Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Elderly people are more likely to have the proximal femur fractures because of osteoporosis and so on, even with a slight external force due to a fall. Intertrochanteric fractures, which is one of the proximal femur fractures, have a wide variety of fracture patterns. A suitable treatment is required for each fracture pattern. To investigate the relationship between fall situation and fracture pattern leads to understand these fracture conditions and is important for early recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability of the intertrochanteric fracture pattern using dynamic FE analyses in consideration of failure of bone element. As a result of the analysis, the fracture pattern of the intertrochanteric area of the femur similar to that of Type I, 3-part A of the 3DCT classification was obtained.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2021.58.d032

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：金原出版(株)  

＜文献概要＞骨頭外反型や転子貫通骨折と呼称される特殊な転子部骨折がある。その特徴は大転子と小転子の頂部を結ぶ骨折線を認め,通常の転子部骨折に認められる転子間窩の骨折を認めないことである。5年間に手術を行った転子部骨折267例中2例に本骨折を認めた。本骨折の3D-CTを破壊力学的に検討した。通常の転子部骨折では転倒し大転子部を強打すると,転子間窩外側部に圧縮応力が集中し骨折が発生する。ほぼ同時に頸部基部前内側部付近が引張応力により骨折していくと考えられる。本骨折では良好な骨質で大転子部に大きな衝撃負荷が加わると,頸部基部前内側部に引張応力により骨折が発生する。この骨折は,引張応力が集中する突出部(後方は小転子頂部から転子間稜,前方は転子間線)に沿って裂けていき,大転子頂部に達したと考えられる。衝撃的負荷による引張応力によって発生し完成された骨折であり,圧縮応力による転子間窩の骨折は発生しなかったと考えられる。

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

The calcaneus, the heel bone at the foot, is one of the most important bones for weight bearing. This bone supports almost the entire weight of the body when it contacts on the ground. Younger people suffer calcaneus fractures due to larger external forces such as a fall form a height or an accident while driving. However, calcaneus fracture in the elderly are often suffered by small external forces. Calcaneus fracture in the elderly have increased in recent years. For the proper treatment of calcaneus fractures, it is important to understand the fracture mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk of fracture of the calcaneus by performing FE analysis. A finite element (FE) model of the calcaneus was constructed based on CT images of the foot, and FE analysis was performed under three load conditions.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2020.j02116

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本臨床バイオメカニクス学会  

転子下骨折の治療において、適切な髄内釘インプラントの長さを選択するためには、骨折治療への影響を力学的・臨床的の双方から検討を行う必要がある。本研究では、転子下骨折の骨折部固定性について、髄内釘インプラントの長さによる影響を有限要素(FE)解析によって比較検討することを目的とした。転子下骨折の一分類手法であるSeinsheimer分類のType II A、II BおよびII Cに基づいた3種類の骨折モデルを対象とし、髄内釘が埋植された転子下骨折FEモデルをそれぞれ構築した。髄内釘インプラントには異なる長さをもつロング型、ミドル型、ショート型の3種類を使用した。解析の結果、仮骨部に生じる圧縮応力領域が広範囲であることによる骨髄合促進や、応力遮蔽の抑制への期待、さらに侵襲性の観点からミドル型の髄内釘インプラントの有効性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2019&ichushi_jid=J05471&link_issn=&doc_id=20191009100008&doc_link_id=%2Fcx9biomc%2F2019%2F004000%2F009%2F0045-0052%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fcx9biomc%2F2019%2F004000%2F009%2F0045-0052%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmebio.2019.32.2e33

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2019.56.D014

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<p>Intramedullary nail fixation is one of the useful treatments for subtrochanteric fracture. In many cases, long type of intramedullary nail is applied to treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. A middle intramedullary nail, which has an intermediate length between long type and short type, was developed because of the viewpoint of minimally invasive. It is important to examine biomechanical influences on length and diameter of the intramedullary nail systems subjected to various loads. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of length and diameter of intramedullary nail for subtrochanteric fracture models with Seinsheimer classification IIB using finite element analysis (FEA). Four types of intramedullary nail were considered: nail diameter 10mm and 12mm in long type, and nail diameter 10mm and 12mm in middle type. Subtrochanteric fracture finite element (FE) models with fracture type IIB that each nail was implanted were developed. A 1-mm-thick callus layer was set in the gap between bone fragments of the femur. As a result of FE analysis, the effectiveness of nail diameter increase was indicated from the viewpoint of bone union.</p>

