Faculty Profiles - YOSHIHARA Akihiro

Papers - YOSHIHARA Akihiro

Division display 341 - 360 of about 365 ／ All the affair displays >>

Two-year Cohort Study on Risk Predictors for Tooth Loss in Residing in the Community 70-year-old Subjects Reviewed

SEIDA Yoshikazu, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, ANDO Yuichi, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 52 ( 5 ) 663 - 671 2002.12

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

This study investigated the two-year incidence of tooth loss to identify risk predictors for tooth loss in 70-year-old subjects residing in the community. We obtained baseline (1998) and two-year follow-up (2000) data from 402 dentate subjects living in Niigata City. The follow-up rate was 72.6%. To identify risk predictors for tooth loss, variables denoting oral health status and general health status, were obtained using a questionnaire and by performing examinations and blood investigations at the baseline, were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall, 30.8% of subjects lost one or more teeth with in 2 years after the index year. The mean number of missing teeth per year was 0.27. Tooth loss was frequently observed in this population, however, the distribution of the number of teeth lost was highly skewed. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was greater in persons with BMI (Body mass index)≧24, IgG (Serum immunogloblin)≧1,901 mg/dl, impaired daily physical activities, percentages of sites of LA (Loss of attachment) 6+mm≧4%, nine or more crown restorations and one or more root decayed teeth. The findings from this study suggest that general health status contributes to tooth loss in elderly people, in addition to oral diseases such as root caries and severe periodontal conditions.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.52.5_663

Longitudinal study on periodontal conditions in healthy elderly people in Japan

T Hirotomi, A Yoshihara, M Yano, Y Ando, H Miyazaki

COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 30 ( 6 ) 409 - 417 2002.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD

Objectives: A strategy for the control of periodontal disease progression is required to prevent tooth loss in older people. However, detailed epidemiological data on periodontal conditions in elderly people is limited. The purpose of the present study is to describe the natural history of periodontal disease and to evaluate the intraoral factors relating to the disease progression in systemically healthy elderly people. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 599 and 162 subjects aged 70 and 80 years, respectively, were examined. Of those subjects aged 70 years, 436 (73%) participated in the 2-year longitudinal study. Pocket depth (PD) and attachment level (AL) were measured for all functioning teeth at six sites per tooth. In the cross-sectional study, AL of 4 mm or greater and 7 mm or greater were defined as moderate and severe disease, respectively. In the longitudinal study, a change in AL of 3 mm or greater at each site was defined as periodontal disease progression. Results: In the cross-sectional study, 97.1% of the subjects had at least one site of AL of 4 mm or greater (4 + mm). The prevalence of AL of 7 mm or greater (7 + mm) was 47.9%, with 2.8 affected teeth per person in those with AL 7 + mm. These findings reveal that periodontal disease is extremely widespread in the elderly population. However, very few had many teeth with severe periodontal conditions. In the longitudinal study, 75.1% experienced attachment loss of 3 mm or greater (3+ mm) during the 2-year study period. Of those subjects who experienced attachment loss, a mean of 4.7 teeth exhibited attachment loss. Multivariate logistic regression showed that both the highest AL in each tooth at baseline and abutment teeth for removable partial dentures were significantly related to periodontal disease progression as well as tooth loss incidence. Conclusions: These results suggest that teeth with poor periodontal conditions as well as abutment teeth for removable partial dentures were significant intraoral factors relating to periodontal disease progression as well as tooth loss.

DOI： 10.1034/j.1600-0528.2002.00005.x

Relationship between dental occlusion and physical fitness in an elderly population

T Yamaga, A Yoshihara, Y Ando, Y Yoshitake, Y Kimura, M Shimada, M Nishimuta, H Miyazaki

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 57 ( 9 ) M616 - M620 2002.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER

