Updated on 2024/03/29

写真a

 
SUGIMOTO Kenkichi
 
Organization
Academic Assembly Institute of Science and Technology CHIKYU SEIBUTSU KAGAKU KEIRETU Associate Professor
Graduate School of Science and Technology Life and Food Sciences Associate Professor
Faculty of Science Department of Science Associate Professor
Title
Associate Professor
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Degree

  • 博士(理学) ( 1994.9   新潟大学 )

Research Interests

  • Cell Biology

  • 細胞生物学

Research Areas

  • Life Science / Cell biology

Research History

  • Niigata University   Faculty of Science Department of Biology   Associate Professor

    2004.4

  • Niigata University   Graduate School of Science and Technology Life and Food Sciences   Associate Professor

    2004.4

  • Niigata University   Faculty of Science   Associate Professor (as old post name)

    1994.11 - 2004.3

  • Niigata University   Faculty of Science   Research Assistant

    1991.10 - 1994.10

Education

  • Niigata University   理学研究科   生物学

    - 1990

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    Country: Japan

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  • Niigata University   Graduate School, Division of Natural Science

    - 1990

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  • Niigata University   Faculty of Science

    - 1988

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  • Niigata University   Faculty of Science   Department of Biology

    - 1988

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    Country: Japan

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Professional Memberships

 

Papers

  • Amphibian thrombocyte‐derived extracellular vesicles, including microRNAs, induce angiogenesis‐related genes in endothelial cells Reviewed

    Kenkichi Sugimoto, Kayano Toume

    Genes to Cells   26 ( 10 )   757 - 771   2021.7

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    Authorship:Lead author, Corresponding author   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Wiley  

    DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12882

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    Other Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/gtc.12882

  • Analysing the evolutional and functional differentiation of four types of Daphnia magna cryptochrome in Drosophila circadian clock. Reviewed International journal

    Yohei Nitta, Sayaka Matsui, Yukine Kato, Yosuke Kaga, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Atsushi Sugie

    Scientific reports   9 ( 1 )   8857 - 8857   2019.6

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    Cryptochrome (CRY) plays an important role in the input of circadian clocks in various species, but gene copies in each species are evolutionarily divergent. Type I CRYs function as a photoreceptor molecule in the central clock, whereas type II CRYs directly regulate the transcriptional activity of clock proteins. Functions of other types of animal CRYs in the molecular clock remain unknown. The water flea Daphnia magna contains four Cry genes. However, it is still difficult to analyse these four genes. In this study, we took advantage of powerful genetic resources available from Drosophila to investigate evolutionary and functional differentiation of CRY proteins between the two species. We report differences in subcellular localisation of each D. magna CRY protein when expressed in the Drosophila clock neuron. Circadian rhythm behavioural experiments revealed that D. magna CRYs are not functionally conserved in the Drosophila molecular clock. These findings provide a new perspective on the evolutionary conservation of CRY, as functions of the four D. magna CRY proteins have diverse subcellular localisation levels. Furthermore, molecular clocks of D. magna have been evolutionarily differentiated from those of Drosophila. This study highlights the extensive functional diversity existing among species in their complement of Cry genes.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45410-w

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  • MicroRNA-342 inhibits tumor growth via targeting chemokine CXCL12 involved in macrophages recruitment/activation. Reviewed International journal

    Yijun Tian, Sayaka Matsui, Maki Touma, Qiong Wu, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms   23 ( 12 )   1009 - 1022   2018.12

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    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in initiation, development, progression and metastasis of tumors. MiR-342 has been reported as a tumor suppressor or an onco-miRNA based on functions or expression changes in various types of cancers. However, the biological roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-342 in tumorigenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we found that miR-342 was expressed significantly less in a murine MS-K tumor cell line that showed riched blood vessels. Over-expression of miR-342 in MS-K cells inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, reduced frequency of S phase population in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, increasing miR-342 impeded blood vessels formation and accumulation of macrophages (CD11b+ ) in tumors. By bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays, chemokine CXCL12 was identified as a direct target of miR-342. Restored Cxcl12 expression in MS-K-miR-342 cells could rescue cell proliferation in vitro. In MS-K-miR-342 tumor-infiltrated macrophages, expression of proangiogenic genes (Vegf-A and Thbs1) and M2-subtype macrophage markers (Cd163, Dectin1 and Ym1) was significantly down-regulated compared with controls. Moreover, lower level of Cxcl12 and its receptor Cxcr4 was observed in the macrophages of MS-K-miR-342 tumors, and MS-K-miR-342 derived miR-342, but not endogenous miR-342, might contribute to Cxcl12 suppression in TAM. These results suggest that miR-342 is involved in MS-K tumor growth as a tumor suppressor by targeting chemokine CXCL12.

    DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12650

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  • Aquaporin-1, a New Maternally Expressed Gene, Regulates Placental Development in the Mouse. Reviewed International journal

    Jing Guo, Hongjuan He, Hui Liu, Qi Liu, Lili Zhang, Boqi Liu, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Qiong Wu

    Biology of reproduction   95 ( 2 )   40 - 40   2016.8

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    Imprinted genes play an important role in placental and embryonic development. Abnormalities in their regulation can result in placental and embryonic dysplasia, leading to congenital diseases. The imprinting state, expression, and function of aquaporin-1 (Aqp1) were explored in knockout mice by imprinting analysis, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry. In the present study, Aqp1 was identified as a new, imprinted, and placenta-specific maternally expressed gene in the mouse. Compared with wild-type Aqp1(+/+) mice, there was significant placental and embryonic overgrowth in Aqp1(-/+) (loss of maternal allele) and Aqp1(-/-) mice, but not in Aqp1(+/-) (loss of paternal allele) mice at Embryonic Day (E) 12.5-E18.5. In addition, the masses of Postnatal Day 0 (P0) embryos (Aqp1(-/-) and Aqp1(-/+)) were highest among the four types. In Aqp1(-/+) and Aqp1(-/-) mice, phenotypic analysis indicated that the number and branching of blood vessels, as well as the labyrinth area, increased significantly in placentae of E12.5-E18.5 mice. Moreover, there were abnormalities in the placental junctional zone and the labyrinthine zone at E15.5. Quantitative analysis showed that Aqp1 expression decreased significantly in the placentae of Aqp1(-/+) and Aqp1(-/-) mice at E15.5, and that the AQP1 protein expression signals were detected weakly in the decidual and spongioblast layers. Our results demonstrate that Aqp1 is maternally expressed in the placenta, and that its deficiency resulted in placental abnormalities in the mouse. Aqp1 may have a specific inhibitory role in mouse placental development. These results provide new insights for the treatment of diseases relating to placental and embryonic development.

    DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.138636

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  • CCL11-induced eosinophils inhibit the formation of blood vessels and cause tumor necrosis. Reviewed International journal

    Yanjiang Xing, Yijun Tian, Takamasa Kurosawa, Sayaka Matsui, Maki Touma, Takanori Yanai, Qiong Wu, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms   21 ( 6 )   624 - 38   2016.6

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    We previously demonstrated that IL-18 and CCL11 were highly expressed in an NFSA tumor cell line that showed limited angiogenesis and severe necrosis. However, IL-18 was not responsible for the immune cell accumulation and necrosis. Here, we attempted to clarify the relevance of CCL11 in angiogenesis and tumor formation. We established CCL11-overexpressing MS-K cell clones (MS-K-CCL11) to assess the role of CCL11 in immune cell accumulation and angiogenesis. The MS-K-CCL11 cells did not form tumors in mice. MS-K-CCL11-conditioned medium (CM) and recombinant CCL11 induced macrophage and eosinophil differentiation from bone marrow cells. The MS-K-CCL11-CM effectively recruited the differentiated eosinophils. Furthermore, the eosinophils damaged the MS-K, NFSA and endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of an antagonist of CCR3, a CCL11 receptor, to NFSA tumor-bearing mice restored the blood vessel formation and blocked the eosinophil infiltration into the NFSA tumors. Furthermore, other CCL11-overexpressing LM8 clones were established, and their tumor formation ability was reduced compared to the parental LM8 cells, accompanied by increased eosinophil infiltration, blockade of angiogenesis and necrosis. These results indicate that CCL11 was responsible for the limited angiogenesis and necrosis by inducing and attracting eosinophils in the tumors.

    DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12371

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  • The atypical IκB protein IκB(NS) is important for Toll-like receptor-induced interleukin-10 production in B cells. Reviewed International journal

    Minami Miura, Naoki Hasegawa, Mitsuo Noguchi, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Maki Touma

    Immunology   147 ( 4 )   453 - 63   2016.4

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    Although a major function of B cells is to mediate humoral immunity by producing antigen-specific antibodies, a specific subset of B cells is important for immune suppression, which is mainly mediated by the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). However, the mechanism by which IL-10 is induced in B cells has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that IκBNS , an inducible nuclear IκB protein, is important for Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated IL-10 production in B cells. Studies using IκB(NS) knockout mice revealed that the number of IL-10-producing B cells is reduced in IκB(NS)(-/-) spleens and that the TLR-mediated induction of cytoplasmic IL-10-positive cells and IL-10 secretion in B cells are impaired in the absence of IκB(NS). The impairment of IL-10 production by a lack of IκB(NS) was not observed in TLR-triggered macrophages or T-cell-receptor-stimulated CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells. In addition, IκB(NS)-deficient B cells showed reduced expression of Prdm1 and Irf4 and failed to generate IL-10(+) CD138(+) plasmablasts. These results suggest that IκB(NS) is selectively required for IL-10 production in B cells responding to TLR signals, so defining an additional role for IκB(NS) in the control of the B-cell-mediated immune responses.

    DOI: 10.1111/imm.12578

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  • Inhibition of blood vessel formation in tumors by IL-18-polarized M1 macrophages. Reviewed International journal

    Yanjiang Xing, Yijun Tian, Takamasa Kurosawa, Sayaka Matsui, Maki Touma, Qiong Wu, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms   21 ( 3 )   287 - 95   2016.3

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    We previously showed that interleukin (IL)-18 produced by NFSA cells induced the M1 type of macrophages in NFSA tumors, caused the destruction of endothelial cells in vitro and may have resulted in the necrosis of NFSA tumors by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and cytotoxicity. However, the effect of IL-18 on blood vessel formation in vivo has not been elucidated. MS-K cells do not express il-18, and they form tumors with well-developed blood vessels. Here, we established IL-18-over-expressing MS-K cell clones (MS-K-IL-18) to address the roles of IL-18 in angiogenesis. The over-expression of IL-18 inhibited the proliferation rate of the MS-K-IL-18 cells in vitro and blood vessel formation in the MS-K-IL-18 tumors. Interestingly, CD14-positive cells from the MS-K-IL-18 tumor had up-regulated expression of the M1-type macrophage marker il-6 and down-regulated expression of interferon (ifn)-γ. Furthermore, FACS analysis showed more accumulation of CD11b+/CD80+ M1 macrophages in the MS-K-IL-18 tumors than in the parental MS-K tumor. Moreover, an in vitro coculture assay showed that MS-K-IL-18-conditioned medium (CM) stimulated macrophages to induce the apoptosis of endothelial cells. Cumulatively, our data showed that IL-18 inhibited tumor blood vessel formation in vivo.

    DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12329

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  • MiR-1188 at the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 domain acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatoma cells. Reviewed International journal

    Wei Cui, Zhijun Huang, Hongjuan He, Ning Gu, Geng Qin, Jie Lv, Tao Zheng, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Qiong Wu

    Molecular biology of the cell   26 ( 8 )   1416 - 27   2015.4

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    The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has frequently been reported in cancer studies; miRNAs play roles in development, progression, metastasis, and prognosis. Recent studies indicate that the miRNAs within the Dlk1-Dio3 genomic region are involved in the development of liver cancer, but the role of miR-1188 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the pathway by which it exerts its function remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that miR-1188 is significantly down-regulated in mouse hepatoma cells compared with normal liver tissues. Enhanced miR-1188 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibits the tumor growth of HCC cells in vivo. Moreover, overexpressed miR-1188 promotes apoptosis, enhances caspase-3 activity, and also up-regulates the expression of Bax and p53. MiR-1188 directly targets and negatively regulates Bcl-2 and Sp1. Silencing of Bcl-2 and Sp1 exactly copies the proapoptotic and anti-invasive effects of miR-1188, respectively. The expression of apoptosis- and invasion-related genes, such as Vegfa, Fgfr1, and Rprd1b, decreases after enhancement of miR-1188, as determined by gene expression profiling analysis. Taken together, our results highlight an important role for miR-1188 as a tumor suppressor in hepatoma cells and imply its potential role in cancer therapy.

    DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E14-11-1576

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  • Establishment of a sticky, large, oval-shaped thrombocyte cell line from tree frog as an ancestor of mammalian megakaryocytes. Reviewed International journal

    Kenkichi Sugimoto

    SpringerPlus   4   447 - 447   2015

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    Maintenance of blood vessels is important for homeostasis. Many types of cells and cytokines are involved in angiogenesis and blood vessel repair. In mammals, platelets, which are produced from megakaryocytes, play a major role in hemostasis. Other vertebrates have no platelets in their bloodstream. In these animals, thrombocytes aggregate to form a thrombus. Therefore, I established a frog hematopoietic cell line to elucidate the mechanism of hematopoiesis in this species. The frog-derived thrombocytic cell line was established from a long-term bone marrow culture of Hyla japonica and was designated as a frog-derived unique hematopoietic non-adherent (FUHEN) cell line. The FUHEN cells had unique characteristics in that they proliferated in suspension culture without adherence to the culture flask, and the shapes of the FUHEN cells changed drastically to become very large ovals with growth. These cells reached more than 40 µm in length and had multi-lobed nuclei. The FUHEN cells expressed CD41, a specific surface marker of thrombocytes. These results indicated that the FUHEN cells were thrombocytes. Deprivation of divalent ions quickly induced adherence of the cells to the petri dish. This characteristic may be important for hemostasis. Furthermore, some of the FUHEN cells survived at 16 °C for 1 month and re-established proliferation when the cells were moved to 28 °C. Taken together, this new thrombocytic frog cell line, as an ancestor of mammalian megakaryocytes, could provide useful material to study the functions of thrombocytes and the hemostasis mechanism of amphibians.

    DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1237-7

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  • Enhancement of phagocytosis and cytotoxicity in macrophages by tumor-derived IL-18 stimulation. Reviewed International journal

    Xu Henan, Naoka Toyota, Xing Yanjiang, Yuuki Fujita, Huang Zhijun, Maki Touma, Wu Qiong, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    BMB reports   47 ( 5 )   286 - 91   2014.5

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    Authorship:Last author, Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:KOREAN SOCIETY BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY  

    Inoculation of mice with the murine NFSA cell line caused the formation of large tumors with necrotic tumor cores. FACS analysis revealed accumulations of CD11b(+) cells in the tumors. Microarray analysis indicated that the NFSA cells expressed a high level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-18 (il-18), which is known to play a critical role in macrophages. However, little is known about the physiological function of IL-18-stimulated macrophages. Here, we provide direct evidence that IL-18 enhances the phagocytosis of RAW264 cells and peritoneal macrophages, accompanied by the increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α), interleukin-6 (il-6) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2). IL-18-stimulated RAW264 cells showed an enhanced cytotoxicity to endothelial F-2 cells via direct cell-to-cell interaction and the secretion of soluble mediators. Taken together, our results demonstrate that tumor-derived IL-18 plays an important role in the phagocytosis of macrophages and that IL-18-stimulated macrophages may damage tumor endothelial cells.

    DOI: 10.5483/BMBRep.2014.47.5.152

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  • Role of FGF10 on tumorigenesis by MS-K. Reviewed International journal

    Kenkichi Sugimoto, Suzuka Yoshida, Yuka Mashio, Naoka Toyota, Yanjiang Xing, Henan Xu, Yuki Fujita, Zhijun Huang, Maki Touma, Qiong Wu

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms   19 ( 2 )   112 - 25   2014.2

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    Murine MS-K and NFSA cell lines formed tumor after inoculation into mouse and both cell lines expressed high level of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (vegf-A) and produced same level of VEGF-A. However, poor blood vessel formation, and necrosis was significantly observed in NFSA-tumor, contrary to well-developed blood vessel formation in MS-K tumor. The microarray analysis showed high expression of fibroblast growth factor-10 (fgf-10) in MS-K than NFSA. In this report, the role of fgf-10 on tumor growth was studied. MS-K enhanced more proliferation of endothelial cells by direct co-culture than NFSA, and rFGF10 supported the proliferation of HUVEC in combination with VEGF-A. fgf-10-knocked down MS-K, MS-K (fgf-10-KD), proliferated slower in vitro and the tumorigenicity of them was also slower than control. The blood vessel formation in these MS-K (fgf-10-KD) clones was reduced compared with the MS-K (normal). qPCR analysis showed the suppression of vegf-A, vegf-C and fgfr-1-expression in the MS-K (fgf-10-KD) clones. Taken together, these results indicated that FGF10, which was produced from tumor cells, was essential for the proliferation of tumor cell itself and also supports proliferation of endothelial cells. Thus, FGF10 plays an important role for tumor growth by both paracrine and autocrine manner.

    DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12118

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  • Dynamic expression pattern of Pde4d and its relationship with CpG methylation in the promoter during mouse embryo development. Reviewed International journal

    Zhijun Huang, Zhengbin Han, Wei Cui, Fengwei Zhang, Hongjuan He, Tiebo Zeng, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Qiong Wu

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications   441 ( 4 )   982 - 7   2013.11

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    Mouse Pde4d is located on chromosome 13 and serves many functions in important physiological processes involving cyclic adenosine monophosphate. In this study, imprinting analysis indicated that Pde4d exhibits a dynamic and specific allelic expression pattern during embryo development. This showed paternal-origin sex bias in embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5) whole embryos and placenta, and biallelic expression in the major embryonic organs and placenta at E15.5. In situ hybridization determined the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Pde4d in mouse embryos from the mid- to late-embryonic stages. This demonstrated that Pde4d was widely expressed in the neural tissues, including the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, and neural tube, at the mid-embryonic stage. By the late-embryonic stage, Pde4d was extensively detected throughout the developing organism, including in the liver, brain, lung, kidney, and tongue. In addition, methylation analyses indicated that tissue-specific CpG methylation of the Pde4d promoter was correlated with Pde4d mRNA expression in major E15.5 tissues. Furthermore, stage-specific CpG methylation of the Pde4d promoter was associated with gene expression in the liver at three developmental stages. Our results suggest that Pde4d might serve specific biological functions in regulating the development process of the mouse embryo, and that CpG methylation of the Pde4d promoter may play an important role in regulating Pde4d at a transcriptional level.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.004

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  • Expression of macro non-coding RNAs Meg8 and Irm in mouse embryonic development. Reviewed International journal

    Tiantian Gu, Hongjuan He, Zhengbin Han, Tiebo Zeng, Zhijun Huang, Qi Liu, Ning Gu, Yan Chen, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Huijie Jiang, Qiong Wu

    Acta histochemica   114 ( 4 )   392 - 9   2012.7

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    Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) Meg8 and Irm were previously identified as alternatively splicing isoforms of Rian gene. Ascertaining ncRNAs spatiotemporal expression patterns is crucial for understanding the physiological roles of ncRNAs during tissue and organ development. In this study in mouse embryos, we focused on the developmental regulation expression of imprinted macro ncRNAs, Meg8 and Irm by using in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR). The in situ hybridization results showed that Meg8 and Irm were expressed in the developing brain at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) and E11.5, while Irm expression signals were strikingly detected in the somite, where Meg8 expression signals were undetectable. By E15.5, they were expressed in brain, tongue, liver, lung and neuroendocrine tissues, while Irm displayed more restricted expression in tongue and skeletal muscle than Meg8. Furthermore, quantitative analysis confirmed that they were highly expressed in tongue and brain at E12.5, E15.5 and E18.5. These results indicated that Meg8 and Irm might be coordinately expressed and functionally correlated in diverse of organs. Notably, Irm was more closely associated with morphogenesis of skeletal muscle in contrast to Meg8 during embryonic development.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.07.009

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  • Effect of vegf gene knockdown on growth of the murine sarcoma cell line MS-K. Reviewed International journal

    Xiu Y Zhong, Asami Yoshioka, Yuka Mashio, Toru Ikeda, Huijie Jiang, Maki Touma, Qiong Wu, ChangLiu Wang, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms   16 ( 6 )   625 - 38   2011.6