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2019.J02328P

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<p>Para Ice Hockey is an adaptive form of ice hockey used for athletes who have a disability which could be from limb loss, spinal cord injury, or a condition such as cerebral palsy. Athletes use a special sled called a 'sledge' to play Para Ice Hockey. Because Para Ice Hockey is a very physical sport, a sledge needs strength and stiffness. Foreign-made sledge is heavy and bad handling for Japanese athletes so there is a necessity of their weight saving. Therefore, Mg alloy sledge was manufactured because of weight saving. However, there were some problems about strength and stiffness for Mg alloy sledge. The purpose of this study is to evaluate strength of frame shape for Mg alloy sledge using finite element (FE) analysis. Based on the drawing, CAD models of Mg alloy prototype sledge were created, and their FE models were constructed. From FEA result on frontal impact, several high stress values were found in the sledge frame.</p>

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2019.J02330P

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmetsd.2019.g190416

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.J0270202

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.J0270404

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2018.55.K024

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<p>Intramedullary nail fixation is one of the useful treatments for subtrochanteric fracture. The intramedullary nail used is selected from two types, long type and short type. In many cases, long intramedullary nail is applied to treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. However, there is discussion on application of long intramedullary nail from the viewpoint of minimally invasive. A middle intramedullary nail, which has an intermediate length between long type and short type, was developed. It is essential to conduct biomechanical investigations of the intramedullary nail systems subjected to various loads. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of length of intramedullary nail for subtrochanteric fracture models with Seinsheimer classification IIB. Three types of intramedullary nail were considered: long type, middle type, and short type. Subtrochanteric fracture finite element (FE) models, which included the femoral fracture of Seinsheimer classification IIB and the intramedullary nail system, were developed. A 1-mm-thick callus layer was set in the gap between bone fragments of the femur. As a result of FE analysis, the effectiveness of middle intramedullary nail was indicated from the viewpoint of bone union and invasiveness.</p>

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.J0270201

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2018.55.K023

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1B08

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2017.54.D031

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmehs.2017.54.D032

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2017.J0250102

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC  

One of the major research focuses in the field of gene therapy is the development of clinically applicable, safe, and effective gene-delivery methods. Since the first case of human gene therapy was performed in 1990, a number of gene-delivery methods have been developed, evaluated for efficacy and safety, and modified for human application. To date, viral-vector-mediated deliveries have shown effective therapeutic results. However, the risk of lethal immune response and carcinogenesis have been reported, and it is still controversial to be applied as a standard therapeutic option. On the other hand, delivery methods for non-viral vector systems have been developed, extensively studied, and utilized in in vivo gene-transfer studies. Compared to viral-vector mediated gene transfer, nonviral systems have less risk of biological reactions. However, the lower gene-transfer efficiency was a critical hurdle for applying them to human gene therapy. Among a number of nonviral vector systems, our studies focus on hydrodynamic gene delivery to utilize physical force to deliver naked DNA into the cells in the living animals. This method achieves a high gene-transfer level by DNA solution injections into the tail vein of rodents, especially in the liver. With the development of genome editing methods, in vivo gene-transfer therapy using this method is currently the focus in this research field. This review explains the method principle, efficiency, safety, and procedural modifications to achieve a high level of reproducibility in large-animal models.

DOI： 10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8862

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本臨床バイオメカニクス学会  

大腿骨転子下骨折に対する髄内釘法の適用では骨癒合のための整復位を保持することが難しく、固定力を高める目的でプレートが併用される。再手術に至った臨床例に基づいて構築した解析モデルに有限要素法によるシミュレーション解析を適用した。解析対象は60歳男性で、左大腿骨転子下骨折に髄内釘固定法を適用したが、偽関節およびインプラント破損に至り、新たな髄内釘とプレート固定併用により骨癒合が得られた。再術後CT画像を基に表面形状モデルを作成した。さらに3DCADソフトウェアを用いて大腿骨、髄内釘、プレート、スクリューのCADモデルを作成した。大腿骨転子下骨折治療における髄内釘インプラントの力学的状態と、プレート併用の影響を生体力学的に評価したところ、髄内釘固定治療におけるプレート追加の有用性が示された。骨折治療期間における繰り返し歩行荷重により、髄内釘インプラントの疲労破壊が生じる危険性も示唆された。