Background. The relationship between physical Fitness and dental health status in elderly adults is still unknown. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between physical fitness and occlusal condition of natural teeth in the elderly population. The sample consisted of 591 individuals aged 70 Years and 158 aged 80 years selected from the registry of residents in Niigata city.
Methods. Hand grip strength (kg). leg extensor strength (kg). leg extensor power (watts), stepping rate (time per 10 seconds), and one-leg standing time with eyes open (seconds) were measured, The Eichner index A as Used its it measurement of occlusal condition. It was based on existing natural tooth contacts between maxilla and mandible in the bilateral premolar and molar regions and determined the three groups of classification used, In comparing physical fitness with Eichner index, multiple regression models were developed to adjust for variables such as age, gender, height, body weight, past medical history, blood pressure. ser-urn albumin concentration, presence ofloAcr hack pain. smoking habit, marital status, and education.
Results. Multiple regression analyses revealed that leg extensor power (R-2 = .627, p < .05), stepping rate (R-2 = .159. p < .05). and one-leg standing time with eyes open (R-2 = .179, p < .05) showed significant correlations with the Eichner index.
Conclusions. Leg extensor power, stepping rate, and one-leg standing time with eyes open are useful indicators in evaluating lower extremity dynamic strength, agility, and balance function. respectable. These findings suggest that dental occlusal condition is associated with lower extremity dynamic strength. agility. and balance function in elderly adults.

DOI： 10.1093/gerona/57.9.M616

Risk factors for periodontal disease progression among elderly people Reviewed

Hiroshi Ogawa, Akihiro Yoshihara, Toshinobu Hirotomi, Yuichi Ando, Hideo Miyazaki

Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29 ( 7 ) 592 - 597 2002.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for periodontal disease progression by individual characteristics at baseline among elderly people over a 2-year period. Subjects were selected from 4542 people aged 70 years residing in Niigata who were in good general health and who did not require special care for their daily activities. Gender, smoking and alcohol drinking habits were obtained using a questionnaire, while serum levels of disease markers were investigated and attachment levels were clinically recorded. For the assessment of periodontal disease progression, additional attachment loss was used if one or more sites had a 3-mm or more increase in probing attachment level over a 2-year period. In all, 394 subjects (208 males and 186 females) were surveyed. Approximately 75% of subjects exhibited additional attachment loss over a 2-year period. Significant associations were found between additional attachment loss and smoking, and attachment level of 6mm or more at baseline, with odds ratios of 3.75 and 2.29, respectively. Smoking habit and baseline attachment level of 6mm or more may be considered risk factors for further attachment loss among healthy elderly people. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002.

DOI： 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.290702.x

Risk factors for periodontal disease progression among elderly people

H Ogawa, A Yoshihara, T Hirotomi, Y Ando, H Miyazaki

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY 29 ( 7 ) 592 - 597 2002.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for periodontal disease progression by individual characteristics at baseline among elderly people over a 2-year period. Subjects were selected from 4542 people aged 70 years residing in Niigata who were in good general health and who did not require special care for their daily activities. Gender, smoking and alcohol drinking habits were obtained using a questionnaire, while serum levels of disease markers were investigated and attachment levels were clinically recorded. For the assessment of periodontal disease progression, additional attachment loss was used if one or more sites had a 3-mm or more increase in probing attachment level over a 2-year period. In all, 394 subjects (208 males and 186 females) were surveyed. Approximately 75% of subjects exhibited additional attachment loss over a 2-year period. Significant associations were found between additional attachment loss and smoking, and attachment level of 6 mm or more at baseline, with odds ratios of 3.75 and 2.29, respectively. Smoking habit and baseline attachment level of 6 mm or more may be considered risk factors for further attachment loss among healthy elderly people.

DOI： 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.290702.x

Relationship between dental occlusion and physical fitness in an elderly population Reviewed

Takayuki Yamaga, Akihiro Yoshihara, Yuichi Ando, Yutaka Yoshitake, Yasuo Kimura, Mieko Shimada, Mamoru Nishimuta, Hideo Miyazaki

Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 57 ( 9 ) M616 - M620 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background. The relationship between physical fitness and dental health status in elderly adults is still unknown. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between physical fitness and occlusal condition of natural teeth in the elderly population. The sample consisted of 591 individuals aged 70 years and 158 aged 80 years selected from the registry of residents in Niigata city. Methods. Hand grip strength (kg), leg extensor strength (kg), leg extensor power (watts), stepping rate (time per 10 seconds), and one-leg standing time with eyes open (seconds) were measured. The Eichner index was used as a measurement of occlusal condition. It was based on existing natural tooth contacts between maxilla and mandible in the bilateral premolar and molar regions and determined the three groups of classification used. In comparing physical fitness with Eichner index, multiple regression models were developed to adjust for variables such as age, gender, height, body weight, past medical history, blood pressure, serum albumin concentration, presence of lower back pain, smoking habit, marital status, and education. Results. Multiple regression analyses revealed that leg extensor power (R2 = .627, p &lt
.05), stepping rate (R2 = .159, p &lt
.05), and one-leg standing time with eyes open (R2 = .179, p &lt
.05) showed significant correlations with the Eichner index. Conclusions. Leg extensor power, stepping rate, and one-leg standing time with eyes open are useful indicators in evaluating lower extremity dynamic strength, agility, and balance function, respectively. These findings suggest that dental occlusal condition is associated with lower extremity dynamic strength, agility, and balance function in elderly adults. © Oxford University Press 2002.

DOI： 10.1093/gerona/57.9.M616

Analysis of vitamin D and Fc gamma receptor polymorphisms in Japanese patients with generalized early-onset periodontitis Reviewed

A Yoshihara, N Sugita, K Yamamoto, T Kobayashi, H Miyazaki, H Yoshie

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH 80 ( 12 ) 2051 - 2054 2001.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R

Early-onset periodontitis (EOP) is considered to have a genetic basis which has not been clearly defined. Genetic polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR-B-b) and the immunoglobulin-Fcgamma receptor IIIb (FcgammaRIIIb-NA1-NA2) are associated with bone metabolism and infectious diseases, respectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of EOP with VDR and FcgammaRIIIb polymorphisms. Subjects were comprised of those with generalized EOP (G-EOP, n = 42), adult periodontitis (AP, n = 52), and healthy control (HC, n = 55). VDR and FcgammaRIIIb genotypes were determined by allele-specific polymerase chain-reactions. Our results indicated that frequencies of the VDR-B non-carrier and the FcgammaRIIIb-NA2 carrier were lower in the G-EOP compared with the AP and HC groups. Furthermore, we found a strong association between G-EOP and the VDR-FcgammaRIIIb composite genotype (G-EOP vs. AP - OR = 5.09, p = 0.009; G-EOP vs. HC - OR = 5.93, p = 0.004). In conclusion, no correlation was found between the VDR genotype and G-EOP. However, the VDR and FcgammaRIIIb genotype combination may be associated with susceptibility to G-EOP.

Increased frequency of Fc gamma RIIIb-NA1 allele in periodontitis-resistant subjects in an elderly Japanese population Reviewed

N Sugita, T Kobayashi, Y Ando, A Yoshihara, K Yamamoto, JGJ van de Winkel, H Miyazaki, H Yoshie

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH 80 ( 3 ) 914 - 918 2001.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH

Many elderly people show minimum periodontal tissue destruction, which might be partly due to genetic advantages in host immune response against periodontopathic bacteria. The human IgG Fc receptor IIIb on neutrophils bears a NA1-NA2 polymorphism. The Fc gamma RIIIb-NA1 displays a more efficient interaction with IgG1- and IgG3-opsonized bacteria, compared with the Fc gamma RIIIb-NA2. We investigated a 70-year-old Japanese population (n = 599) to determine whether the Fc gamma RIIIb polymorphism was associated with resistance to periodontitis. Among subjects with greater than or equal to 20 teeth present, periodontitis-resistant (n = 46) and periodontitis-susceptible groups (n = 73) were selected based on the percentage of sites with greater than or equal to 4 nim probing attachment loss in the entire dentition. The Fc gamma RIIIb-NA1 allotype was overrepresented in the periodontitis-resistant group, compared with the periodontitis-susceptible group (chi (2) = 4.89, p = 0.03, odds ratio = 1.87, 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.28). This suggests that Fc gamma RIIIb-NA1 may be associated with resistance to periodontitis.