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    The murine sarcoma cell line MS-K was previously established as a Ki-ras-positive cell line. Inoculation of this cell line under the flank of C3H/HeN mice results in the growth of large tumors with well-developed blood vessels within day 30 of transplantation without any metastasis because MS-K cells produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). To elucidate the role of VEGF in tumor formation in vivo, stable vegf-knockdown-MS-K clones were obtained using plasmid-based knockdown vectors. Interestingly, tumorigenesis was completely suppressed in a vegf-A-knockdown-MS-K clone [designated MS-K (A-KD)]. Proliferation and colony formation capacity of the MS-K (A-KD) cells in a semi-solid medium under low serum conditions was significantly lower than that of control MS-K (SCR) cells; however, the expression of vegf-receptor 1 (vegf-r-1) was not changed. Addition of the recombinant VEGF-A(165) partially restored the colony formation capacity of MS-K (A-KD) cells and caused the phosphorylation of VEGF-r-1 (Flt-1) in MS-K (Normal) cells. Furthermore, tumorigenicity of the vegf-r-1-knockdown-MS-K clone [designated MS-K (R1-KD)] had obviously delayed or strongly suppressed compared with the MS-K (Normal). These results indicate that Vascular endothelial growth factor-A, produced from MS-K, acts as a growth factor for MS-K cells itself and supports tumor formation in vivo by inducing the blood vessel formation.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2011.01513.x

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  • Expression of non-coding RNA AB063319 derived from Rian gene during mouse development. Reviewed International journal

    Tiantian Gu, Hongjuan He, Yanjiang Xing, Qi Liu, Ning Gu, Sugimoto Kenkichi, Huijie Jiang, Qiong Wu

    Journal of molecular histology   42 ( 2 )   105 - 12   2011.4

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    The regulatory functions of many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) were widely recognized. However, there are very few publications on long intronic ncRNAs. The transcriptional hierarchy driving a large amount of long and short ncRNAs originated from the maternal chromosome is not clarified in the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted clusters of mouse distal chromosome 12. Here, we only focused on the previously identified long ncRNA AB063319 which derives from the large imprinted gene Rian and contains three retained introns of Rian, and tried to unsderstand this ncRNAs part of biological functions. We used in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) to characterize the spatiotemporal expression pattern of AB063319 during mouse development. The in situ hybridization results showed that AB063319 was prominently expressed in the brain at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) and E11.5, and abundantly expressed in brain, muscle, liver, lung and neuroendocrine tissues at E15.5. Furthermore, quantitative analyses results showed that AB063319 was gradually up-regulated from E9.5 to E18.5 and down-regulated at E19.5 during the mouse embryonic development, and AB063319 was highly expressed in tongue and brain at E12.5, E15.5 and E18.5. Alternatively, AB063319 expression was also predominantly detected in tongue and brain at mouse postnatal day 6 (P6) by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. These results indicated that AB063319, as a stable transcriptional ncRNA, might play the important roles in the morphogenesis of diverse organs and tissues, especially associated with brain and muscle development at mouse embryonic and postnatal stages.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10735-011-9312-z

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  • Cold stress and light signals induce the expression of cold-inducible RNA binding protein (cirp) in the brain and eye of the Japanese treefrog (Hyla japonica). Reviewed International journal

    Kenkichi Sugimoto, Huijie Jiang

    Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology   151 ( 4 )   628 - 36   2008.12

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    Hibernation is an important physiological animal behavior. However, the molecular mechanism by which hibernation is regulated remains unknown. The Japanese treefrog (Hyla japonica) usually hibernates in the winter. Since this treefrog is an ectothermic animal, its hibernation is thought to be linked to the environmental temperature. In murine cells, gene expression for the cold-inducible RNA binding protein (cirp) is induced simply by cold stress. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the treefrog would also have increased expression of cirp during the hibernation season. In this report, we describe the cloning of the treefrog cirp gene and a quantitative analysis of its expression with real-time PCR. Like its homologs, treefrog cirp was found to be expressed in response to a cold stress, and its transcript was detectable in the brain, eye and ovary. Furthermore, we found that light signals could also induce the expression of cirp, and the total amount of cirp expression in both the brain and eye was significantly higher in December than in July. These results suggest that the expression of cirp in this treefrog is physiologically induced by environmental factors, such as cold stress or light signals.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.07.027

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  • HB-1, an acute myeloid leukemic cell line with the capability of infiltrating into the brain in CBA/N mice. Reviewed International journal

    Hui-Jie Jiang, Hu-Shan Sun, Xu-Dong Wang, Chang-Liu Wang, Ze-Long Liu, Hiroyuki Gonda, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica]   58 ( 4 )   377 - 83   2006.8

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    An acute myeloid leukemic HB-1 cell line was cloned and established from the spleen cells of irradiated CBA/N mice. Acute myeloma leukemia-like syndrome would be induced in normal CBA/N mice after intravenous injection of HB-1 cells, and the death of mouse happened within about two weeks. In general, leukemic cells transplanted into the mice would infiltrate into the hematopoietic organs, lungs, kidneys and liver. An interesting observation in our study was that HB-1 cells were present not only in the lung, kidney, and liver but also in the cerebrum and cerebellum. It was beyond our expectation that the leukemic cells could go through the blood-brain barrier in most circumstances. On the basis of the observation, we expect that HB-1 cells could be used as a very useful model to elucidate the mechanism of infiltrating the blood-brain barrier for certain type of cells.

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  • Murine serum obtained from bone marrow-transplanted mice promotes the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells by co-culture with MS-5 murine stromal cells. Reviewed International journal

    Akemi Nakayama, Haruna Matsui, Teruaki Fukushima, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Kensuke Yamada, Takuji Amao, Masamichi Hosono, Kenkichi Sugimoto

    Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland)   24 ( 1 )   55 - 65   2006.3

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    To examine whether serum obtained from bone marrow-transplanted mice can selectively expand hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) among whole bone marrow cells in vitro, whole bone marrow cells were cultured with or without MS-5 murine stromal cells in the presence of serum obtained from transplanted mice on day 3 (day 3 serum) or serum from normal mice for 7 days. When whole bone marrow cells and MS-5 cells were co-cultured in day 3 serum for 7 days, the c-kit-positive, Sca-1-positive, lineage marker-negative cells (KSL cells) expanded approximately 25 times; however, when they were co-cultured in normal serum for 7 days, the KSL cells expanded approximately 1.3 times. Direct contact between the whole bone marrow cells and MS-5 cells was essential for expansion of KSL cells in the co-culture, and it upregulated the expression of some cytokines in MS-5. Above all, the day 3 serum specifically upregulated the expression of SCF, SDF-1 alpha, G-CSF, IL-11 and IL-6 in MS-5. The level of testosterone in the day 3 serum was higher than normal serum and the addition of the testosterone in the culture expanded the KSL cells among whole bone marrow cells on MS-5 cells and also upregulated the expression of SDF-1 alpha, IL-11 and IL-6 in MS-5. These data indicates that the serum of bone marrow-transplanted mice contains a factor(s) that induced changes in the expression levels of various cytokines in MS-5 stromal cells and enabled the MS-5 cells to expand the KSL cells among whole bone marrow cells.

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  • Cloning of hibernation-related genes of bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) by cDNA subtraction. Reviewed International journal

    Qiong Wu, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Keiko Moriyama, Yasuhiro Adachi, Akemi Nakayama, Kazuhiro J Mori

    Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology   133 ( 1 )   85 - 94   2002.9

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    Seven genes specifically expressed during hibernation in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were cloned from a subtracted cDNA library constructed from livers of winter bullfrogs. Those genes were fibrinogen alpha-subunit, fibrinogen gamma-subunit, complement component C3, alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP), transferrin, apoferritin middle subunit and one novel gene. Northern hybridization has indicated that these seven genes were specifically induced or enhanced in winter. Above all, expression of the novel gene was specifically induced in winter in liver, though the expression of that was neither induced in bullfrog nor Xenopus laevis by cold treatment. The novel gene, which was designated as rc-hirp (Rana catesbeiana hibernation-related protein), encoded 420 base pairs length and a putative protein of 139 amino acid residues. Annual analyses of the expression of these genes have suggested that the seven winter-specific genes are playing an important role in hibernation processes.

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  • Identification of negative regulator of interleukin-3 (NIL-3) in bone marrow. Reviewed

    Adachi Yasuhiro, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Asako K Sato, Kazuhiro John Mori

    Cell structure and function   27 ( 2 )   81 - 9   2002.4

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    We have reported that an inhibitor of interleukin-3 (NIL-3) is produced from murine bone marrow cells in response to excess stimulation of interleukin-3. In this report, we attempted the purification of the NIL-3 activity from bone marrow culture supernatant in the presence of interleukin-3. The purified NIL-3 activity was a protein with relative molecular weight of 54.5 kDa (SDS-PAGE), which inhibited the growth of IL-3 dependent DA-1 cell growth in a dose dependent manner. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified NIL-3 activity was determined to be homologous to beta-2 glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H: APO-H). The gene expression of APO-H was detected by nested-PCR in STIL-3 C5-CM stimulated total bone marrow cells and STIL-3 C5-CM stimulated bone marrow fraction 2 (Fr. 2) which has been reported as a hematopoietic stem cell rich fraction. These observations indicate the possibility that the APO-H is the NIL-3 which was produced from bone marrow cells in response to excess IL-3 stimuli.

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  • Induction of the expression of SCF in mouse by lethal irradiation. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, Y Adachi, K Moriyama, W Qiong, A Nakayama, M Hosono, K J Mori

    Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland)   19 ( 4 )   219 - 31   2001

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    To clarify what kinds of cytokines are actually contributing to proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in vivo after lethal irradiation, we have investigated the expression of some cytokines by RT-PCR method. Above all, expression of the SCF was increased significantly in the bone marrow cells soon after lethal irradiation in both the Sca-1 (+) bone marrow cells injected and non-injected mice. The day 6 serum from the lethally irradiated mice could support the proliferation of the Sca-1 (+) bone marrow cells, even though the serum from normal mice could not. The quantification analyses have revealed the increase of the amounts of IL-6 and flt3-ligand in their serum, but not significant increase of the amount of SCF. Precise PCR analysis has revealed that the cell surface associated form of SCF was significantly induced in the bone marrow after lethal irradiation. These data indicate that the cell surface form of SCF mainly promotes the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells with some soluble cytokines under sever lack of hemopoietic stem cells in vivo caused by lethal irradiation and also suggest the importance of direct cell-to-cell interaction on proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo.