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本臨床バイオメカニクス学会  

高齢患者の多発骨盤骨折内固定における骨盤傾斜の影響について検討した。骨盤の両側骨折を受傷し、内固定術により骨折部をプレートとスクリューで固定した75歳女性の臨床データを解析対象とした。骨盤患部の術後X線CT画像を基に、骨盤、プレートおよびスクリューそれぞれの三次元形状モデルを作成した。その結果、骨盤姿勢の後傾により、骨盤への負荷は増加傾向を示した。骨盤後傾姿勢では、インプラントへの負荷は増加傾向にあり、破損の危険性が高まることが示唆された。

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本臨床バイオメカニクス学会  

大腿骨ステム境界面におけるすべり量とステム長の関係について検討した。標準型セメントレスステムの人工股関節置換術(THA)を施行した10例(全例女性、平均67.0±6.3歳)を解析対象とした。THAの術前および術後にCT撮影を行った。術前および術後のCTスライス画像から、三次元画像再構築ソフトを用いて、大腿骨およびステムそれぞれの表面形状モデルを構築した。大腿骨の有限要素(FE)モデルには、術前CT画像から構築した大腿骨モデルとステムCADモデルをFEモデル構築に使用した。ステム長が50〜100%までの短縮化ならば初期固定性への影響は少なかった。ステム長の短縮化が30〜40%にかけては初期固定性が著しく低下した。

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely applied in regenerative therapy due to its high concentration of growth factors. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have provided evidence supporting the angiogenic activity of PRP. To more directly demonstrate how PRP acts on endothelial cells, we examined the PRP-induced changes in the motility of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by examining the involvement of VEGF. Time-lapse quantitative imaging demonstrated that in the initial phase (approximate to 2 h) of treatment, PRP substantially stimulated cell migration in a wound-healing assay. However, this effect of PRP was not sustained at significant levels beyond the initial phase. The average net distance of cell migration at 10 h was 0.45 +/- 0.16 mm and 0.82 +/- 0.23 mm in control and PRP-stimulated cells, respectively. This effect was also demonstrated with recombinant human VEGF and was significantly attenuated by a neutralizing anti-VEGF antibody. Immunofluorescent examination of paxillin and actin fibers demonstrated that PRP concomitantly up-regulated focal adhesion and cytoskeletal formation. Western blotting analysis of phosphorylated VEGFR2 demonstrated that PRP mainly stimulated the phosphorylation of immature VEGFR2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, an action that was completely blocked by the neutralizing antibody. Taken together, these data suggest that PRP acts directly on endothelial cells via the activation of VEGFR2 to transiently up-regulate their motility. Thus, the possibility that PRP desensitizes target endothelial cells for a relatively long period of time after short-term activation should be considered when the controlled release system of PRP components is designed. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/cm.21221

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

An atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) treatment was recently reported to render titanium (Ti) surfaces more suitable for osteoblastic cell proliferation and osteogenesis. However, the mechanism of action remains to be clearly demonstrated. In this study, we focused on cell adhesion and examined the effects of the APP treatment on the initial responses of human prenatal-derived osteoblastic cells incubated on chemically polished commercially pure Ti (CP-cpTi) plates. In the medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum, the initial cell adhesion and the actin polymerization were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. The expression of cell adhesion-related molecules and osteoblast markers at the messenger RNA level was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Although the cells on the APP-treated CP-cpTi surface developed fewer cytoskeletal actin fibers, they attached with higher affinity and consequently proliferated more actively (1.46-fold over control at 72 h). However, most of the cell adhesion molecule genes were significantly downregulated (from 40 to 85% of control) in the cells incubated on the APP-treated CP-cpTi surface at 24 h. Similarly, the osteoblast marker genes were significantly downregulated (from 49 to 63% of control) at 72 h. However, the osteoblast marker genes were drastically upregulated (from 197 to 296% of control) in these cells by dexamethasone and beta-glycerophosphate treatment. These findings suggest that the APP treatment improves the ability of the CP-cpTi surface to support osteoblastic proliferation by enhancing the initial cell adhesion and supports osteoblastic differentiation when immature osteoblasts begin the differentiation process. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/jbm.b.33114

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The development of a safe and reproducible gene delivery system is an essential step toward the clinical application of the hydrodynamic gene delivery (HGD) method. For this purpose, we have developed a novel electric power-driven injection system called the HydroJector-EM, which can replicate various time-pressure curves preloaded into the computer program before injection. The assessment of the reproducibility and safety of gene delivery system in vitro and in vivo demonstrated the precise replication of intravascular time-pressure curves and the reproducibility of gene delivery efficiency. The highest level of luciferase expression (272 pg luciferase per mg of proteins) was achieved safely using the time-pressure curve, which reaches 30 mm Hg in 10 s among various curves tested. Using this curve, the sustained expression of a therapeutic level of human factor IX protein (&gt
500 ng ml-1) was maintained for 2 months after the HGD of the pBS-HCRHP-FIXIA plasmid. Other than a transient increase in liver enzymes that recovered in a few days, no adverse events were seen in rats. These results confirm the effectiveness of the HydroJector-EM for reproducible gene delivery and demonstrate that long-term therapeutic gene expression can be achieved by automatic computer-controlled hydrodynamic injection that can be performed by anyone. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited.

