&lt;BR&gt;4. As the maxillary alveolar width was not reduced, the narrowing of the hard palate cleft was thought to be due to growth of the palatal shelves in the medial direction.&lt;BR&gt;5. A difference in attachment of the nasal septum to the maxil lary segments had no influence on the narrowing of the hard palate cleft.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.21.3_126

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

Cleft palate repair using Furlow double opposing Z-plasty was performed in 31 patients between 1990 and 1994. To determine the advantages and disadvantages of this technique, Furlow palatoplasty was compared with the pushback procedure. Twenty-seven patients undergoing palatal closure with the pushback technique, performed by the same surgeon during the same period, served as controls. Nineteen of the 31 patients in the Furlow group had cleft palate, nine had submucosal cleft palate, and three had cleft lip and palate. Mean age at Furlow palatoplasty was 2.4 years. In the pushback group, 17 of the 27 patients had cleft palate, three had submucosal cleft palate, and seven had cleft lip and palate. Mean age at pushback palatoplasty was 2.1 years. Operating time and blood loss in the Furlow group were 83.9&amp;plusmn;14.9 minutes and 28.3&amp;plusmn;28.8ml, respectively, while the corresponding values in the pushback group were 66.3&amp;plusmn;17.2 minutes and 39.9&amp;plusmn;38.5ml. Although operating time in the Furlow group was longer than in the pushback group, blood loss was significantly less. Intraoperative results were favorable, with acceptable operating time and blood loss. No postoperative complications occurred in the Furlow group, and adequate oral intake was achieved immediately after palatoplasty. The maximum body temperature and duration of postoperative fever in the Furlow group were 37.8&amp;plusmn;0.4&amp;deg;C and 37.0&amp;plusmn;21.0 hours, respectively, while the corresponding values in the pushback group were 38.3&amp;plusmn;0.5&amp;deg;C and 76.1&amp;plusmn;29.7 hours. The rise in body temperature in the Furlow group was significantly lower, and the postoperative course was satisfactory. Oronasal fistulas did not develop.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.41.214

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 日本口腔外科学会  

Cleft palate repair by Furlow double opposing Z-plasty was performed in 31 patients between 1990 and 1994. Speech results and effects on maxillary growth following Furlow palatoplasty were investigated and compared with the pushback procedure. Twentyseven patients undergoing pushback palatoplasty, performed by the same surgeon during the same period, served as controls.&lt;BR&gt;1. Twenty-two patients in the Furlow group and 15 patients in the pushback group were old enough to permit speech evaluation. Mean ages at palatoplasty in the Furlow group and the pushback group were 2.4 years and 2.1 years, respectively. There were no differences between the groups in the distribution of type of cleft or age at palatoplasty. Mean ages at speech evaluation in the Furlow group and the pushback group were 4.1 years and 4.5 years, respectively. Twenty of the 22 patients in the Furlow group had no evidence of velopharyngeal insufficiency, while one had mild and the other moderate to severe insufficiency. Twelve of the 15 patients in the pushback group had no evidence of velopharyngeal insufficiency, while one had mild and two had moderate to severe insufficiency. No significant difference was found between the two groups, and the early speech results were encouraging.&lt;BR&gt;2. Effects on maxillary growth following cleft palate repair were evaluated by the presence or absence of crossbite in 18 patients in the Furlow group and nine patients in the pushback group who had completed deciduous dental eruption. Mean ages at palatoplasty in the Furlow group and the pushback group were 2.6 years and 2.0 years, respectively. There were no differences between the groups in the distribution of type of cleft or age at palatoplasty. Mean ages at growth evaluation were 4.2 years in the two groups. Only five patients in the Furlow group had anterior crossbite. In the pushback group, on the other hand, three patients had anterior crossbite, one had posterior crossbite, and three had both anterior and posterior crossbite. The difference between the presence of crossbite in the two groups was statistically significant. Furlow palatoplasty allowed adequate maxillary growth.

