Faculty Profiles - YOSHIHARA Akihiro

高齢者[79歳から80歳]における唾液量・服用薬剤・血液情報[生化学検査]との関連 Reviewed

市川加奈, 佐久間汐子, 葭原明弘, 宮崎秀夫, 五十嵐敦子

日本老年歯科医学会総会・学術大会プログラム・抄録集 20回 140 - 140 2009.6

A longitudinal study of the relationship between diet intake and dental caries and periodontal disease in elderly Japanese subjects Reviewed

Yoshihara, Akihiro, Watanabe, Reiko, Hanada, Nobuhiro, Miyazaki, Hideo

GERODONTOLOGY 26 ( 2 ) 130 - 136 2009.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

We hypothesise that a difference in nutrition influences dental caries and periodontal disease. There are few previous studies especially longitudinal ones which have evaluated this hypothesis. This study investigated the relationship between nutritional intake, including milk and milk products (MMP), and dental disease, controlling for several confounding factors.A group of 600 subjects aged 70, randomly selected for this study, included approximately the same number of male and female subjects. The number of teeth on which root caries had occurred or where there was a periodontal event over a 6-year period was measured. To determine quantitative food intake at baseline, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used during face-to-face interviews by dieticians. The stepwise method of multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of the number of root caries or periodontal disease events during the 6 years. Intake of the six food groups includes (i) fish, shellfish, meat, beans and eggs; (ii) MMP; (iii) dark green and yellow vegetables (DYV); (iv) other vegetables and fruits; (v) cereals, nuts and seeds, sugar and sweeteners, confectioneries (CNSC) and (vi) fats and oils. The alcohol, gender and anthropometric evaluation including measurements of weight and height for the calculation of body mass index, educational level, the number of family members and the number of remaining teeth were used as independent variables.According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, two variables (quantity of MMP, and gender) were negatively associated with the number of root caries events during the 6 years. The standardised coefficients were -0.14 (p = 0.035) and -0.17 (p = 0.007) respectively. In addition, DYV were negatively, and three other variables (CNSC; alcohol; and the number of remaining teeth at baseline) were positively associated with the number of periodontal disease events during the 6 years. The standardised coefficients were -0.16 (p = 0.001), 0.11 (p = 0.042), 0.10 (p = 0.041) and 0.58 (p < 0.001) respectively.Our results suggest that the intake of MMP in this elderly population correlated with root caries events. In addition, intake of vegetables negatively correlated, and intake of 'CNSC' positively correlated with periodontal disease events.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2008.00244.x

A longitudinal study of the relationship between diet intake and dental caries and periodontal disease in elderly Japanese subjects.

Yoshihara A, Watanabe R, Hanada N, Miyazaki H

Gerodontology 26 ( 2 ) 130 - 6 2009.6

The Relationship Between Serum Lipids and Periodontitis in Elderly Non-Smokers

Aki Izumi, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshinobu Hirotomi, Hideo Miyazaki

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 80 ( 5 ) 740 - 748 2009.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

Background: There are common risk factors for periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients. Some studies reported that a low total cholesterol (TC) serum level is associated with a higher level of death in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum lipids and periodontal disease in non-smoking elderly patients.
Methods: Two hundred thirty-four non-smokers (63 males and 171 females) participated in this study. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between serum lipids and periodontitis and between serum lipids and inflammatory factors. The percentage of sites with probing depth (PD) A mm, clinical attachment level (CAL) A mm, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were used as dependent variables. TC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), gender, and the number of teeth present were included in the model as independent variables in the first analysis. TC, HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were used as dependent variables. Albumin, inorganic phosphorus, calcium, and C-reactive protein were used as independent variables in the second analysis.
Results: According to the results of the multiple linear regression analysis, TC was associated with the percentage of sites with PD A mm (P <0.01; beta = -0. 19), CAL >= 4 mm (P <0.01; beta = -0.20), and BOP (P = 0.03; beta = -0.16). HDL-C and LDL-C have a significant association with inflammatory markers and inorganic phosphorus and calcium, respectively.
Conclusion: Higher TC is associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis in non-smoking elderly patients. J Periodontol 2009;80:740-748.