DOI： 10.1038/gt.2013.2

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Society of Life Support Engineering  

We have been developing a novel capacitance type force sensor that enables simultaneous measurement of a torque around the vertical axis as well as normal and two orthogonal shear forces on the skin surface. In our previous research, the prototype sensors were made and authenticated the potency. Prototype sensors are parallel plate type collocated a dielectric between two circuits. We have planned to use an approximated displacement-capacitance characteristic curve when we estimate an output force. Therefore, this paper reports about an ideal approximation of the curve and several applications, such as surgical robot and nursing-care system.

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.23.116

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2012056612

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DOI： 10.11551/jsjd.29.485

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2011124281

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In late years, the patient load of chronic respiratory failure disease, such as a Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) increaseschronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), is increasing. For the patient, in whom such condition is comparatively serious, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) may be prescribed. Since this disposal method uses a nasal mask, a patient is treated non-invasively. Although, It is reported that skin obstacles arise, such as a pressure necrosis and compression gangrene, by the reason the mask pressed the face.<BR>Consequentially, it was created that the finite element model of the face portion based on a human body slice picture, and the stress which acts on the contact area of a nasal mask was calculated. And, It turned out that a nasal mask suitable for the form of an individual face is required, in order to reduce a skin obstacle.

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.21.70

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2009283320

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本整形外科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

When the relationship between the dimensions of the crural area and those of the artificial leg socket is poor, it may cause problems, such as pressure sores in the crural area. This study discusses the mechanical characteristics at artificial leg socket interfaces. A computer-aided design (CAD) model of the crural area was constructed from ultrasonic three-dimensional measurements of a crural model, and a personalized CAD model of the crural area was constructed using a free-form deformation technique. Next, a finite element (FE) model of an artificial leg socket constructed using a preliminary design was synthesized as the leg model. Then, the mechanical behavior at the interface between the crural model and artificial leg socket was investigated using finite element method (FEM) analysis. When the socket was adjusted to the leg, the Von Mises stress at the bottom of the socket decreased. This also had the effect of holding the socket stably.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.75.1725

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

The number of patients with chronic respiratory deficiency, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS), is increasing. For patients with comparatively serious symptoms, the Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) may be prescribed. However, pressure necrosis or anaclisis could affect treatment by occurring at the contact area of nasal mask. In response to this problem, the construction of a simulation environment can be applied. The system consists of leaser measurement technology and ultrasonic and the Free Form Deformation (FFD) technique. The shape of the face is measured by laser technology, while ultrasonic technology is used to measure he shape of soft tissue and bone. This personal simulation model was created based on these measurement results and the interpolation results using the FFD. A fundamental numerical analysis was performed, and Von Mises stress distribution was shown when the NPPV nasal mask made contact with the face. This also compared with the actually measured results. In conclusion, the finite element model made by the proposed system can reproduce the actual stress state. By using this system, the shape of a nasal mask suitable for each patient can be determined.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.75.1026

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Thorax plays a crucial role in shielding internal organs from external loads. To establish a rational safety criterion for traffic accidents, it is important that we understand the mechanical behaviors of the thorax. We studied the response of thorax to impact experimentally. The purpose of this study is to understand the characterization of thoracic structure from measurement parameters by impact test. The specimen used was porcine thorax, the size of which was approximately equal to human thorax, after removing the internal organs. Using original test apparatus, the specimen was subjected to low energy impact and a sensitivity study was conducted to explore various parameters, including the response to the impact load, strain on each rib, and the acceleration and displacement in the thorax. Comparison of impact locations (front, back, and lateral) showed characteristic variations among the results. A frontal impact produced large acceleration and displacement. Therefore, it could be expected to stress the internal organs directly. In the case of an impact from behind, the impact response load was higher and the deformation of thorax was remarkably small. It appeared that the thoracic resists backward impact, and provides protection of internal organs. In lateral impact, the concentrated load tends to occur in the ribs, and the rib strain was high. Hence, the rib parts were prone to fracture, and the internal organs were subject to increased risk of secondary damages of the bone fracture due to bone sticking organs. In conjunction with the impact tests, static compressive tests were conducted. The deformation behavior of the thorax is grossly affected by the constraints of the binding of ligaments connecting bones. Therefore, this structure provides smooth elasticity by transforming the whole structure when a load is applied to the thoracic parts. This provided confirmation of the structural characteristics that were obvious in impact testing. This is the first time that attention has been paid to the thoracic structure and its deformation behavior has been investigated. The response of thoracic structures to external loads requires further research. © 2008, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1299/jbse.3.468