Antimicrobial effect of fluoride mouthrinse on mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva Reviewed

Akihiro Yoshihara, Shihoko Sakuma, Seigo Kobayashi, Hideo Miyazaki

Pediatric Dentistry 23 ( 2 ) 113 - 117 2001

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Purpose: This study was designed to determine whether the long-term use of fluoride mouthrinse affects the salivary levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. Methods: The subjects consisted of 414 school children aged 7, 10, and 12 yrs. Among these subjects, 243 children had received fluoride mouthrinse since 5 years of age at nursery schools, and comprised the "mouthrinse group." The remaining 171 children, the "no mouthrinse group," had not received fluoride mouthrinse. All of the children received routine dental health education. The levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli for the subjects in both groups were measured using Dentocult SM Strip mutans® and Dentocult LB Dip Slide®, respectively. Dental examinations were conducted to obtain data on caries prevalence (dfs and DMFS). Logistic regression analysis was used to control confounding factors: age, dfs, DMFS, frequency of toothbrushing, sum of permanent tooth surfaces sealed, frequency of sweet snacks, frequency of sweet drinks, and the use of fluoridated toothpaste. Results: There was a significant difference in mean DMFS between the mouthrinse group and no mouthrinse group at all ages. Children with fluoride mouthrinse had lower levels of mutans streptococci, and there was a significant association between the experience of fluoride mouthrinse and the score of Dentocult SM strip® Odds ratio: 0.64, P&lt
0.05. However, there was no significant relation between the experience of fluoride mouthrinse and the score of Dentocult LB Dip Slide®. The results of this study demonstrated that the long-term use of fluoride mouthrinse affected the detectable levels of mutans streptococci, but did not affect the levels of lactobacilli. Conclusions: These results suggest that fluoride mouthrinse might contribute to reducing the number of mutans streptococci.

Three-Year Incidence of and Risk Predictors for Tooth Loss in Community-dwelling Adults

ANDO Yuichi, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, SEIDA Yoshikazu, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 51 ( 3 ) 263 - 274 2001

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the three-year incidence of and risk predictors for tooth loss in community-dwelling adults. The subjects were 269 (128 males, 141 females) dentate adults living in a town in Niigata Prefecture who underwent oral examinations in both 1997 (baseline examination) and 2000 (follow-up examination). The follow-up rate was 37.2%. The mean age at baseline was 60.6 (SD = 12.8). A multiple-logistic regression model was used to quantify tooth-specific and person-level risk predictors for tooth loss using variables of the oral examination and questionnaire at baseline. The three-year incidence of tooth loss was 4.9% at tooth-level, 48% at person-level. The mean number of missing teeth per year was 0.33. The results of person-level multiple logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was more common in people with 10-27 present teeth, decayed teeth, oral symptoms, history of dental visit within a year and no habit of using an interdental brush or dental floss. Tooth-level multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of tooth loss was higher in wisdom teeth, decayed teeth, crowned teeth, abutment teeth in bridges and teeth with mobility.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.51.3_263

Improvement in Gingivitis by Prevention Program at the Elementary School with the Use of Dental Floss

YOSHIHARA Akihiro, FUKAI Kouichi, MOROZUMI Yuko, HIROTOMI Toshinobu, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 51 ( 5 ) 822 - 827 2001

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

According to the Japanese National Oral Health Survey in 1999, the prevalence of gingivitis among 5-14-year-old children is 47.4%. The use of dental floss is important in preventing gingivitis. The present study investigated the effect of a gingivitis prevention program with the use of dental floss. Thirty-nine 5th graders at "M" elementary school (test group) and eighteen 5th graders at "Y" elementary school (control group) were included in this study. Subjects in the test group were instructed by dental hygienists to use dental floss for anterior teeth in combination with regular toothbrushing after lunch. Measurements were carried out by the same dentist at the baseline and at 6 months, using the modified papilla bleeding index and the plaque index for the anterior 10 papillae. At the baseline, there were no differences between the percentages of proximal bleeding sites per person, of plaque per person, or the percentage of subjects using dental floss in their own home. During a 6-month period, the number of bleeding sites per person decreased from 4.67 (SD=3.01) to 3.03 (SD=2.70) in the test group, and increased from 4.59 (SD=2.50) to 5.41 (SD=3.43) in the control group. There was a significant difference in the reduction of bleeding sites in both groups (p=0.003, Mann-Whitney U test). The number of plaque sites per person decreased from 4.64 (SD=3.02) to 3.41 (SD=2.68) in the test group, and increased from 5.12 (SD=2.93) to 6.41 (SD=2.62) in the control group. There was a significant difference in the reduction of plaque sites in both groups (p=0.003, Mann-Whitney U test). The percentages of subjects using dental floss in their home after instruction during the baseline period was 51.5% for the test group and 22.2% for the control groups (p=0.023, chi-square test). These results show that a gingivitis prevention program including the use of dental floss contributes to the prevention of gingivitis in school children. It is suggested that the program in the present study is relatively easy to include in a school-based dental program and can be widely used.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.51.5_822