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  • Cloning and characterization of amphibian cold inducible RNA-binding protein Reviewed

    Toshifumi Saito, Kenkichi Sugimoto, Yasuhiro Adachi, Qiong Wu, Kazuhiro J. Mori

    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology   125 ( 2 )   237 - 245   2000

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    Gene expression of cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) was examined in the frog. In Xenopus laevis, expression of CIRP (XCIRP) was observed in both brain and liver at 24°C. Circadian expression of XCIRP was observed in brain. Expression of XCIRP in brain was induced by cold treatment and gradually decreased to the control level at 24°C, but no significant changes were observed in liver. Employing the sequence of murine CIRP, bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) CIRP gene was cloned. The bullfrog CIRP gene, designated BFCIRP, was 706 bp in length and encoded a putative protein of 164 amino acid residues. The deduced protein contained one consensus sequence of RNA-binding domain (CS-RBD) and a glycine rich domain (GRD). The amino acid sequence of BFCIRP was 78.4% identical to XCIRP. Expression of BFCIRP in brain was stronger in winter than that in summer. These findings suggest that BFCIRP expression in brain may link to hibernation. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0305-0491(99)00174-1

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  • Mutual education between hematopoietic cells and bone marrow stromal cells through direct cell-to-cell contact: factors that determine the growth of bone marrow stroma-dependent leukemic (HB-1) cells. Reviewed International journal

    H Jiang, K Sugimoto, H Sawada, E Takashita, M Tohma, H Gonda, K J Mori

    Blood   92 ( 3 )   834 - 41   1998.8

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    A stroma-dependent cell line (HB-1) was established from myelogenous leukemic cells of CBA/N mouse. Characterization of the cells showed that HB-1 proliferated on hematopoietic supportive stromal cells (MS-10), but did not survive or proliferate on hematopoietic nonsupportive cells (MS-K). Direct contact between HB-1 and MS-10 appears to be necessary for HB-1 to proliferate on MS-10. We found that interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) produced by MS-10 plays a major role in the survival and proliferation of HB-1. IL-11 did not support the proliferation of HB-1 cells by itself, but enhanced the proliferation of HB-1 cells in the presence of IL-1alpha. The expression of IL-1alpha and IL-11 was induced in MS-10 by the direct contact with HB-1 cells, and the expression of IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI) and interleukin-11 receptor (IL-11R) was induced in HB-1 cells by the attachment of the cells to MS-10. These findings show the existence of two-way interactions between HB-1 and MS-10.

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  • Establishment and characterization of bone marrow stroma-dependent leukemia cell line, HB-1. Reviewed

    H Sawada, K Sugimoto, H Jiang, Y Tsurumaki, G Breckon, S A Lorimore, E G Wright, K J Mori

    International journal of hematology   67 ( 3 )   295 - 306   1998.4

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    Radiation-induced M361 leukemia bearing mice (M361 mice) show characteristics of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with granulocytosis. Granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit (CFU-GM) increased in the bone marrow and spleen and high activity of colony stimulating factor (CSF) was found in the sera of M361 mice. A cell line (HB-1) was established from the spleen cells of M361 mice. Injection of HB-1 cells induced a similar leukemic response as M361 in syngeneic mice. HB-1 cells did not survive in the suspension culture, but proliferated when cultured on hemopoietic supportive stromal cells (MS-10). HB-1 cells appear to be strictly dependent on the hemopoietic supportive bone marrow stroma, which would provide a useful model for the study of cell-cell interactions between hemopoietic cells and marrow stromal cells.

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  • Gene expression of lipid binding protein transferred the ability of specific attachment of hemopoietic cells to non-supportive stromal cell line, MS-K. Reviewed

    E Takashita, K Sugimoto, H Jiang, M Tohma, E Urano, H Yokoyama, K J Mori

    Cell structure and function   22 ( 6 )   595 - 602   1997.12

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    In order to identify the cDNAs responsible for hemopoietic supportive activity, expression of mRNAs in hemopoietic supportive bone marrow stromal cells (MS-5) and non-supportive stromal cells (MS-K) were compared by the cDNA subtraction method. A subtracted MS-5-cDNA library, which contains cDNA clones corresponding to mRNAs present in MS-5 cells but not in MS-K cells, was constructed. Screening of subtracted MS-5-cDNA library resulted in the isolation of some clones. Two of them, lipid binding protein (LBP) and haptoglobin (Hp), were expressed specifically in MS-5 cells but not in MS-K cells. The genes of LBP and Hp were subcloned into mammalian expression vector and transfected into hemopoietic non-supportive stromal cells line, MS-K. Then LBP-expressing stable transformants (MS-K-LBP) and Hp-expressing transformants (MS-K-Hp) were cloned. A rosette formation assay was carried out to investigate whether or not the LBP and Hp cause MS-K cells to adhere to hemopoietic cells. MS-K-LBP formed rosettes with hemopoietic cells as MS-5 cells, although the MS-K-Hp and normal MS-K cells did not form rosettes. These data indicate that LBP expressed in hemopoietic supportive stromal cells is partly responsible for the adhesion of hemopoietic stem cells to stromal cells.

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  • Destruction of hematopoietic microenvironment by cytotoxic T cells. Reviewed International journal

    E Takashita, K Sugimoto, Y Adachi, Y Aihara, H Inoue, H Jiang, T Katakai, K J Mori

    Experimental hematology   25 ( 10 )   1034 - 41   1997.9

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    Coculture of cytotoxic T cells (STIL-3 C5) derived from L8313 leukemic mice with hematopoietic supportive stromal cells (MS-5) resulted in the detachment of MS-5 cells from the culture dish, whereas helper T cells (STIL-3 DF) did not induce this detachment. The response of bone marrow (BM) adherent cells to the same treatment was similar to that of MS-5 cells. The detached cells were unable to proliferate further, and genomic DNA of these cells showed fragmentation, suggesting that hematopoietic stromal cells died of apoptosis. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that STIL-3 C5 cells, but not STIL-3 DF cells expressed perforin, granzyme A & B, and Fas ligand. Fas was expressed in MS-5, BM adherent cells, MS-K and NIH/3T3 cells, which do not support hematopoiesis. These data suggest that the aforementioned factors mediate induction of apoptosis in MS-5 cells induced by direct cell-to-cell interaction with STIL-3 C5. This may explain the mechanism responsible for the destruction of the hematopoietic microenvironment by cytotoxic T cells in L8313 leukemia, from which STIL-3 cells are derived; it also suggests that destruction of hematopoietic tissue may be caused by leukemic cytotoxic T cells in some cases of leukemia.

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  • Strain specific production of a negative regulator of IL-3 (NIL-3): difference in the negative feedback mechanism of hemopoiesis among mouse strains. Reviewed

    K Sugimoto, H Jiang, E Takashita, H Inoue, S Kadowaki, K J Mori

    Cell structure and function   22 ( 4 )   407 - 11   1997.8

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    The producing cells of the negative regulator of interleukin-3 (NIL-3) were investigated. The 5-fluorouracil-treated bone marrow cells did not produce NIL-3. The bone marrow cells of stem cell-depleted W/WV mouse did not produce the NIL-3, either. The production of NIL-3 was different among mouse strains. Mice of C3H/HeN, A/J and ICR strains produced NIL-3, but the C57BL/6 mice did not produce NIL-3. These results indicate that the negative feedback mechanism of hemopoiesis is different among mouse strains. In the present study, we could not definitely identify the NIL-3 producing cells, although the present results are suggestive that the stem cells in cycle are a NIL-3 producer. Instead, we found that hemopoietic regulatory mechanisms might be different among mouse strains, especially in C57BL/6 mice.

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  • Cascade regulation of cytokine production in granulopoiesis Reviewed

    Kenkichi Sugimoto, Kazuhiro J. Mori

    Leukemia   11 ( 3 )   464 - 467   1997

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    Injection of IL-3 producing T cells (STIL-3) resulted in a granulocytosis in the syngeneic mice. A high IL-3 activity was detected in the culture supernatant of the spleen cells of these mice, but only a low activity was detectable in the bone marrow cell-conditioned medium. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the STIL-3 cells between the spleen and the bone marrow of the mice injected with the STIL-3 cells. Two possibilities have been envisaged from these observations
    i) IL-3 induces production of granulocyte stimulating cytokines (CSFs) from hemopoietic cells hence resulting in the granulocytosis in the STIL-3 injected mice, ii) an inhibitor of IL-3 is produced in response to an excess stimuli with IL-3 in the bone marrow. We found that IL-3 induced a production of IL-6, G- and GM-CSF from bone marrow cells. In contrast, stimulation of the bone marrow cells with an excess level of IL-3 resulted in a production of a heat-labile activity (NIL-3) antagonistic to IL-3. Furthermore, stimulation of bone marrow cells with IL-6, G- or GM-CSF did not induce the production of IL-3, indicating a hierarchical regulation of the cytokine production. These observations have provided positive evidences to the above mentioned 2 possibilities, and indicate the existence of a positive feedback mechanism in the IL-3-induced granulocytosis, as well as the presence of a negative feedback mechanism for the homeostatic regulation of the granulopoiesis.

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  • Implications for the assay and biological properties of interleukin-3. Results of a WHO international collaborative study Reviewed

    Anthony R. Mire-Sluis, Rose Gaines Das, Robin Thorpe, Sandra Thomas, Darryl Maher, Peter Valent, Elisabeth Payer, De Groote, Kent Hayglass, H. Ziltener, Lars K. Poulsen, Pierre Miossec, P. Chomarat, Jacques Grassi, G. Pawelec, U. Fritzsche, M. Falk, M. Topp, G. Reisbach, John Sidiropoulos, S. Z. Ben-Sasson, Zeev Even-Chen, Luigi Pegoraro, Francesco Barboni, Kenkichi Sugimoto, K. Tsuji, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Kenrichi Arai, Takashi Yokota, J. Olobo, G. Wagemaker, T. Van Der Pouw-Kraan, Kirrikant V. Sheth, C. Gutierrez, D. Rivas, Nils Lyeke, Karin Schön, John P.A. Bews, K. Tullberg, R. Klotzbücher, L. Page, C. Bird, Colin P. McGuckin, John Gordon, Anita Katira, Peter Openshaw, Andrew Georgiou, Nydia G. Testa, Robin Callard, K. Paik, John McKearn, Marie Rock, Kathleen Harper, Steven J. Swanson, Jay P. Siegel, H. L. Spiegelberg, John Geigert, Kerri Carter, William E. Paul, Cynthia Watson, Monica Tsang, Li Zhou, Louis Westreich, Chun C. Chao, Terry L. Riss, Rich Moravec

    Journal of Immunological Methods   194 ( 1 )   1 - 12   1996.7

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    Five preparations of interleukin-3 (IL-3) have been evaluated by 28 laboratories in 12 countries for their suitability to serve as an international standard for this material in a joint international collaborative study for IL-3 and interleukin-4 (IL-4). The preparations were assayed in a wide range of in vitro bioassays and immunoassays. It is clear from the biological assays contributed to this study that different recombinant preparations of IL-3 can have very different biological specific activities, including those from the same source (i.e., E. coli). Biological assays of IL-3 were significantly more consistent in their estimates of levels of IL-3 than the immunoassays, suggesting an unusual pattern of epitome recognition amongst the antibodies in the immunoassays. This study also illustrates the point that the level of cytokine measured by immunoassays does not necessarily reflect the biological potency of the cytokine. On the basis of results reported here, with the agreement of the participants of the study and with the authorization of the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) of the World Health Organization (WHO) the preparation of IL-3 (91/510) was established as the international standard for interleukin-3 with an assigned unitage of 1700 IU/ampoule.