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本機械学会  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjsm.2008.9.0_23

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

In this study, we developed the ultrasonic arthroscope, which can measure 3-dimesional position of the site of the disease, by using the 3-dimensional magnetic sensor. We measured the ultrasonic echo from articular cartilage upon which the enzyme acts. Then, wavelet transform was used to evaluate the articular cartilage. The result of this study showed that the echo amplitude is affected by enzyme processing time. And, the frequency domain from 12 to 17MHz disappeared.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2007.5.0_143

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

This paper is a study on the development of a haptic sensor system for robot surgery. The haptic sensor was manufactured by way of trial, which was consisted of rubber sensor and terete device. The terete device was allocated as hound's tooth check, for the purpose of estimation of normal load and traction load. Integral part of the tactile sensor system is the sensor itself i.e. the part of the system that transform the applied pressure/force in a change of resistance. The sensor output well describes the 3-dimensional distribution of force and will represent the subjective evaluations of surgeon.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2007.6.0_63

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Publisher：The Society of Life Support Engineering  

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.18.Supplement_109

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

It is well known that there is a qualitative relationship between the loads exerted on a below-knee prosthesis and the stresses exerted on the amputee's stump. In this paper, the appropriate design system is developed to determine the highly favorable socket interface. This system demonstrated that, in the future studies, the use of CAD/CAM, ultrasound measurement technique and Free Form Deformation method with Visible Human Model for FEM analysis holds promise for highly endurability of below-knee prosthesis.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2006.5.0_117

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Checking the fit between a prosthetic socket and a residual limb is important for functional prostheses. Designing a prosthetic socket using a CAD system and checking the above mentioned fit by analyzing the deformation and stress under the weight of an amputee requires a three-dimensional model of the residual limb that includes not only the surface, but also the fat, muscle and bone. An ultrasonic measurement system, including a probe that three-dimensionally measures the external surface shape and the shapes of internal tissues simultaneously was developed. The system uses wavelet analysis to define the positions of the boundaries between each tissue. A cone-shaped aluminum test object was measured using the system, which was shown to be capable of measuring radius with an error of 0.6mm and slope with an error of 6%. In addition, the lower legs were measured, and the surface, muscles and bone boundaries were defined by wavelet analysis. The results of these measurements were compared to MRI cross sectional data, and the average error for the leg surface, muscles and tibia were 1.7mm, 2.4mm and 1.9mm, respectively, for boundaries that were determined correctly.

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.17.100

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2006091552

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

The clinical results for osteosynthesis using interlocking nailing generally have been good. However, the rate of radiation injury during the detection of nail hole has been noted to be seriously high, particularly in both of orthopedists and patients. We developed the ultrasonic technique to detect the distal nail hole and to relieve the radiation injury. The qualitative results were that technical experience and careful manipulation of probe are important factors in achieving a successful result.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2005.5.0_127

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.69.2437

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：職業能力開発総合大学校能力開発研究センター  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Society of Life Support Engineering  

The Purpose of this study is to detect eye-gazing points during driving a wheelchair through the image sequence analysis of video frames. The performlances can be measured without restrictions of specific devices such as any accessories and sensors, which were put on a body. Images obtained with two video cameras allow the algorithm with two-dimensional multi resolution analysis through wavelet analysis to extract boundaries of right and left irises. Their three-dimensional positions and directions were estimated through direct linear transformation(DLT)technique. The eye-gazing point was evaluated through the relationship between the vertical vector of iris and line-of-sight. Consequently, Some preliminary results were presented to illustrate the detecting error of eye-gazing point.