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2009.080584

The Relationship Between Serum Lipids and Periodontitis in Elderly Non-Smokers Reviewed

Aki Izumi, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshinobu Hirotomi, Hideo Miyazaki

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 80 ( 5 ) 740 - 748 2009.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2009.080584

Relation of bone turnover markers to periodontal disease and jaw bone morphology in elderly Japanese subjects Reviewed

A. Yoshihara, T. Deguchi, N. Hanada, H. Miyazaki

ORAL DISEASES 15 ( 2 ) 176 - 181 2009.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation of bone turnover markers such as bone formation and resorption to periodontal disease and jaw bone morphology in elderly Japanese subjects.
We selected 148 subjects for participation in this study. All subjects were aged 77 years. The periodontal examination included the assessment of clinical attachment level (CAL). Biochemical parameters of bone turnover measured included urinary deoxypyridinoline, serum osteocalcin (S-OC), and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. In addition, to evaluate the jawbone, we used the mandibular inferior cortex classification (MIC).
Serum osteocalcin had significantly higher (males: P = 0.038, females: P = 0.041) tendency for MIC Class (ANOVA). Multiple linear regression results showed that the number of remaining teeth and S-OC were negatively associated with the percentage of sites with >= 6 mm CAL (R(2) = 0.322, P < 0.001). Coefficients and betas were -0.71, -0.46 (P < 0.001) and -1.11, -0.28 (P = 0.002), respectively.
In conclusion, this study suggests that there is a significant relation of bone turnover markers to periodontal disease and jaw bone morphology in elderly Japanese subjects.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2008.01511.x

Circulating TNF- α and oral health condition in elderly Japanese

Hideaki Hayashida, Toshiyuki Saito, Reiko Furugen, Noboru Yamaguchi, Akihiro Yoshihara, Hiroshi Ogawa, Hideo Miyazaki

Tumor Necrosis Factor 151 - 158 2009.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

© 2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Objectives The oral cavity, especially area around teeth, is a hotbed for bacteria, which compose a biofilm that becomes a significant source of continuous subclinical infection. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which is secreted from adipose tissue and developing type 2 diabetes, is also known to be secreted in periodontal inflammation. Moreover, there is a two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. We hypothesized that the circulating level of TNF-α is associated with the oral health condition, including periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum levels of TNF-α and the oral health condition in elderly Japanese people. Methods Among 418 Japanese subjects, 76 years old, who attended complete oral and general health examinations held in Niigata, Japan, in 2004, the serum TNF-α levels of 198 subjects were measured by ELISA. Among them, 76 subjects with healthy gingiva (maximum probing depth ≤ 5 mm, at least 10 teeth), 85 subjects with periodontitis (maximum probing depth ≥ 6 mm, at least 10 teeth), and 37 edentulous subjects were selected. Serum levels of TNF-α were compared among the groups using the Kruskal- Wallis test. The proportions of subjects with detectable levels of TNF-α (≥ 0.5 pg/mL) were compared by chi-square test. Results The median serum TNF-α levels in subjects with healthy gingiva, those with periodontitis, and edentulous subjects were 0.64 pg/mL (range 0-16.36), 0.72 pg/mL (range 0-4.53), and 0.00 pg/mL (range 0-1.83), respectively. The frequencies of detectable TNF-α levels were 48/76 (63.2%), 53/85 (62.4%), and 6/37 (16.2%), respectively. There were no significant differences between subjects with and without periodontitis. However, TNF-α levels and the frequency of subjects with detectable levels of TNF-α were significantly lower in edentulous subjects than in other groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion In this study of elderly Japanese, the circulating TNF-α levels were not affected by current periodontal status. However, they were significantly lower in edentulous subjects than in the other two dentate groups, suggesting that the oral cavity in elderly people with teeth could be a source of systemic subclinical inflammation, which may have negative effects on general health.