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.41.220

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

過去18年5ヵ月間に当科を受診した舌痛症患者159例の病態像について臨床統計的に検討した。中年以降の女性が対象症例のほとんどを占めていた。性格的には心気傾向を示し,癌の恐怖を強く訴えるものが61例みられた。発症時期に一致して対象症例の1/4が歯科治療を受けていた。舌の痛みは歯や補綴物と接触し易い舌尖や舌側縁に生じる場合が多く,22例では微弱な発赤が観察された。以上のことから,舌痛症の痛みの一因として,歯や補綴物による慢性的な機械的刺激の関与が考えられた

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟大学  

Effects of electrical stimulation of periodontium and noxious, non-noxious mechanical stimulation of tooth on palatal blood flow were studied by using a laser Doppler flowmeter in anaesthetized rats. The findings obtained were as follows: 1. Electrical stimulation of periodontium produced an increase in the blood flow at thin vessels of palatal mucosa. Afferent groups which induced the flow increase response were Aδ and C fibers. 2. Mechanical stimulation of tooth produced an increase in the blood flow at thin vessels. Noxious stimulation induced a marked flow increase. Non-noxious stimulation also induced a less marked but constant increase in the blood flow. 3. At arteria palatine which spread thin vessel branches, electrical stimulation of periodontium and mechanical stimulation of tooth induced a decrease in the blood flow. 4. Both flow increase and decrease responses were inhibited following the resection of bilateral ganglion cervical superius or the intravenous injection of α – blocker.歯根膜の感覚受容器から口腔の循環系への反射について明らかにするために､浅く麻酔したラットを用い､歯根膜への電気刺激および侵害性､非侵害性の機械的刺激が口蓋の血流に及ぼす影響をレーザードプラー血流計を使用し観察した｡血流測定部位は横口蓋ヒダ粘膜(口蓋粘膜部)､および第一臼歯相当部口蓋動脈上(口蓋動脈部)とした｡ 得られた結果は以下の通りである｡ 1. 口蓋粘膜部では､歯根膜の電気刺激により血流増加反応が観察された｡この反応を起こす求心性線維は､AδおよびC線維群であった｡ 2. 電気刺激時と同様に､歯の機械的刺激により口蓋粘膜部では血流増加反応が引き起こされた｡血流増加は400g以下の非侵害刺激強度から観察され始め､侵害刺激により著明な反応が認められた｡ 3. 口蓋動脈部では､歯根膜の電気刺激ならびに歯への機械的刺激により血流減少反応が観察された｡ 4. 歯根膜刺激による口蓋の血流変化は､上頸神経節切除やアルファ遮断剤の静脈内投与により著明に抑制された。

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：CENTER ACADEMIC PUBL JAPAN  

Patterns of jaw reflexes induced by periodontal stimulation were examined in ten adults. Surface electromyograms (EMGs) from the masseter and anterior temporal muscles were recorded when pressure stimulation was applied to either an incisor or a molar. Reflex responses to periodontal pressure stimulation varied, depending on the background levels of jaw-clenching force that preceded stimulation (background clenching force, BCF). At low BCF, excitatory reflexes were elicited from the jaw-closing muscles and jaw-clenching force. However, the magnitude of excitatory reflexes varied with the location of the stimulated tooth along the dentition. While excitatory reflexes were induced equally in the masseter and temporal muscles during incisal stimulation, stronger excitatory reflexes were induced in the temporal muscle than in the masseter muscle during molar stimulation. At high BCF, inhibitory reflexes in the jaw-closing muscles and jaw-clenching force were elicited in eight subjects (group A) during periodontal stimulation. However, excitatory reflexes in the muscles and force were elicited in the remaining two subjects (group B). In the subjects of group A, stronger inhibitory reflexes were elicited in the temporal muscle than in the masseter muscle, and jaw-clenching force also decreased during both incisal and molar stimulation. In the subjects of group B, the magnitude of excitatory reflexes decreased with increases in BCF.