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.14.2

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：職業能力開発総合大学校能力開発研究センター  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：職業能力開発総合大学校能力開発研究センター  

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmebs.2001.12.0_165

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The purpose of this study is to detect eye-gazing points during driving a wheelchair through the image sequence analysis of video frames. The performances can be measured without restrictions of specific devices such as any accesories and sensors, which were put on a body. Images obtained with three video cameras allow the algorithm to extract four feature points on a face and irises. Their three-dimensional positions were estimated through direct linear transformation (DLT) technique with magnification of a facial image through multi resolution analysis. The direction of a face was estimated via three-dimensional positions of the former, and it defined the facial coordinate. On the other hand, the eye-gazing point was evaluated through three-dimensional positions of the latter. Consequently, Some preliminary results were presented to illustrate the difference in variations with the eye-gazing point between driving a wheelchair and walking. © 2000, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.66.3406

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmebs.2000.11.0_31

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Society of Life Support Engineering  

The purpose of this study is to detect eye-gazing points during driving a wheelchair through the image sequence analysis of video frames.The performances can be measured without restrictions of specific devices such as any accessories and sensors,which were put on a body.Images obtained with three video cameras allow the algorithm to extract four feature points on a face and irises.Their three-dimensional positions were estimated through direct linear transformation(DLT)technique with magnification of a facial image through wavelet analysis.The direction of a face was estimated via three-dimensional positions the former,and it defined the facial coordinate.On the other hand,the eye-gazing point was evaluated through three-dimensional positions of the latter.Consequently,Some preliminary results were presented to illustrate the difference in variations with the eye-gazing point between driving a wheelchair and walking .

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.11.80

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Ultrasonic techniques were developed to study the characteristics for contact mechanics of an artificial hip joint. Total Hip Replacement model was used to determine contact pressure distribution on an artificial aceptabular cup subjected to compressive load ranged from 196 N to 588 N in four femur positions. The contact pressure was found to be non-uniform and reaches more than 6 MPa. It was shown that the tendency of the pressure distribution is in agreement with that obtained by the computer simulation. Some preliminary results were also presented to illustrate the effect of the direction and the magnitude of the load applied to a femoral head on the contact pressure distribution on the aceptabular cup and to evaluate the contact mechanism of the artificial hip joint.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmec.42.560

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

An ultrasonic techniques was developed to study the characteristics for contact mechanics of an artificial hip joint. Total Hip Replacement model was used to determine contact pressure distribution on an artificial aceptabular cup subjected to compressive load ranged from 196 N to 588 N in four femur positions. The contact pressure was found to be nonuniform and less than 6 MPa. It was shown that the tendency of the pressure distribution is in agreement with that obtained by the computer simulation. Some preliminary results were also presented to illustrate the effect of the direction and the magnitude of the load applied to a stem on the contact pressure distribution on the aceptabular cup and to evaluate the contact mechanism of the artificial hip joint.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaia.64.2093

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00085215993?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Society of Life Support Engineering  

An ultrasonic technique was developed to study the characteristics for contact mechanics of an artificial hip joint. Total Hip Replacement model was used to determine contact pressure distribution on an artificial aceptabular cup subjected to compressive load ranged from196N to 588N in four femur positions. The contact pressure was found to be nonuniform and less than 6MPa. It was shown that the tendency of the pressure distribution is in agreement with that obtained by the computer simulation.Some preliminary results were also presented to illustrate the effect of the direction and the magnitude of the load applied to a stem on the contact pressure distribution on the aceptabular cup and to evaluate the contact mechanism of the artificial hip joint.

DOI： 10.5136/lifesupport.10.111

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

An acoustic emission (AE) technique was developed to study the adhesional characteristics of TiN thin film deposited on SKD and SKH steel using plasma CVD technique. Pin-on-disk type wear testing machine with acoustic emission sensor was used to measure the relationship between the AE count rates monitored through the pin and the wear rate of the steel materials deposited by the thin film and to investigate the adhesional strength of the film. In addition, the applicability of the Root Mean Square (RMS) value derived from the AE signal to the evaluation of the wear and frictional properties of the steel was discussed, The experimental results showed that the relationship between the wear rate and the RMS value was significantly dependent upon the mechanical properties of the pin with a deposition of the film. The frictional coefficient derived from the interface between the pin and the disk increased slightly with an increase in the amount of indentational load applied to the pin. It may also mentioned that the present results demonstrate sufficient promise of the ability of the AE technique to be applied to the evaluation of the thin film deposited on metallic materials.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaia.62.865

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00038913440?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1299/kikaia.62.1425