Factors Related to Dental Caries Prevalence in Children with Low Caries Level

YOSHIHARA Akihiro, SAKUMA Shihoko, WANG Jing, MATSUMURA Seishi, SHIMONO Tsutomu, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 50 ( 1 ) 83 - 88 2000

Language：English Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

This cross-sectional study investigated factors related to dental caries prevalence in a low caries group. The subjects consisted of 89 schoolchildren aged 12 years. The children had participated in a fluoride mouth rinse program since 5 years of age at nursery schools. Furthermore, pit and fissure sealants were applied to teeth with sticky fissures when detected at dental check-ups twice a year. Clinical examinations were conducted to obtain data on caries prevalence (dfs and DMFS). The salivary level of mutans streptococci, the salivary level of lactobacilli, and the acid production by bacteria in the plaque were measured using Dentocult SM Strip ® , Dentocult LB Dip Slide ® , and Cariostat ® , respectively. In addition, we obtained information on gender, sum of permanent tooth surfaces sealed, toothbrushing frequency, sweet snack frequency, sweet drink frequency, use of fluoridated toothpaste, and stimulated salivary flow rate. Stepwise backward logistic multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between caries prevalence and 11 total independent variables. Furthermore, we obtained information about some reasonable linear discriminators that could identify subjects with high caries experience using the final logistic multiple regression model. Thereafter, we calculated sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index according to the classification table. As the results of stepwise backward logistic multiple regression analysis, three variables (number of sealants, the level of Cariostat R , and frequency of sweet snacks) were selected as independent variables in the final model. The level of CariostatR showed the highest odds ratio (Odds ratio : 6.87, p=0.02). The cutpoints at which Youden's index showed the highest value, sensitivity, and specificity were 76.9% and 75.7%, respectively. According to these findings, it is safe to say that we could propose that the plaque level of Cariostat ® might be the most important variable related to caries prevalence.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.50.1_83

A Comparative Study of Glass Ionomer and Resin-based Material Used as Fissure Sealants on the First Molars -with Incipient Remineralization

YOSHIHARA Akihiro, SAKUMA Shihoko, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 50 ( 5 ) 777 - 782 2000

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

Pit and fissure sealants have been accepted as a caries preventive strategy and have a great effect on preventing dental caries on the pit and fissure surfaces of permanent molar teeth. The retention for resin-based sealant is better than for glass ionomer sealant, but the difference in caries prevention remains equivocal. The aim of this study was to compare the caries preventive effect and retention of a glass ionomer cement (GIC) and a resin-based sealant (RBS). GIC (n=61) or RBS (n=82) was applied on the occlusal surfaces of permanent first molars with Sticky Fissure in school children (n=108), mean age=9.50±1.57 (S. D.). All sealants were applied by two operators using standard procedures and were assessed at baseline and every 6 months thereafter. Assessment criteria were based upon the inefficient status rate (Sticky Fissure or dental caries) and on the occurrence of caries. After 2 years, the ineffective status rate was 23.2% on the RBS compared to 36.1% on the GIC (p<0.05, Wilcoxon's test). For the evaluation of material for sealing, logistic multiple regression analysis was performed. As dependent variables, inefficient status (yes=1, no^O) was used. As independent variables, age, sealant material (RBS=1, GIC=2), DMFT at baseline and jaw (upper=1, lower=2) were used. The inefficient status was associated with the sealant material (Odds ratio: 1.61, p=0.04), after adjusting for age, DMFT at baseline and jaw. In addition, there were a total of eight occurrence of caries, three (4.9%) in teeth sealed with GIC and five (6.1%) in teeth sealed with RBS. The difference in the percentage of the occurrence of caries between teeth sealed with RBS or GIC was not significant. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in caries prevention using GIC compared to RBS. However, there was significantly better retention with RBS.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.50.5_777