DOI： 10.2170/jjphysiol.43.87

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日口蓋誌  

In order to seek better management and treatment of cleft lip and palate with other congenital anomalies, specially serious ones, we retrospectively investigated clinical findings and our managements of primary cases with complicated anomalies who visited the second Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery, Niigata University Dental Hospital during a recent 6 year period from Jan.1985 to Feb.1991.&lt;BR&gt;The findings obtained were as follows:&lt;BR&gt;1. Fifty four of 208 cases of cleft lip and/or palate (26.0 %) had other congenital anomalies. The incidence of complicating anomalies was highest in patients with cleft palate (50.9 %), followed by patients with submucosal cleft palate (20.0 %), cleft lip, alveolus and palate (17.2 %), cleft lip and alvelous (11.8 %), and cleft lip (9.1 %). Fifty percent of 54 cases were associated with more than two kinds of other anomalies.&lt;BR&gt;2. The anomalies frequently associated were micrognathia (10.6 %), extremity deformity (7.2 %), and congenital heart disease (7.2 %).&lt;BR&gt;3. Pierre-Robin syndrome (19 cases), van der Woude syndrome (2 cases), cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome (1 case), Apert syndrome (1 case), asplenia syndrome (1 case), Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (1 case), Cornelia de Lange syndrome (1 case), Larsen syndrome (1 case), and clefting/ankyloblepharon syndrome (1 case) were found. Chromosomal aberration was confirmed in 4 cases.&lt;BR&gt;4. Most of the serious cases had multiple anomalies as patients with chromosomal aberration and syndrome, and were associated frequently with cranial deformity, eye deformity, micrognathia, extremity deformity, and congenital heart disease. Two of 4 cases with chromosomal abberation died in infancy. Mental development was delayed in all 9 cases with cranial deformity.&lt;BR&gt;5. Feeding difficulty and dyspnea of Pierre-Robin syndrome were improved by using Hotz type orthopaedic appliance (Hots plate).&lt;BR&gt;6. Plastic surgery of cleft lip and palate was done in 11 of 15 cases with congenital heart disease. There was no fatality case. It is thought to be important that surgery be done with an untraumatic method in close cooperation with pediatricians and anesthetists.&lt;BR&gt;7. In patients with mental retardation, palatoplasty was carried out usually irrespective of mental and speech developments. If the physical condition is not stable, palatal repair should be delayed according to mental development.

DOI： 10.11224/cleftpalate1976.17.4_340

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

6名のDown症児にCastillo-Morales口蓋床を用いて口腔機能障害の治療を行った.C-M床は生後可及的早期に装着することによりDown症候群の舌突出を矯正し,口腔周囲筋の活動を賦活させることができ,口腔機能の改善に有用であることが明らかになった.また,口腔機能の改善が顎顔面の成長によい影響を与えていることが示唆された.一方で,その形態には基礎的研究を踏まえて,さらに改良の余地があるものと思われた

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.41.197

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

歯および歯肉への非疼痛性および疼痛性の機械的刺激が歯肉血流に及ぼす影響を,レーザードプラー血流計を使用し10名の健康な被験者で観察した.咀嚼などの口腔機能時に歯や歯肉に加わる日常的な機械的刺激により,歯肉の血流は増加した

DOI： 10.11277/stomatology1952.39.389

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：医歯薬出版(株)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本口腔科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟医学会  

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2005108489

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本歯科医師会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本小児口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本形成外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本口蓋裂学会  

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Language：English  

This study investigates the effects of the two stage palatoplasty combined with Hotz' plate on sagittal midfacial development in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) individuals, using an optical surface scanner. The sample included 48 UCLP patients (age : 10-19) treated by two different surgical techniques : one-stage palatoplasty and two-stage palatoplasty and 24 age- and gender-matched non-cleft subjects with skeletal Class I. Facial depth was determined by evaluating the z-coordinate values of 15 corresponding facial measurement points on both sides for each cleft group and the control group. Mid-facial depth asymmetry was obtained by calculating the difference between both sides in z-coordinate values of these 15 corresponding facial measurement points between both sides for cleft groups and left and right sides for the control group and then evaluated by paired t-test. The differences among the three groups were statistically compared by ANOVA's Fisher ratio, at a significance level of p<0.05. Mid-facial depth assessment revealed significant differences (p<0.05) between the three groups, in almost all the measurement points values calculated. No significant difference was found in the case of sagittal mid-facial asymmetry, except on the level of exocanthion plane in the one-stage palatoplasty group. The study clearly demonstrates that two-stage palatoplasty combined with Hotz' plate has a beneficial effect on mid-facial development and facial balance in UCLP patients.

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Other Link： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=198636

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟歯学会  

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10191/19198

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本口腔外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：新潟医学会  

DOI： 10.5794/jjoms.49.329

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