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaia.61.1663

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.61.4450

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本臨床バイオメカニクス学会  

転子下骨折の治療において、適切な髄内釘インプラントの長さを選択するためには、骨折治療への影響を力学的・臨床的の双方から検討を行う必要がある。本研究では、転子下骨折の骨折部固定性について、髄内釘インプラントの長さによる影響を有限要素(FE)解析によって比較検討することを目的とした。転子下骨折の一分類手法であるSeinsheimer分類のType II A、II BおよびII Cに基づいた3種類の骨折モデルを対象とし、髄内釘が埋植された転子下骨折FEモデルをそれぞれ構築した。髄内釘インプラントには異なる長さをもつロング型、ミドル型、ショート型の3種類を使用した。解析の結果、仮骨部に生じる圧縮応力領域が広範囲であることによる骨髄合促進や、応力遮蔽の抑制への期待、さらに侵襲性の観点からミドル型の髄内釘インプラントの有効性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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The sterEOS X-ray machine is capable of a simultaneous capture of biplanar X-ray images by slot scanning of the whole body in physiological load-bearing position. The simultaneous capture of spatially calibrated anteroposterior and lateral images provides a three-dimensional (3D) surface modelling of the skeletal system using sterEOS 3D software. The relevant clinical parameters such as spinal and pelvic parameters are supposed to be measured. The aim of this study is to evaluate an accuracy of EOS measurement on spinal alignment. A phantom for X-ray imaging was used for CT scanning and sterEOS X-ray imaging. 3D surface models of a phantom were reconstructed from its CT images. The same clinical parameters measured from CT-derived 3D surface models and sterEOS 3D software were compared.

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Language：Japanese  

Length of the femoral stem is reduced to prevent loosening and to preserve bone stock for potential revision surgery. However, the influence of the stem shortening on primary stability and weight bearing is not investigated enough from a dynamic viewpoint. In the present paper, we report primary stabilities of five femoral stems with different length based on clinical Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) data. The length was based on standard type of tapered wedge-shaped cementless stem, defined as 100% of the stem length. Furthermore, comparison of femoral stems having 75%, 50%, 40% and 30% of the stem length was made. The subject was ten female patients operated for THA. Finite Element model implanted with five lengths of the femoral stem was loaded by forces representing two physiological activities: walking and stair climbing. In conclusion, when the stem length became less than 40%, the primary stability of the stem decreased. These results, suggested that excessive stem shortening had an influence on the weight bearing.

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Other Link： http://id.nii.ac.jp/1714/00000240/

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

The sterEOS X-ray machine is capable of a simultaneous capture of biplanar X-ray images by slot scanning of the whole body in physiological load-bearing position. The simultaneous capture of spatially calibrated anteroposterior and lateral images provides a three-dimensional (3D) surface modelling of the skeletal system using sterEOS 3D software. The relevant clinical parameter such as spinal and vertebral parameters are supposed to be measured. The aim of this study is to evaluate an accuracy of EOS measurement of spinal alignment. A phantom for X-ray imaging was used for CT scanning and sterEOS X-ray imaging. 3D surface models of a phantom were reconstructed from its CT images. The same clinical parameters measured from CT-derived 3D surface models and sterEOS 3D software were compared.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

For the wheelchair users, pressure distribution cushion is essential to prevent pressure ulcer. On the other hand, cushion needs to have the function of keeping sitting posture, especially for spinal cord injury, cervical cord injury or elderly persons. For this issue, we propose the cushion with a layered structure of the silicon rubber block cube. This contrivance provides both of the scattering pressure and maintaining sitting posture. The block cubes are constructed by wrapping soft silicone rubber up in the hard silicone rubber. And because of the layered structure, the cushion can be custom-made to fit the shape of the individual users' hip. In this paper, we have tried to develop custom-made silicone rubber cushion and we compared the pressure distributions when users use the silicon rubber cushion and same shape urethane cushion. Both of silicon rubber and urethane cushion have excellent enough performances of the pressure prevention. The pressure distributions by using the silicone rubber cushion haven't showed big difference according to the wheelchair tilting. These results suggest that the silicone rubber cushion has the good performance of keeping users' body posture on their wheelchair.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本整形外科学会  

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A representative surgery of scoliosis is the posterior correction and fusion using spinal fixation device. The aim of this study is to evaluate usability of minor diameter rod for spinal fixation device. Lumbar finite element (FE) models from the Ll vertebra to the L5 vertebra with segmental pedicle screw fixation were reconstructed. Four rod diameter in spinal fixation device were used. Two types of loading conditions were evaluated, including flexion and lateral bending under preload with 200N of axial compressive force on the superior surface of the Ll vertebra. The inferior end surface of the L5 vertebra was assumed to be fully constrained. As a result, it was found that von Mises stresses in the minor rod diameter of spinal fixation device were lower than the fatigue strength of titanium alloy.