Scopus

オーラルディアドコキネスの測定法に関する研究 Reviewed

伊藤加代子, 葭原明弘, 高野尚子, 石上和男, 清田義和, 井上誠, 北原稔, 宮﨑秀夫

老年歯学 24 48 - 54 2009.1

新潟市における口腔機能向上事業の結果分析 Reviewed

金子正幸, 葭原明弘, 伊藤加代子, 高野尚子, 藤山友紀, 宮﨑秀夫

口腔衛生会誌 59 26 - 33 2009.1

地域在住高齢者に対する口腔機能向上事業の有効性 Reviewed

金子正幸, 葭原明弘, 伊藤加代子, 高野尚子, 藤山友紀, 宮崎秀夫

口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 ( 1 ) 26 - 33 2009.1

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会

平成18年度より、地域支援事業の一環として口腔機能向上事業が実施されている。本調査の目的は、口腔機能向上事業が高齢者の口腔の健康維持・増進に与える効果を検討し、今後の事業展開のための指針を得ることである。対象者は65歳以上の高齢者で、基本健康診査を受診し、厚生労働省が示す特定高齢者の選定に用いる基本チェックリストの「半年前に比べて固い物が食べにくくなりましたか」「お茶や汁物等でむせることがありますか」「口の渇きが気になりますか」の3項目すべてに該当する55名である。対象者に対して、口腔衛生指導や集団訓練としての機能的口腔ケアからなる口腔機能向上事業を、4回または6回コースとして3ヵ月間実施した。口腔衛生状態、口腔機能およびQOLについて事業前後の評価を行った。その結果、反復唾液嚥下テスト(RSST)積算時間は、1回目:事前7.5±5.6秒、事後5.6±3.1秒、2回目:事前16.2±9.7秒、事後12.4±6.9秒、3回目:事前25.7±14.7秒、事後19.4±10.9秒と改善がみられ、2回目、3回目について、その差は統計学的に有意であった(p<0.01)。口腔機能についてはその他のすべての項目について、統計学的に有意な改善がみられた。本調査より、新潟市における口腔機能向上事業は、高齢者の摂食・嚥下機能をはじめとした口腔機能の維持・増進に有効であることが認められた。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.59.1_26

70歳地域在住高齢者の歯の喪失リスク要因に関する研究－５年間のコホート調査結果－ Reviewed

近藤隆子, 葭原明弘, 清田義和, 宮﨑秀夫

日本口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 198 - 206 2009

Physical Function Is Weakly Associated with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene I/D Polymorphism in Elderly Japanese Subjects Reviewed

A. Yoshihara, T. Tobina, T. Yamaga, M. Ayabe, Y. Yoshitake, Y. Kimura, M. Shimada, M. Nishimuta, N. Nakagawa, M. Ohashi, N. Hanada, H. Tanaka, A. Kiyonaga, H. Miyazaki

GERONTOLOGY 55 ( 4 ) 387 - 392 2009

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：KARGER

Background: The turning point in the deterioration of physical function seems to occur between the ages of 70 and 80 years. In particular, muscle strength may decline even more in subjects older than 75. A recent study found that the angio-tens in converting enzyme (ACE) genotype also affects physiological left ventricular hypertrophy. A very limited number of papers have examined genetic differences in resistance and endurance forms of a single sporting discipline. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ACE genotype and physical function by controlling the known confounding factors including dental status. Methods: We selected 431 subjects who were aged 76 years and did not require special care for their daily activities. We conducted a medical examination, followed by 5 physical function tests, as follows: (1) maximum hand grip strength, (2) maximal isometric knee extensor strength, (3) maximal stepping rate for 10 s, (4) one-leg standing time with eyes open and (5) 10-meter maximum walking speed. Subjects were genotyped for the ACE intron 16 Alu insertion. In addition, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, total protein, IgA and IgG were measured at a commercial laboratory. The Eichner index was used as an indicator of occlusal condition. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and physical function considering confounding factors. Results: The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was positively associated with hand grip strength and 10-meter maximum walking speed. Betas of hand grip strength were 0.09 for I/D (p = 0.022) and 0.12 for insertion/insertion (I/I; p = 0.004). Betas of 10-meter walking speed were -0.11 for I/D (p = 0.093) and -0.14 for I/I (p = 0.039). Dental status such as Eichner index class C was significantly associated with one-leg standing time with eyes open (beta -0.11; p = 0.028). Conclusion: This study suggests that there is a significant relationship between ACE genotype and physical function. In particular, subjects with the ACE deletion/deletion genotype were associated with upper extremities. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel