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  • Implications for the assay and biological activity of interleukin-4. Results of a WHO international collaborative study Reviewed

    Anthony R. Mire-Sluis, Rose Gaines Das, Robin Thorpe, Sandra Thomas, Darryl Maher, Peter Valent, Elisabeth Payer, De Groote, Kent Hayglass, H. Ziltener, Lars K. Poulsen, Pierre Miossec, P. Chomarat, Jacques Grassi, G. Pawelec, U. Fritzsche, M. Falk, M. Topp, G. Reisbach, John Sidiropoulos, S. Z. Ben-Sasson, Zeev Even-Chen, Luigi Pegoraro, Francesco Barboni, Kenkichi Sugimoto, K. Tsuji, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Kenrichi Arai, Takashi Yokota, J. Olobo, G. Wagemaker, T. Van Der Pouw-Kraan, Kirrikant V. Sheth, C. Gutierrez, D. Rivas, Nils Lyeke, Karin Schön, John P.A. Bews, K. Tullberg, R. Klotzbücher, L. Page, C. Bird, Colin P. McGuckin, John Gordon, Anita Katira, Peter Openshaw, Andrew Georgiou, Nydia G. Testa, Robin Callard, K. Paik, John McKearn, Marie Rock, Kathleen Harper, Steven J. Swanson, Jay P. Siegel, H. L. Spiegelberg, John Geigert, Kerri Carter, William E. Paul, Cynthia Watson, Monica Tsang, Li Zhou, Louis Westreich, Chun C. Chao, Terry L. Riss, Rich Moravec

    Journal of Immunological Methods   194 ( 1 )   13 - 25   1996.7

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    Five ampouled preparations of interleukin-4 (IL-4) have been evaluated by 36 laboratories in 14 countries for their suitability to serve as an international standard for this material in a joint international collaborative study for interleukin-3 (IL-3) and IL-4. The preparations were assayed in a wide range of in vitro bioassays and immunoassays. It is clear from the study that different recombinant preparations of IL-4 can have very different biological specific activities, including those from the same source (i.e., E. coli). In addition, immunoassay estimates of IL-4 levels did not correlate with those of bioassays, illustrating the fact that immunoassays do not necessarily measure active cytokine. It is of interest that the estimates provided by the different bioassays were less variable than those produced by the immunoassays, suggesting that bioassays can be as accurate, if not more so, than immunoassays. The large reduction in the variability of estimates with the inclusion of a single reference preparation clearly illustrates the need for a single standard to assay IL-4. On the basis of the results reported here, with the agreement of the participants of the study with the authorization of the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) on the World Health Organization (WHO) the preparation of IL-4 (88/656) was established as the international standard for interleukin-4 with an assigned unitage of 1000 IU/ampoule.

    DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(96)00069-5

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  • Separate control of the survival, the self-renewal and the differentiation of hemopoietic stem cells. Reviewed

    T Yanai, K Sugimoto, E Takashita, Y Aihara, Y Tsurumaki, T Tsuji, K J Mori

    Cell structure and function   20 ( 2 )   117 - 24   1995.4

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    Hemopoietic stem cells adhere to hemopoietic supportive (MS-5) cells, but not to non-supportive (MS-K) cells. Although a soluble stem cell factor (SCF) was produced by both of these cell lines, little activity was detectable in the supernatant from the cultures of either of these cells, indicating that SCF might be compartmentalized within the extracellular matrix (ECM), and transferred directly to the stem cells via the ECM (44). To probe this possibility, we studied the transfer of SCF from the ECM and the subsequent support of the survival of the hemopoietic stem cells. A stem cell-enriched bone marrow cell fraction was overlaid on SCF-containing ECM. The stem cells survived and proliferated for some days without differentiation under these conditions, whereas stem cells overlaid on ECM without SCF died within a few days. Addition of interleukin-3 (IL-3) to the ECM that contains SCF, induced differentiation of the stem cells. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced further differentiation of the stem cells, which was accompanied by a decrease in the number of colony-forming unit in spleen (CFU-S). These observations verified the above hypothesis, and indicated that the survival, the self-renewal, and the differentiation of hemopoietic stem cells can be separately controlled at least in vitro.

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  • Induction of bcl-2 gene expression by intercellular information from hemopoietic supportive stromal cells to DA-1 cells. Reviewed International journal

    E Takashita, K Sugimoto, Y Adachi, K J Mori

    Journal of cellular physiology   161 ( 2 )   367 - 73   1994.11

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    When interleukin-3 (IL-3) dependent DA-1 cells were cultured on hemopoietic supportive stromal cells (MS-5), DA-1 cells survived and proliferated in the absence of detectable IL-3. Although IL-3 was not produced by the MS-5 cells, their production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was increased when they were co-cultured with DA-1 cells. This suggests that DA-1 cells transmit signals to stromal cells that enhance growth factor(s) production. Expression of bcl-2 by DA-1 cells was induced when they were co-cultured with MS-5 cells, suggesting that DA-1 cells express bcl-2 strongly in response to a signal produced by MS-5 cells. These data indicate the existence of a two-way interaction between DA-1 cells and hemopoietic supportive stromal cells.

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  • Effects of anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody on adhesion of erythroid leukemic cells (ELM-I-1) to hematopoietic supportive cells (MS-5): CD44, but not hyaluronate-mediated, cell-cell adhesion. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, Y Tsurumaki, H Hoshi, S Kadowaki, M C LeBousse-Kerdiles, F Smadja-Joffe, K J Mori

    Experimental hematology   22 ( 6 )   488 - 94   1994.6

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    Cocultivation of erythroid leukemic cells (ELM-I-1) with hemopoietic supportive cells (MS-5) resulted in a specific adhesion of ELM-I-1 cells to MS-5 cells. This phenomenon was designated as rosette formation. After induction of differentiation of ELM-I-1 cells, rosette formation was reduced, and no rosette formation was observed between erythrocytes and MS-5 cells. Studies on anti-adhesion molecule antibody treatment have revealed that CD44 plays a key role in rosette formation. Expression of CD44 on (the membrane of) ELM-I-1 cells was reduced after differentiation, and no CD44 expression was detected on erythrocytes. CD44 was also expressed on MS-5. Hyaluronate is known as the ligand of CD44, but neither hyaluronidase treatment nor addition of excess hyaluronate to the assay system affected rosette formation. These data indicate that hyaluronate is not responsible for rosette formation. Anti-CD44 antibody (KM81), which recognized the hyaluronate binding site of CD44, inhibited rosette formation. But other monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes except for the hyaluronate binding site, even those against CD44's hyaluronate binding site, did not inhibit rosette formation. Thus, rosette formation between MS-5 cells and ELM-I-1 cells is mediated by CD44 but not by the hyaluronate binding site of CD44.

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  • Age-related decreases in the reconstituting ability of hemopoietic cells and the ability of hemopoietic microenvironment to support hemopoietic reconstitution in senescence accelerated (SAM-P) mice. Reviewed International journal

    A Sakuma, I Tsuboi, K Morimoto, T Horie, K Sugimoto, K J Mori

    Mechanisms of ageing and development   73 ( 2 )   127 - 35   1994.2

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    The effect of the aging process on the hemopoietic system in senescence-accelerated (SAM-P) mice with respect to the reconstituting ability of hemopoietic cells and the ability of the microenvironment to support hemopoietic reconstitution was investigated by bone marrow transplantation (reconstitution assay). When the bone marrow cells, obtained from young or old mice, were transplanted to lethally irradiated young SAM-P mice no difference in the reconstituting pattern of femoral spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S), splenic CFU-S and splenic granulocyte macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) was observed between the mice transplanted with young and old donor cells. However, the reconstitution of femoral CFU-GM in mice transplanted with old donor cells was delayed compared to that in mice transplanted with young donor cells. Moreover, the recovery of WBC in mice transplanted with old donor cells was noticeably delayed. When the bone marrow cells obtained from young mice were transplanted to young or old recipient mice, no difference in the reconstituting pattern of femoral CFU-S and CFU-GM as well as splenic CFU-S and CPU-GM was observed between young and old recipient mice. However, the recovery of WBC in old recipient mice was noticeably delayed. These data indicate that the functions of both the hemopoietic cells and the hemopoietic microenvironment deteriorated with age in SAM-P mice.

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  • Constitutive production of IL-6 in the anemic mice of W/Wv genotype. Reviewed International journal

    T Yanai, K Sugimoto, T Tsuji, E Takashita, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   18 ( 2 )   123 - 31   1994.2

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    IL-6 was found to be produced by bone marrow cell fraction enriched for hemopoietic stem cells in response to IL-3 stimulation. To confirm the production of IL-6 by hemopoietic stem cells, we studied the response of W/Wv mouse bone marrow cells to IL-3 stimulation in terms of IL-6 production. Genetically anemic mice of W/Wv genotype are known to be depleted of normal hemopoietic stem cells. Bone marrow cells of W/Wv mice produce IL-6 without IL-3 stimulation. But bone marrow cells of the litter mate (+/+) mice studied as controls do not produce IL-6 without stimulation. IL-3 induced the production of IL-6, GM-CSF and G-CSF from the bone marrow cells of +/+ mice. Gene expression of IL-6, GM-CSF, G-CSF and IL-3 in these mice was detected in total bone marrow cells after IL-3 stimulation. In contrast, bone marrow cells of C3H mice did not produce IL-3 even after IL-3 stimulation. Bone marrow cells of C3H mice reportedly produce a diffusible IL-3 inhibitor (NIL-3), but those of C57BL mice do not. Present findings indicate the strain-dependent differences in hemopoietic stimulating factor production. The constitutive IL-6 production in W/Wv mice might be due to a constant and strong demand for blood cell production of the anemic mice.