Survival of Fissure Sealants and Preventive Resin Restorations Applied over Early Occlusal Carious Lesions

SAKUMA Shihoko, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 50 ( 5 ) 765 - 771 2000

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical success of fissure sealants (SR) and preventive resin restorations (PRR) which were applied over occlusal carious lesions and to discuss the availability of these methods in a program which manages recently erupted permanent molars by means of prevention and treatment of occlusal dental caries. A preventive resin restoration is a conservative treatment that involves limited excavation to remove carious tissue, restoration of the excavated area with a composite resin, and application of a sealant over the surface of the restoration and the remaining sound, contiguous pits and fissures. Subjects were 57 children aged between 8 and 14 years, at the last examination and who had teeth treated with either SR or PRR. They had been participating in a school-based fluoride mouthrinse program from the age of 5 years, which was combined with a targeted sealant-sealant was selectively applied on the fissure detected as sticky using an explorer-in elementary school. Sixty six teeth-64 first and 2 second permanent molars-were evaluated. Carious lesions that did not exceed a width of 2 mm in a pit or fissure of these teeth were detected. Accordingly, SR or PRR were applied on them. An excavation performed with a small round bur (# 1/2) was indicated for SR, while excavation using a bigger bur was indicated for PRR. After these lesions were treated with either SR or PRR, they were assessed twice a year. The mean period of observation was 3.4 years, with a range of 1 to 7.5 years. Out of 45 teeth to which we applied SR, 9 teeth developed secondary caries. In the case of PRR 3 teeth out of 21 teeth developed secondary caries. The cumulative survival rate for subject teeth after 7.5 years was 71.9±8.0 (SE)% as detected by Kaplan-Meier survival functions; thus, the cumulative incidence of secondary caries was 28.1%. There was no significant difference between the cumulative survival rate for SR (71.0 ± 9.1%; after 7.5 years) and that for PRR (75.2 ± 14.8%; after 5.5 years) as determined by generalized Wilcoxon analysis. And stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the school grade at which carious lesion was detected first had a significant impact on the development of secondary caries after SR or PRR application. A cavity detected at the 1st and 2nd grade was at a larger risk (odds ratio=4.56) than that was detected at higher grades. Similar findings have been reported earlier. It is, therefore, recommended that these treatment methods, which are indicated for small and discrete pit or fissure caries, be adopted in dental clinics practicing preventive measures of dental caries, including fluoride use. It is also suggested that the condition of sealant or resin restoration be observed periodically, in order to maintain it properly.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.50.5_765

An Evaluation and Comparison of Visual Inspection, Electrical Caries Monitor and Caries Detector Dye Methods in Detecting Early Occlusal Caries in Vitro Study

WANG Jing, SAKUMA Shihoko, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, KOBAYASHI Seigo, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 50 ( 2 ) 223 - 230 2000

Language：English Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare three diagnostic methods in detecting early caries in occlusal surfaces. Three different methods, namely, visual inspection (VI), electrical caries monitor (ECM) and a caries detector dye (Dye) were used to diagnose occlusal caries in extracted teeth. One hundred sixty-one sites in a total of 42 extracted teeth were examined by three examiners with VI and ECM methods, whereas the Dye method to detect caries was tested by only one examiner. Histological examination of the teeth served as a validating criterion to evaluate the ability of each method to diagnose caries. Of 161 sites, 82, 96 and 96 sites were diagnosed as having caries by the VI, ECM and Dye methods, respectively, compared with 85 sites by histological validation. ECM showed the highest level in sensitivity (85%), followed by VI (67%) and Dye (63%). In the ROC analysis, the areas under ROC reached 0.73, 0.89 and 0.61 for the VI, ECM and Dye methods, respectively. The kappa values ranged from 0.64-0.80 and 0.75-0.82 in intra- and inter-examiners for ECM, respectively, and between 0.53-0.82 and 0.29-0.70 for VI. It was concluded that the ECM method is more valid and reproducible than VI or Dye for the diagnosis of occlusal caries.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.50.2_223