DOI： 10.1159/000222429

オーラルディアドコキネスの測定法に関する研究 Reviewed

伊藤加代子, 葭原明弘, 高野尚子, 石上和男, 清田義和, 井上誠, 北原稔, 宮﨑秀夫

老年歯科医学会雑誌 24 48 - 54 2009

Factors Affecting the Satisfaction of Elderly Denture Wearers Reviewed

KON Haruka, SATOH Naoko, NOMURA Shuichi, SAKURAI Naoki, TANAKA Mikako, HOSOGAI Akiko, YAMADA Kazuho, KINJOH Atsushi, KAI Asako, YAMASHITA Emi, KANEKO Atsuro, MAGARA Zin, KOBAYASHI Hiroshi, MIYAZAKI Hideo, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, KOHNO Shoji

Annals of Japan Prosthodontic Society 1 ( 4 ) 361 - 369 2009

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Prosthodontic Society

Purpose: This study aimed to define the relationship between satisfaction of wearing denture and three factors ("easy to chew", "retention in chewing", "absence of pain"), as well as the missing teeth pattern with Miyachi classification, the chewing ability. Methods: A total of 256 subjects (born in 1927) living in Niigata city, Japan who had answered a questionnaire survey in 2007 on the relationship between oral health and health status were selected for this study. Satisfaction with dentures and three factors ("easy to chew", "retention in chewing", and "absence of pain") were evaluated with the VAS score. This study also investigated grouping the pattern of missing teeth based on the Miyachi classification. In addition, a questionnaire was conducted to investigate whether the elderly people could chew around 15 different food items or not. Result: It was clearly shown that satisfaction with dentures was correlated with the three points of chewing easily, stability, and pain-free among elderly people. However, none of the three points showed a far stronger correlation than the others. The results also showed that there was no relation between the missing teeth pattern classified with the Miyachi classification and satisfaction with dentures. The results of the questionnaire revealed that the number of food items taken by the elderly people was significantly lower in the group not satisfied with dentures than the other groups (Excellent, good, poorly satisfaction group). Conclusion: It was confirmed that chewing easily, stability and pain-free enhance satisfaction with dentures. However, satisfaction with dentures was not ascribed to the pattern of missing teeth; accordingly, we consider that we can keep elderly people satisfied by fabricating good dentures and performing appropriate adjustments regardless of difficult patterns of missing teeth.

DOI： 10.2186/ajps.1.361

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CiNii Books

Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2010031506

Association between serum calcium and periodontal disease progression in non-institutionalized elderly Reviewed

Najith Amarasena, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshinobu Hirotomi, Naoko Takano, Hideo Miyazaki

GERODONTOLOGY 25 ( 4 ) 245 - 250 2008.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

To assess the effect of baseline serum calcium on the progression of periodontal disease in non-institutionalized elderly.
Although a few studies have found some evidence of the role played by dietary calcium in periodontal disease process, there is a paucity of information pertinent to longitudinal assessment of serum calcium-periodontal relationships.
Clinical attachment levels of 266 Japanese subjects aged 70 years were recorded at baseline and annually for six consecutive years. Progression of periodontal disease (PPD) was defined as the number of teeth that showed additional attachment loss of >= 3 mm during the 6 years. The number of PPD was calculated for each subject and categorised into four levels, namely, PPD(0), PPD(1), PPD(2) and PPD(3) where the number of teeth with additional attachment loss ranged from 0, 1-10, 11-20 and > 20 respectively. The levels of serum calcium, albumin, random blood sugar, immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM), gender, smoking habits, education, gingival bleeding and the number of teeth present were obtained at baseline.
Serum calcium, IgA, smoking, gingival bleeding and teeth present were associated with PPD at p <= 0.10 and were included in a multinomial logistic regression analysis. Serum calcium was the only variable that was significantly associated with PPD with relative risks of 100 at PPD(1) and PPD(2), respectively, and 1000 at PPD(3).
Serum calcium may be considered a risk factor for periodontal disease progression in non-institutionalized elderly.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2007.00211.x

Association between serum calcium and periodontal disease progression in non-institutionalized elderly

Najith Amarasena, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshinobu Hirotomi, Naoko Takano, Hideo Miyazaki

GERODONTOLOGY 25 ( 4 ) 245 - 250 2008.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

DOI： 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2007.00211.x

Salivary spinability and periodontal disease progression in an elderly population Reviewed