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  • INDUCTION OF GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) AND GRANULOCYTE-COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (G-CSF) EXPRESSION IN BONE-MARROW AND FRACTIONATED MARROW CELL-POPULATIONS BY INTERLEUKIN-3 (IL-3) - IL-3-MEDIATED POSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISMS OF GRANULOPOIESIS Reviewed

    T TSUJI, K SUGIMOTO, T YANAI, E TAKASHITA, KJ MORI

    GROWTH FACTORS   11 ( 1 )   71 - 79   1994

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    Interleukin 3 (IL-3) induces proliferation and differentiation of mast cell progenitors in vitro, whereas it induces granulocytosis in vivo. In this paper, a positive feedback mechanism of granulopoiesis was studied in order to elucidate the granulocytosis induced by IL-3 in mouse. IL-3 induced expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in total bone marrow cells and a marrow adherent cell population. In fractionated marrow cell populations, a different expression pattern of induction by IL-3 stimulation was observed; GM-CSF was expressed in macrophages and fraction 1 (P<1.061) and 2(1.061<P<1.074) of bone marrow cells fractionated by equilibrium density centrifugation, G-CSF was expressed in macrophages and fraction 2 and 3 (1.074<P<1.097), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in macrophages and fraction 1 to 3. These results indicate a hierarchical regulation of cytokine production and the existence of a positive feedback mechanism in granulopoiesis. IL-6, induced by IL-3, stimulates stem cells into cycle and induces stem cells to respond to IL-3. The stem cells differentiate to granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells by the combined effect of IL-3 and IL-6. IL-3 also induces GM- and G-CSF expression which in turn makes granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells differentiate to granulocytes. These factors organize a cytokine network in granulopoiesis.

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  • Colony promoting activity (CPA) is a novel factor distinct from IL-6. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, S Taniguchi, T Yanai, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   47 ( 2-3 )   67 - 72   1993

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    The supernatant (CM) of long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC) contains colony promoting activity (CPA) which does not have granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating activity but which enhances GM-colony formation in the presence of CSF. CPA is different from IL-1, IL-3 and GM, G-, and M-CSF. Since CPA-containing LTBMC-CM always contains a substantial level of IL-6, CPA was thought to be similar to IL-6. In the present study, we found that LTBMC with a particular batch of horse serum produced IL-6 without a corresponding production of CPA. Addition of IL-6 to GM-colony assay system in the presence of GM-CSF did not enhance the colony formation. LTBMC-CM did not stimulate proliferation nor differentiation of mast cell progenitors. Anti-IL-6 antibodies suppressed IL-6 activity, but not CPA. These results indicate that CPA is a novel factor distinct from IL-1, IL-3, G-, M-, GM-CSF, IL-6 and SCF (c-kit ligand).

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  • Application of poly(L-lactic acid) particles for the suppression of genetic resistance to bone marrow allografts by reticuloendothelial system-blockade. Reviewed International journal

    S Kadowaki, K Sugimoto, Y Tsurumaki, Y Tabata, Y Ikada, J Fujita, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   47 ( 9 )   385 - 91   1993

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    We have recently successfully achieved bone marrow allografts by reticuloendothelial system (RES)-blockade. Long-term survival of the recipient mice after BMT was achieved without apparent evidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), although T-cells were not depleted from donor marrow cells. Hemopoietic system of these recipient mice was replaced by that of donor origin [7]. As a first step to the application of this technique for human patients, we tested poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) particles as biodegradable particles. PLLA particles were phagocytized by macrophages when injected intravenously, and degraded slowly. PLLA has already been in clinical use as a bioresorbable suture material and matrix for drug release. We found that administration of PLLA prior to bone marrow transplantation resulted in a successful take of the allografts. In addition, PLLA was found not to show any antigenicity in normal mice.

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  • Production of a low molecular weight growth inhibitory factor by adenovirus 12-transformed cells. Reviewed International journal

    T Tsuji, K Mori, K Sugimoto, C Hamada, K J Mori

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications   187 ( 3 )   1232 - 40   1992.9

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    Malignant rodent cells transformed by human adenovirus 12 produce a potent cell growth inhibitory factor. The cell growth inhibitory factor inhibits the growth of and DNA synthesis in normal fibroblasts in vitro. Extent of the production of the cell growth inhibitory factor appears to be proportional to that of the malignancy of the transformed cells. C57AT1-AB cells, an adenovirus 12-transformant of C57BL/6 mouse origin, are highly tumorigenic in the syngeneic and allogeneic mice. The cell growth inhibitory factor produced by these cells was characterized for the physicochemical properties; the cell growth-inhibitory activity was quantitatively recovered in the filtrates of YM-2 membrane (M(r) less than 1,000), resistant to the heat treatments at 56 degrees C for 30 min and 100 degrees C for 5 min, and extractable by ethyl acetate under acid-condition. These results suggest that the cell growth inhibitory factor may be lipid or oligopeptides.

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  • Production of a negative regulator of IL-3 by bone marrow cells in response to the supernatant of IL-3-producing STIL-3 leukemia cells. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, S Taniguchi, H Ogata, S Ikehara, J Fujita, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   16 ( 9 )   889 - 97   1992.9

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    When spleen cells of mice grafted with STIL-3 C5 cells, a leukemic T-cell line producing IL-3, are cultured in vitro, a high IL-3 activity is detectable in the culture supernatant. However, when bone marrow cells of the same grafted mice are cultured under similar conditions, hardly any IL-3 activity is detectable. To elucidate the mechanism of this difference, we examined whether the bone marrow cells either suppress IL-3 production by STIL-3 C5 cells or produce an IL-3 inhibitor. When STIL-3 C5 cells were cultured in the presence of normal bone marrow cells, the culture supernatant showed a significantly reduced IL-3 activity as assessed by growth stimulatory effects on IL-3-dependent DA-1 cells and mast cells. The conditioned medium (CM) did not inhibit the growth of IL-3-independent cell lines. Heat treatment of the CM resulted in a recovery of the IL-3 activity, indicating that the effect was mediated by a heat-labile inhibitor rather than by suppression of IL-3 production. CM of bone marrow cells alone did not inhibit the IL-3 activity. The inhibitor was produced by a stem cell-enriched fraction of the bone marrow, and not by fractions of T cells, granulocytes, or adherent cells including macrophages. Stimulation of the stem cell-enriched fraction of bone marrow with STIL-3 C5-CM also induced the production of the IL-3 inhibitor, which was recovered in a MW 50-100 kD fraction after ultrafiltration. These results suggest a possible presence of a feedback mechanism against the IL-3 effect on hemopoietic stem cells and progenitors in the bone marrow.

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  • Characterization of murine hemopoietic-supportive (MS-1 and MS-5) and non-supportive (MS-K) cell lines. Reviewed International journal

    J Suzuki, J Fujita, S Taniguchi, K Sugimoto, K J Mori

    Leukemia   6 ( 5 )   452 - 8   1992.5

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    Characteristics of hemopoietic-supportive (MS-1 and MS-5) and non-supportive (MS-K) cell lines were compared. Supportive cells adhered to hemopoietic stem cells and produced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), whereas non-supportive cells did not adhere to hemopoietic cells and only produced macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Both cell lines produced substantial levels of IL-6 and steel factor (SLF) which is reportedly a stem-cell factor. Northern blot analysis revealed that SLF but neither c-kit nor interleukin 3 (IL-3) mRNA was detectable in these cell lines, although IL-3-like activity was found in the supernatant of MS-5 cell culture. These observations suggest that the hemopoietic-supportive function of stromal cells may reside in adherence of stem cells, and production of GM-CSF probably in combination with SLF. SLF may be transferred from stromal cells directly to stem cells through adhesion of stem cells to supportive stromal cells.

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  • Adhesion of mouse mast cells to fibroblasts: adverse effects of steel (Sl) mutation. Reviewed International journal

    Y Kaneko, J Takenawa, O Yoshida, K Fujita, K Sugimoto, H Nakayama, J Fujita

    Journal of cellular physiology   147 ( 2 )   224 - 30   1991.5

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    Mouse bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells proliferate on +/+ mouse embryo-derived 3T3 fibroblasts, but not on Sl/Sld mouse embryo-derived 3T3 fibroblasts, in the absence of IL-3 and IL-4 (Fujita et al: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:2888-2891, 1989). To further characterize the mast cell-fibroblast interactions and the effects of Sl mutation, we tried to analyze the adhesion of cultured mast cells to 3T3 fibroblasts in vitro. Mast cells plated onto NIH/3T3 fibroblasts showed marked adhesion within 30 min, which reached a plateau after 3 h. The numbers of adhered mast cells were linear over the range of 10(3) to 5 x 10(5) cells inoculated into each (2 cm2) of 24 multiwells. Adhesion required active energy production and the presence of divalent cations. It was not inhibited by an RGD-containing peptide, an anti-LFA-1 antibody, or asialofetuin. Mast cells adhered efficiently to the eight 3T3 cell lines derived from +/+ mouse embryos, but not to the eight 3T3 cell lines derived from Sl/Sld mouse embryos. Adhesion to +/+ mouse spleen-derived fibroblasts lacking mast cell-supporting activity was comparable to that to Sl/Sld/3T3 cells. The failure of mast cells to adhere to fibroblasts with the Sl mutations was not due to a production of a diffusible inhibitor by the latter. These results indicate that production of wild type Sl gene product by fibroblasts is mandatory for adhesion/migration, as well as for proliferation of mast cells on them, and that the coculture system should be useful for the biochemical and molecular analysis of these interactions.

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  • Long-term cultivation of an interleukin-3-producing cell line in a chemically defined protein-free medium. Reviewed

    K Itoh, K Sugimoto, H Sawada, T Uchiyama, H Uchino, K J Mori

    International journal of hematology   54 ( 2 )   171 - 4   1991.4

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  • Prevention of genetic resistance to bone marrow allografts by reticuloendothelial system blockade. Reviewed International journal

    S Kadowaki, S Taniguchi, J Suzuki, K Sugimoto, J Fujita, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   45 ( 9 )   417 - 22   1991

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    Agents which are toxic to macrophages such as silica and caragheenan suppress genetic resistance to bone marrow allografts. However, these agents may also be toxic to other tissues and cannot be used for the establishment of long-term bone marrow chimerism. In this study, we used chemically insert carbon particles to blockade phagocytic cells, and succeeded in carrying out bone marrow allografts. Long-term survival of the recipient mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was achieved without apparent evidence of graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), although T-cells were not depleted in donor marrow cells. The hemopoietic system of the recipient mice was replaced by that of donor origin. These results indicate that phagocytic cells play an essential role, probably as effector cells in genetic resistance to bone marrow allograft.