個別保健指導及びパンフレット郵送の成人歯科保健に対する有効性成人女性を対象として

葭原明弘, 八木稔, 澤村恵美子, 金子昇, 宮崎秀夫

口腔衛生学会雑誌 49 ( 5 ) 809 - 815 1999.10

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会

2歳時健康診査受診者の内,3歳児健康診査も受診した244人の母親を対象とした.テスト群(177人)には,歯科衛生士が対象者1人あたり約10分の個別指導を実施した.母親の口腔健康状態には1年間で変化は認められなかった.歯間ブラシ又はフロスを補助清掃用具として使用している割合は,コントロール群では15.0%(ベースライン)から17.3%(1年後)と同様の使用率であったのに対し,テスト群では17.1%(ベースライン)から28.2%(1年後)と有意に増加した.又,1年後の補助用具の使用の有無に対し,有意な要因として選択されたものは,ベースライン時の補助用具の使用,歯科医より歯周疾患の情報入手及び歯科衛生士による個別指導の3変数であった

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.49.5_809

The Incidence Risk for Dental Caries from Brown-Stained Pit and Fissure in the First Molars of Schoolchildren

YOSHIHARA Akihiro, SAKUMA Shihoko, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 49 ( 3 ) 324 - 328 1999

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the caries risk of brown-stained pits and fissures in the first molars. Six hundred thirty-three elementary schoolchildren were selected as sample subjects. The children had participated in a fluoride mouthrinse program since 5 years of age at nursery schools, in addition to having received routine dental education. The screening method consisted of two steps. First, we selected questionable caries for observation (CO teeth) at the school examination. Next, at the second step, we classified the CO teeth into those having brown-stained pits and fissures or sticky fissures, determined at a dental clinic examination. The progression of caries from the brown-stained (86 teeth) and sound (168 teeth) pits and fissures during the next 6 months was compared using the ratio of relative risk. In addition, we evaluated the factors related to the caries progression for 6 months by logistic regression analysis. As a dependent variable, caries occurrence (0: DMFT=0, II DMFT ≥ 1) was used. As independent variables, school grade (1-6), the number of DMFT (0-4), the number of teeth with brown-stained pits and fissures (0-4) and the number of teeth with sticky fissures (0-4) at baseline were used. The percentage of teeth progressing to caries during this 6 month period was 1.2% (2 out of 168) of sound teeth, and 7.0% (6 out of 86) of teeth with brown-stained pits and fissures. The difference in the progression ratio between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.02, Fisher's exact test) and the ratio of estimated relative risk was 5.86 in the teeth with brown-stained pits and fissures against the sound teeth. Furthermore, according to logistic regression analysis, only DMFT showed a significant odds ratio (Odds ratio: 2.38, p=0.02). The results of the study demonstrated that the influence of caries activity on teeth with brown-stained pits and fissures might be low. Furthermore, the risk of progression of teeth with brown-stained pits and fissures to dental caries might be lower than the risk of teeth with sticky fissures, according not only to the results of this study, but also to the results of our previous report on the same school as in this study. We should concentrate on caries prevention especially for teeth with sticky fissures because of their high susceptibility to caries. For making a more efficient caries prevention program, we should make a new connection system between screening examinations at school and treatment for prevention with detailed examination at a dental clinic.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.49.3_324

Economic Aspects of Pit and Fissure Sealants as Caries Preventive Measures Reviewed

YOSHIHARA Akihiro, SAKUMA Shihoko

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 47 ( 5 ) 703 - 716 1998.1

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Thesis (other) Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