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In total hip arthroplasty, the cementless femoral stem implants have been used. Initial stability of a cementless femoral stem depends on the mechanical interlocking of the stem by press-fitting into the femoral canal. The movement of the stem relative to the femur occurs when the implant is subjected to a load. The inducible movements at the implantbone interface is defined as micromotion. It has been suggested that the use of a short stemmed implant could conserve proximal femur and reduce the extent of proximal stress shielding. However, it has little reports on the primary stability of the short stemmed implant. The aim of this study is to examine the primary stability of the short stemmed implants using the finite element analysis. The finite element model of the short stemmed implant inserted into the femur with the same alignment as the standard stemmed implant was created to compare the primary stability between the short stemmed implant and the standard stemmed implant. The maximum load during walking was applied to the stem. The micromotion was examined at both the short stemmed implant and the standard stemmed implant.

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)   Publisher：化学工業社  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC TRIBOLOGISTS  

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10191/5964

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

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Fitting sockets techniques, which lower limb mainly affects prostheses, using laser measuring and CAD/CAM are approached, but skilled engineer is behooved when shapes of socket are determined. On the other hand, if stress affect on soft tissues, when the amputee fits the lower limb prosthesis can be calculated, accurate fitting operation will be facilitating. To solve these problems, the ultrasonic 3-D shape measurement system was carried out, that can measure soft tissue and bone. The echo from each soft tissue was measured to construct 3-D finite element model, and investigated extraction of the position of each echo pattern. Echo pattern were estimated through wavelet analysis, and it was shown that each boundary of soft tissue could be distinguished. Based on these echo reflection time, each thickness of soft tissue is calculated, and each coordinate value can be founded. These coordinates are reconstructed on 3-D coordinate axis of this measurement system, and we suggested the possibility of the construct of 3-D lower limb model.

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (other)   Publisher：新潟県商工労働部  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (other)   Publisher：新潟県商工労働部  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：秋田大学 手形キャンパス  

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Venue：大阪工業大学梅田キャンパス  

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Venue：京都大学・百周年時計台記念館  

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Venue：松山市総合コミュニティ―センター  

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Venue：埼玉大学  

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Venue：新潟市民プラザ  

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Venue：北海道立道民活動センター かでる  

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Venue：北海道立道民活動センター かでる  

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Venue：Toyama International Convention Center  

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Venue：Toyama International Convention Center  

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Venue：ANAクラウンプラザ金沢  

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Venue：信州大学工学部  

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Venue：東京工業大学 大岡山キャンパス  

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Venue：東京工業大学 大岡山キャンパス  

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Venue：ソラシティ カンファレンスセンター  

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Venue：Hokkaido University  

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Venue：岡山コンベンションセンター  

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Venue：San Diego Convention C  

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Venue：Tochigi-ken General Culture Center  

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Venue：東京国際フォーラム/よみうりホール  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Venue：東京国際フォーラム  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Venue：横浜国立大学  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：一橋記念講堂  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：熊本大学  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：朱鷺メッセ  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：朱鷺メッセ  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：富山県立大学  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：徳島  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：徳島  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：神奈川  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：広島大学  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：共立薬科大学  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：九州産業大学  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：新潟  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：札幌  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：名古屋  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：新潟  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：新潟  

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Applicant：国立大学法人新潟大学，外１組織

Application no：特願2007-227156  Date applied：2007.8

Announcement no：特開2009-58445  Date announced：2009.3

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Applicant：国立大学法人新潟大学，外１組織

Application no：特許出願2007-56  Date applied：2007.1

Announcement no：特許公開2008-164556  Date announced：2008.7

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Applicant：国立大学法人新潟大学，他１組織

Application no：特願2007-57  Date applied：2007.1

Announcement no：特許公開2008-164557  Date announced：2008.7

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Applicant：Niigata University

Application no：特許出願2005-77834  Date applied：2005.3

Announcement no：特許公開2006-255199  Date announced：2006.9

Patent/Registration no：特許第4304341号  Date issued：2009.5

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新潟県立教育センターが実施する教員研修モデルカリキュラム開発プログラムに於いて，理科教員に科学技術や研究開発の現場を実際に体験・研究させ、地域企業・研究所と連携して、学校現場において実習内容を活用した理科授業を展開することにより、資質能力の向上を目的とし，近年の産学連携に関わる講演を行った。

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にいがたニュービジネス協議会が主催する同研究会に参画し、産学連携の活性化に繋げる。

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