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  • Hierarchical regulation of interleukin production: induction of interleukin 6 (IL-6) production from bone marrow cells and marrow stromal cells by interleukin 3 (IL-3). Reviewed International journal

    M Miyashita, K Sugimoto, J Suzuki, S Taniguchi, K Aramaki, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   15 ( 12 )   1125 - 31   1991

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    IL-3 stimulated the production of IL-6 from a bone marrow-adherent cell population, macrophages and from hemopoietic supportive stromal cell lines. It also induced IL-6 production from a stem cell-enriched population of bone marrow cells which did not produce IL-6 without stimulation. In contrast, stimulation with IL-6 of all the cell populations studied in the present experiments did not induce IL-3 production. These results indicate a hierarchical network in the regulation of interleukin production, and existence of a positive feedback mechanism; IL-3 induces IL-6 production which in turn stimulates stem cells into cycle and induces stem cells to respond to IL-3.

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  • Establishment of a sarcoma cell line, MS-K, expressing Ki-ras proto-oncogene product from mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Reviewed International journal

    K Shirata, T Suzuki, N Yanaihara, K Sugimoto, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   45 ( 1 )   1 - 8   1991

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    A sarcoma cell line, MS-K, was established from a long-term culture of mouse bone marrow stromal cells. When inoculated into syngeneic 3HC/HeNS1c mice, the cells formed large necrosis-free tumors, but there were no apparent changes in hematological features or in general conditions of tumor-bearing mice. The tumor had a fibroblastic appearance, was well vasculated and differentiated into adipocytes at the peripheral region. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the cells were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein, indicating that the cells were of lipoblast origin. A significant amount of fat-deposition was induced in the cytoplasm of the cells when MS-K cells were cultured in the presence of hydrocortisone and insulin. Antibody-staining for oncogene products showed that the cells were negative for c-fos but strongly positive for Ki-ras. MS-K cells did not adhere hemopoietic stem cells or support their proliferation, which contrasts with previously established MS-1, which is a hemopoietic-supportive and stem cell-adherent lipoblast cell line. These properties of MS-K and MS-1 should be useful in the identification of the surface structures for stem cell anchorage.

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  • Age-related decrease in the number of hemopoietic stem cells and progenitors in senescence accelerated mice. Reviewed International journal

    H Izumi-Hisha, Y Ito, K Sugimoto, H Oshima, K J Mori

    Mechanisms of ageing and development   56 ( 1 )   89 - 97   1990.10

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    Senescence accelerated mice (SAM-P) were used for the study of the possible aging of hemopoiesis. The number of peripheral leukocytes decreased significantly with age, whereas hematocrit showed only a slight decrease. Although the number of total nucleated cells in the bone marrow increased, the number of hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) as well as that of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (GM-CFC) showed a decrease in old mice. A significant decrease in the number of GM-CFC was observed in the spleen of old SAM-P mice, whereas no decrease was found in the number of CFU-S. Such a profound reduction of the recruitment of GM-CFC from CFU-S in the spleen together with a reduction of bone marrow hemopoiesis may be responsible for the decrease in the number of peripheral leukocytes in the old mice. SAM-P mice could provide a good model for the study of the aging of hemopoietic system.

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  • Distribution of IL-3 activity in mice transplanted with IL-3 producing T cells (STIL-3): abrogation of the distribution of STIL-3 cells into the liver and liver hemopoiesis by splenectomy. Reviewed International journal

    K Aramaki, N Takayama, S Taniguchi, M Miyashita, K Sugimoto, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   44 ( 8 )   429 - 34   1990

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    Distribution of IL-3 producing T cells, STIL-3, in splenectomized mice after intravenous injection was studied in order to determine the site of IL-3 production in the splenectomized mice. Hematological features of STIL-3-inoculated mice after splenectomy were also studied. Splenectomy prior to inoculation of STIL-3 cells resulted in a slight increase in the level of IL-3 activity in most lymphohemopoietic tissues, but resulted in a slight decrease in the level of IL-3 activity in the plasma. The splenectomy also abrogated granulocytosis which was evident in sham-operated host mice. Hepatomegaly and a number of granulocytic foci in the liver were observed in STIL-3 inoculated mice, but this was again abrogated completely by the splenectomy. These results suggest that the spleen is the major site of granulopoiesis in response to the stimulus with IL-3, and also that the spleen is essential for the migration or metastasis of STIL-3 cells to the liver.

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  • Presence of an activity indispensable for the granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating activity of interleukin 3 in bovine serum albumin. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, J Fujita, M Miyashita, K Aramaki, T Tamaki, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   14 ( 2 )   139 - 44   1990

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    Media conditioned by an interleukin 3 (IL-3)-producing T-cell line, STIL-3, as well as recombinant mouse IL-3 showed granulocyte/macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating activity in the semi-solid culture medium containing horse serum (HS) or bovine serum, but the activity was not apparent when fetal calf serum (FCS) was used. No such serum-dependency of GM colony formation was observed when abdominal wall conditioned medium or L-cell conditioned medium containing GM colony-stimulating factor was used. Although the levels of albumin and total protein were lower in FCS than HS, increase of FCS concentration did not affect the GM colony-stimulating activity of IL-3. Addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) preparation to FCS, however, increased the number of GM colonies to the same level as that observed with HS. The levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in sera and BSA and the effect on the bone marrow cells from LPS-nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice indicated that the observed effect of BSA was not due to the contaminating LPS. The activity of BSA was not substituted by IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma, TNF, NGF or erythropoietin. The present study suggests the presence in BSA of co-factor(s) of IL-3 in stimulating GM colony formation.

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  • Colony promoting activity: differences from interleukin-3 and similarities to interleukin-6. Reviewed International journal

    K Sugimoto, K Shirata, S Kadowaki, I Tsuboi, K Morimoto, S Sawada, K J Mori

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie   44 ( 2 )   135 - 40   1990

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    The supernatant of long-term bone marrow culture contains colony promoting activity (CPA) which does not have granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating activity (CSF) but which enhances granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony formation in the presence of CSF. CPA might consist of IL-3 or IL-3-like activity, since CPA stimulates proliferation and differentiation of more immature cells to CSF-responding granulocytes-macrophage progenitors (GM-CFC), and since IL-3 also stimulates immature hemopoietic cells to proliferate and differentiate to functional blood cells. IL-1 and IL-6 are also known to enhance GM colony formation. One or both of these molecules can accordingly be another candidate for CPA. In the present study, GM-CSF activity of IL-3 was dependent on the batch of serum: it was negative in the presence of fetal calf serum, but positive in the presence of horse serum. In contrast, GM-CSF and CPA showed no such dependence on the batch of serum. The addition of IL-3 to GM colony assay system did not enhance but rather suppressed GM colony formation. The supernatant of long-term bone marrow culture which contains substantial levels of CPA did not stimulate proliferation of IL-3 dependent DA-1 cells, but facilitated the proliferation of IL-6 dependent, MH60.BSF2 cells. No detectable level of IL-1 activity was found in the supernatant. These results indicate that CPA is different from IL-1, IL-3 or GM-CSF, but similar to or the same as IL-6.

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  • Hemopoietic features of splenectomized mice bearing IL-3 producing T cell leukemia. Reviewed International journal

    H Sawada, K Sugimoto, K Aramaki, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   13 ( 12 )   1131 - 8   1989

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    Hemopoietic responses were studied in splenectomized mice after transplantation of the hemopoietic colony stimulating activity producing leukemia, L8313. In non-splenectomized mice, the number of peripheral leukocytes was elevated to 4 x 10(5)/mm3 after transplantation. In contrast, it was below 1.7 x 10(4)/mm3 in splenectomized mice. Total cell, hemopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell numbers in the bone marrow decreased in both groups. Serum from splenectomized mice contained multi-colony stimulating activity although less effective than that from non-splenectomized mice. Extramedullary hemopoiesis was observed in splenectomized mice. These results suggest that invasion of leukemic cells to bone marrow results in a damage of hemopoietic microenvironment.

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  • Suppression of mast cell colony formation by a low molecular weight fraction of fetal calf bone marrow extract. Reviewed International journal

    M Lenfant, D Sotty, J Wdzieczak-Bakala, K Itoh, K Shirata, K Sugimoto, K J Mori

    Leukemia research   13 ( 12 )   1085 - 9   1989

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    A semi-purified fraction extracted from fetal calf bone marrow was previously shown to contain a tetrapeptide N-Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro which inhibits in mice, hematopoietic stem cell entry into the cell cycle. This peptide however, did not exhibit any effect on either IL-3 nor GM-CSF dependent cell growth. We report herein that a semi-purified fraction also contains another activity which is antagonistic to IL-3. Addition of the fraction in vitro decreased IL-3 dependent mast cell colony formation. Growth of IL-3 dependent cell lines (DA-1 and FDC-P2) was also suppressed. No effect was observed in the same dose range on granulocyte-macrophage colony formation nor on IL-3 independent cell growth.

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Books

  • 理系のための基礎生物学

    菊山, 宗弘, 酒泉, 満

    化学同人  2010.4  ( ISBN:9784759814316

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    Total pages:x, 165p   Language:Japanese

    CiNii Books

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  • 骨髄支持細胞による造血幹細胞の分化・増殖制御

    別冊医学のあゆみ 血液疾患ver.2  1998 

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MISC

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Research Projects

  • Elucidation of hemostasis control mechanism involving extracellular vesicles released by amphbian thrombocytes

    Grant number:18K05552

    2018.4 - 2021.3

    System name:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Research category:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Awarding organization:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    Sugimoto Kenkichi

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    Grant amount:\4290000 ( Direct Cost: \3300000 、 Indirect Cost:\990000 )

    Many detailed characteristics of thrombocytes remain unclear. Here, we report the finding that thrombocytes produce integrin alpha IIb (CD41)-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include microRNAs (miRs). FCM analysis revealed the expression of CD41+ on the surface of EVs. Nanotracking analysis demonstrated that these CD41+ EVs were approximately 100 nm in diameter. Microarray analysis revealed that the CD41+ EVs contain many kinds of miRs. These CD41+ EVs were phagocytosed by endothelial cells and macrophages. qPCR analysis revealed that many angiogenesis-related genes were upregulated in CD41+ EV-treated endothelial cells. These results indicated that thrombocytes produced CD41+ EVs, including miRs, that were received by endothelial cells to induce the expression of angiogenesis-related genes. These results indicated that the CD41+ EVs produced from thrombocytes act as signaling molecules to repair damaged blood vessels.