T. Hirotomi, A. Yoshihara, H. Ogawa, K. Ito, A. Igarashi, H. Miyazaki

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 53 ( 11 ) 1071 - 1076 2008.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objective: To explore the relationship between the spinability of stimulated whole saliva and periodontal disease progression over 12 months in an elderly population.
Methods: Three hundred and thirty-two subjects aged 76 years at baseline were studied. Attachment loss was calculated on a site-by-site basis, and periodontal disease progression was defined as an attachment loss of >= 3 mm. Stimulated whole saliva was collected and salivary spinability (SS) was measured. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between periodontal disease progression and SS after controlling for other covariates. The independent variables were selected from those which had significant relationships with disease progression in the bivariate analyses.
Results: Mean SS was 1.94 +/- 0.42 min in males and 1.88 +/- 0.32 mm in females; this difference was not significant. Simple linear regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between periodontal disease progression and SS (P = 0.026), whereas there was no significant relationship between periodontal disease progression and salivary flow rate. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between periodontal disease progression and SS (P = 0.024) after controlling for the number of remaining teeth and baseline periodontal conditions. The model explained 15.5% of the variance in the percentage of sites where the disease had progressed.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that elderly subjects with viscous saliva are prone to periodontal disease progression. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.05.009

Role of Activated Natural Killer Cells in Oral Diseases

Yuji Kamoda, Hiroshi Uematsu, Akihiro Yoshihara, Hideo Miyazaki, Hidenobu Senpuku

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 61 ( 6 ) 469 - 474 2008.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Many of the protective immune responses of old people are impaired and this leads to an increased risk of oral bacterial infections. Little is known about the interaction between the systemic immune response on one hand and oral infections and oral diseases on the other. Here, we conducted an epidemiological study of the independent elderly to determine the relationships between activated natural killer (NK) cells and oral bacterial infections: oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease. One hundred independent elderly people aged 77 years old (53 males, 47 females) were examined. Blood samples were drawn, and activated NK cells were evaluated using CD16, CD56, and CD69 monoclonal antibodies with flow cytometry. Bacterial counts for oral streptococci, lactobacillus, and opportunistic pathogens were performed using culture techniques. Oral disease examinations were performed by dentists. A larger percentage of CD69(+)NK cells (CD16(+)CD56(+)) showed significant correlations to the isolation numbers of total streptococci (r = 0.409, P < 0.01), the species numbers of opportunistic pathogens (r = -0.318, P < 0.01), die numbers of decayed teeth (r = -0.223, P < 0.05), and the amount of bridge work (r = 0.219, P < 0.05). A higher proportion of CD69(+)NK cells is associated with the incidence of dental caries and the number of opportunistic pathogens and total streptococci in the oral cavity of the elderly. This suggests that the proportionate number of CD69(+)NK cells may be a useful indicator for oral infection in elderly subjects.

The relationship between periodontal condition and serum levels of resistin and adiponectin in elderly Japanese Reviewed

R. Furugen, H. Hayashida, N. Yamaguchi, A. Yoshihara, H. Ogawa, H. Miyazaki, T. Saito

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH 43 ( 5 ) 556 - 562 2008.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

Background and Objective: Diabetes and periodontitis are associated with each other. Adipokines, specifically adiponectin and resistin, are secreted from adipocytes and are thought to cause insulin resistance in rodents. Additionally, adiponectin and resistin may play a role in inflammation and immune responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between serum levels of adipokines and periodontal conditions in elderly Japanese people with and without periodontitis.
Material and Methods: A total of 158 Japanese men and women (76 years old) with or without periodontitis were selected for the study. Serum adiponectin, resistin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentrations were compared between subjects with and without periodontitis.
Results: Serum resistin levels and total leukocyte counts in subjects with periodontitis were higher than in control subjects. No significant differences were observed in adiponectin, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels between subjects with and without periodontitis. Logistic regression analysis showed that periodontitis with at least one tooth that displayed a probing pocket depth of >= 6 mm was significantly associated with higher serum resistin levels (odds ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-4.0). When excluding periodontitis subjects with <= 10% of bleeding on probing and excluding control subjects with > 10% bleeding on probing, differences between groups and odds ratio increased. Serum adiponectin tended to decrease in patients with periodontitis, albeit not significantly.
Conclusion: Increased serum resistin levels were significantly associated with periodontal condition, especially when considering bleeding on probing, in elderly Japanese people. There was also a trend, though non-significant, toward decreased levels of adiponectin in subjects with periodontitis.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01085.x