A number of clinical studies on treatment of pit and fissure sealants have been made and have concluded that sealants are an effective measure for dental caries prevention. However, it has not yet been established whether sealant application is cost-effective or not. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of sealant application by different standard and to define a major factor which influences the most effective standard. 854 sound 1 st permanent molars in 290 primary schoolchildren between the 1 st and 3 rd grades were selected for this study. When 4 different kinds of adaptation standards were adopted for sealant for the 1 st permanent molars, each cost-effectiveness was compared by simulation in the subjects. The criteria chosen as standards were 1) only teeth with slight sticky fissure (SF), 2) healthy teeth contralateral to one which was carious or filled, 3) all 4 teeth only in subjects whose all 4 second primary molars were decayed or filled, and 4) all 4 teeth in all the subjects. The expected utility value (the costs for sealant and, if needed, for restorative treatment per tooth over time) and cost-effectiveness ratio were calculated for the 4 different adaptation standards, respectively. When adopting each standard, the clinical decision analysis showed that standard # 2 (the opposite tooth was carious) was the lowest at 199 yen, standard # 1 (SF) was the next (289 yen), followed by standard # 3 (all the second primary molars were carious ', 526 yen) and standard # 4 (all teeth ; 1,520 yen). In same way, the cost-effectiveness ratio showed that standard # 1 (SF) was 6,004 yen, # 2 was 10,193 yen, # 3 was 17,668, and # 4 was 27,282, respectively. The cost-effectiveness for sealant was estimated to be changeable with different level of caries prevalence by population group. If there are relatively few people with carious molars, the sealant should be applied only to the sticky fissures. On the other hand, the sealant should be applied to all pits and fissures in groups having high caries prevalence, such as the case simulated in this study where more than 80% of first molars were affected by dental caries for 3 years. In conclusion, these results clearly indicate that the sealant program adopting only sticky fissures as an adaptation standard is the most cost-effective, and that the sealant program, including a decision for adaptation standard, should be planned by caries prevalence level in population groups or sub-groups.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.47.5_703

Evaluation of a Preventive Program for Dental Caries in Primary Dentition from Early Stage of Life

SAWAMURA Emiko, YOSHIHARA Akihiro, YAGI Minoru, MIYAZAKI Hideo

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 47 ( 3 ) 292 - 297 1997

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

A preventive program for dental caries in primary dentition from 10 months to 1 year and 6 months of age was evaluated. The program began in 1990. Subjects were 230 children who lived in a town of Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Topical fluoride application with acidulated 2% sodium fluoride was a major tool of the program. The program also included dental health education with tooth brushing and milk feeding instructions. Principally, the subjects were recalled at intervals of about 3 months. However, some children regarded as having a high risk of dental caries were recalled according to an original screening criteria. In the town, prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth had remained moderate to high before introduction of the program. Dental examination at 1 year and 6 months of age was carried out from 1991 to 1993. The percentage of children with dental caries decreased from 22.9% in 1991 to 8.0% in 1993 (reduction of 14.9 points, p<0.01). The mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth declined from 0.77 to 0.28 in 1991 and 1993, respectively (63.6% reduction, p<0.05). It is concluded that the program motivated the guardians of the children to receive topical fluoride application and to improve oral hygiene habits of the children. The program is considered to be good and feasible for any community with moderate to high level of dental caries in primary teeth.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.47.3_292

The Reliability of Self-assessment of Number of Remaining Teeth Using Questionnaires

ANDO Yuichi, IKEDA Satoshi, YOSHIHARA Akihiro

JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 47 ( 5 ) 657 - 662 1997

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society for Oral Health

The purpose of this study was to compare numbers of remaining teeth from questionnaires and clinical examination and to determine whether information collected through questionnaires is sufficiently reliable for use at community level. The subjects studied were 2,496 adults living in 3 municipalities in Niigata Prefecture. The number of remaining teeth was determined not only from replies to questionnaires by subjects but from clinical examination by 19 dentists. The average score of remaining teeth was 19.59 by questionnaire and 19.60 by oral examination. The difference between the 2 average scores was very small and insignificant by t-test. In each age group, this difference was also small and insignificant. Correlations between questionnaires and clinical examination were extremely high (r = 0.93). In conclusion, questionnaires can give sufficiently reliable data about remaining teeth even if data from clinical examination are not obtained.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.47.5_657

　 PREV - NEXT 　

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19