Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

File： cultural-comparison-for-the-action-of-looking-at-a-mobile-phone-displayfocusing-on-independentinterdependent-self-2090-5025-100095.pdf

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Insight Medical Publishing  

Our identities may be largely determined by our social relationships with people in our environment. In the mobile phone (and smart phone) era, the mobile phone is indispensable for building and maintaining social relationships. That is, our identities considerably depend on mobile phone usage. A better understanding regarding mobile phone usage provides a better insight into our own existence. There is need for further research on mobile phone usage.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

This study investigates the now-common action of looking at a mobile phone display, thereby offering insight into the present communication situation in an era in which the use of high-performance mobile phones has become ubiquitous. In this study, the action of looking at a mobile phone display is considered nonverbal behavior/communication. This study applies a basic, general model to elucidate the present situation of face-to-face communication in light of the increasing prevalence of social interaction via mobile phone use. The results derived from the model include mobile phone users' increasing social power and an accumulation of potential discontent in relation to different interpretations. This study concludes that in an era of high-performance mobile phones, the social context in face-to-face communication can be influenced by the act of looking at a mobile phone display. (C) 2014 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

File： 1-s2.0-S0747563214005652-main.pdf

DOI： 10.1016/j.chb.2014.10.042

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In this paper, we interpret "showing the users' own mobile phone displays" as a form of non-verbal communication and investigate the real use of this form. Results of a questionnaire revealed that the 'sender' who showed his/her mobile phone display to the 'receivers' intended to enjoy the displayed contents together, develop empathy with them, and also notice their various reactions. On the other hand, these results also revealed that the receivers who viewed the sender's mobile phone display appreciated the sender's intention of getting along well together. Results suggested that disagreement between the sender's and receiver's intentions could possibly occur during their face-to-face communication. Results of the investigation suggested that "showing the sender's own mobile phone displays" and "viewing the sender's own mobile phone displays" are influenced by each other. It is observed that the two types of non-verbal communication are complementary with regard to acceptability and synergic with respect to concealment for the sender. This paper thus reveals that "showing the users' own mobile phone displays" should be interpreted as a form of non-verbal communication.

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10486913

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The behavior of looking at "keitai" (mobile phone)displays' has played various roles in non-verbal communications in real spaces. To understand these roles, I administered one questionnaire to university students about the reason why they spontaneously look at "keitai" displays in public places, even when they have no business to communicate, no actual call or no web page to check in a hurry. The results showed that "keitai" usage can be largely separated into two cases; one case in which users handle "keitai" like conventional small objects that existed from the past, and another case in which users try to make others around them believe that they are 'communicating with somebody in another place.' Furthermore, I administered another questionnaire, in which I asked them to select whether they would handle a "keitai" or other small objects in a public place. The result indicated that "keitai" users tend to operate their own "keitai" in order to make others around them believe that they are 'communicating with somebody in another place.' Such the way to use "keitai" can be interpreted as the users occasionally operate "keitai" like 'wearing' Multi-Contextuality. It should be considered that the usage fairly affect our face-to-face communication today.

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10486833

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study considers 'looking at "keitai" (mobile phone) displays', a behavior that has become commonplace. "Keitai" are used not only as portable communication devices that can be taken outside, but also as private communication lines. For this reason, "keitai" are used in various places such the home where traditional communication lines might be available. In many situations, people may spontaneously want to look at their "keitai" displays even when they are not expecting a call. To understand this behavior, I administered two questionnaires to university and graduate school students. Respondents answered with free descriptions in the first questionnaire and with quantitative answers in the second questionnaire. The result of the first questionnaire suggests that people use their "keitai" in a variety of ways in many different situations and non-verbally express their feelings and attitudes through their behavior of looking at "keitai" displays. The result of the second questionnaire suggests that "keitai" usage depends on situational factors such as physical distance from others, line of sight of others and the user's gender. From these results, it can be surmised that lookine at "keitai" disnlavs is snreadins as a new form of non-verbal communication.

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10486787

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PION LTD  

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