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  • 放射線照射後の骨髄細胞が産生する新規造血幹細胞増殖因子の探索

    Grant number:13770577

    2001 - 2002

    System name:科学研究費助成事業

    Research category:若手研究(B)

    Awarding organization:日本学術振興会

    杉本 健吉

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    Grant amount:\1200000 ( Direct Cost: \1200000 )

    致死量X線マウスの骨髄・脾臓・肝臓におけるサイトカイン等の発現をRT-PCR法で確認するとともに、血清中におけるサイトカインの濃度をELISA法で測定した結果、有意に遺伝子の発現が上昇したのはSCFであったが、血清中のSCFの増加はflt3-ligandほど顕著ではなかった。ただし、いずれのサイトカインも生体外幹細胞増殖で用いられる濃度に比してはるかに低い濃度であった。SCFに関しては膜結合型のSCFの発現が誘導されたことが判明した。実際のSca-1/c-kit両陽性細胞(造血幹細胞)の動態をセルソーターを用いて解析し、いつ増幅が起きているのかを把握した。骨髄では骨髄移植後4日目から増加し始め9日目には正常時に比べ約13倍に増加し、増減を繰り返しながら30日目までにほぼ正常値に戻った。増殖期のSca-1/c-kit両陽性細胞の細胞周期はおよそ14時間であった。増殖期造血幹細胞におけるサイトカインレセプターの発現を磁気分離法によって選別したSca-1陽性細胞でPCRにより検討した結果、生体外幹細胞増殖に用いられるサイトカインレセプター(c-kit, IL-6R, flt-3等)およびtie-2の発現は認められるものの、発現が増強されているものは認められなかった。またCD34,GM-CSFRの発現は認められなかった。さらに造血幹細胞増殖阻害因子であるMIP-1αの骨髄細胞での発現を検討したが、発現は認められるものの顕著な変化は認められなかった。したがって放射線照射後に誘導される造血幹細胞の迅速な増殖は、微小環境中の造血幹細胞増殖抑制因子の産生量が低下するために引き起こされるのではなく、既存のサイトカイン以外に新たに誘導される支持細胞が産生する膜結合タイプのサイトカインが関与している可能性が強く示唆された(論文投稿中)。

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  • 造血因子依存性細胞に造血支持細胞との直接接触によって発現誘導される遺伝子の検索

    Grant number:08740650

    1996

    System name:科学研究費助成事業

    Research category:奨励研究(A)

    Awarding organization:日本学術振興会

    杉本 健吉

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    Grant amount:\900000 ( Direct Cost: \900000 )

    研究計画では造血因子依存性細胞に造血支持細胞との直接接触によって誘導される未知の遺伝子を見つけるまで遂行する予定であったが、平成9年3月現在の状況はサブトラクション後のクローンをスクリーニングしている段階で、未知の遺伝子の発見には至っていない。研究の遅延の原因には以下のようなものがあった。
    1.サブトラクション後のcDNA増幅がうまくいかなかった。他社製品に比べて比較的安い耐熱性DNA合成酵素を汎用していたがうまく増幅できなかったため、Taq酵素への変更やその他のPCRコンディションを検討することにより、かなりの高分子のcDNAも増幅することが出来るようになった。
    2.サブトラクテッドcDNAのライブラリー構築が困難であった。通常のラムダファージベクターの組み込みは、何回かチャレンジしたがうまくいかなかった。そこでTA cloningを試みたがインサート含むクローンが極端に少なかった。残念ながら理由の解明には至っていない。そこで方法を変え制限酵素処理/脱リン酸化したベクターにインサートを組み込む基本的な方法によってインサートを持つクローンを幾つか得ることができた。
    3.実際の実験を遂行する上で幾つかの点の改良を試みた。
    1)サブトラクション時に共培養後のDA-1由来のcDNAから更にMS-5由来のcDNAを引く操作をつけ加え、共培養後のDA-1に特異的なcDNAの割合を高めた。
    2)サブトラクテッドクローンのノーザンハイブリダイゼーションによるスクリーニング操作を行い、大量クローンの処理に対応出来るようにした。
    今後の計画
    スクリーニング後ポジティブクローンを得たら、この遺伝子配列を決定し既知の遺伝子と同一であるかを検討すると共に、動物細胞発現ベクターにサブクローニングし、共培養前のDA-1細胞に組み込みその機能を調べる予定である。

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  • Ageing mechanisms of hemopoietic system in senescence accelerated (SAM-P) mice.

    Grant number:05834004

    1993 - 1994

    System name:Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Research category:Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

    Awarding organization:Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

    MORI Kazuhiro, SUGIMOTO Kenkichi

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    Grant amount:\2200000 ( Direct Cost: \2200000 )

    Senescence accelerated (SAM-p) mice show a significant decrease in the number of peripheral blood cells with age. Mutual bone marrow transplantation between young and old mice of this strain revealed that the differentiation-supporting function of the spleen of the old mice was less active than that in the young mice.
    To elucidate the possible decrease in cytokine production by the hemopoietic microenvironmet of the old mice, we have assayd the production of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the young and old SAM-P mice.
    Old mice produced much less GM-CSF compared to young mice. Degree of the response to IL-E stimulation, which is known to induce GM-CSF production by the murine bone marrow cells, was not different between young and old mice, although the total amount of GM-CSF was less in the old mice than that in the young mice in this case, as well.
    There was no difference in the level of interleukin-6 production between young and old mice.
    These results suggest that age-related decrease in cytokine production is responsible for the decreased production of peripheral blood cells in the old SAM-P mice.

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  • インターロイキン3活性抑制因子の精製

    Grant number:05780455

    1993

    System name:科学研究費助成事業

    Research category:奨励研究(A)

    Awarding organization:日本学術振興会

    杉本 健吉

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    Grant amount:\900000 ( Direct Cost: \900000 )

    今年度の実施結果
    1.大量サンプルの精製に先だって少量のサンプルより精製ステップの検討を行い、硫安分画、疎水クロマトグラフ、陰イオンクロマトグラフ(1)、陽イオンクロマトグラフ、までの精製ステップを確立した。
    2.次に陰イオンクロマトグラフ(2)で得られたいくつかの分画を更にゲル濾過クロマトグラフにかけてメジャーピークを単離したが、この段階でNIL-3活性は分散してしまった。この段階の幾つかのサンプルについてアミノ酸配列を決定したところ、プレアルブミンであることが判明した。
    3.そこでプレアルブミンのNIL-3活性について検討したが、プレアルブミンにNIL-3活性は検出できなかった。但し、マウスのプレアルブミンは市販品が存在しない為、ヒトのプレアルブミンを使用した。
    4.最終段階にまで精製を進めるため、NIL-3の精製源を約10リットル集めた。
    今後の展開に関する計画
    1.陰イオンクロマトグラフ(2)の段階で活性分画が分散してしまったので、メジャーピークとして活性分画を得るための条件を再検討する。
    この条件検討の為に、ある程度のサンプル量を準備中である。
    2.今回の予備精製で、最終段階近くまでプレアルブミンがメジャーピーク中に混ざってくることが判明したので、プレアルブミン除去の方法を検討する。
    3.マウスのプレアルブミンについてもNIL-3活性を検討する必要がある。
    4.最終段階までの精製めどがついたところで、サンプル取得時に得られた細胞よりライブラリーを構築する準備を進める。

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  • 冬眠制御

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    Grant type:Competitive

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  • 造血制御

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    Grant type:Competitive

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  • Regulation of Hibernation

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    Grant type:Competitive

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  • Regulation of Hematopoiesis

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    Grant type:Competitive

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Teaching Experience

  • 生物学実習IV

    2023
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 医学検査機器概論

    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学実習I

    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 科学・技術と社会

    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 日本事情自然系A

    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学実験

    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命科学への招待(生物学学習法)

    2021
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 基礎生物科学実習II

    2021
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 基礎生物科学実習I

    2021
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 理学スタディ・スキルズ

    2021
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学基礎演習

    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 遺伝子工学概論

    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 細胞分化制御学特論

    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 医学検査機器概論

    2020
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学特論 VI

    2020
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 理学スタディ・スキルズ

    2019
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 自然科学基礎実験

    2018
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 課題研究II(生物学)

    2018
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学基礎実習a

    2018
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 動物分子生理学実習

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 課題研究I(生物学)

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学基礎実習b

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学総合演習

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 安全教育

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 基礎生命科学セミナー

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学特論 III

    2017
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 研究発表(博士)演習(学会発表含む)

    2014
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学博士セミナーⅠ

    2014
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学博士特定研究Ⅰ

    2014
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学特論Ⅳ

    2014
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 外国語論文解説・討論Ⅰ

    2014
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 動物生理学II

    2012
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 基礎生物科学実習I

    2012
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 課題研究I(生物学科)

    2012
    -
    2016
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 研究発表演習(中間発表)

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学セミナーBⅠ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 文献詳読Ⅰ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学特定研究BⅡ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 文献詳読Ⅱ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学特定研究BⅠ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命・食料科学セミナーBⅡ

    2012
    -
    2015
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 研究発表

    2012
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生命科学への招待(生物学学習法)

    2011
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学基礎演習

    2011
    -
    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 日本事情自然系A

    2010
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 自然科学総論Ⅳ

    2010
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 進化生物学II

    2010
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 分子生物学演習

    2009
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学実験 I

    2009
    -
    2019
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 生物学基礎B

    2007
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 分子生物学

    2007
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 基礎生物科学実習II

    2007
    -
    2022
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 細胞分化制御学特論

    2007
    -
    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 遺伝子工学概論

    2007
    -
    2021
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 分子生物学実習

    2007
    -
    2016
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 課題研究II

    2007
    -
    2016
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 動物機能制御学

    2007
    -
    2011
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 課題研究I

    2007
    -
    2011
    Institution name:新潟大学

  • 細胞生物学演習

    2007
    -
    2008
    Institution name:新潟大学

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